The promises and limitations of international comparative research on teacher education

This article revisits methodological perspectives on international comparative research on teacher education (TE). Benefits and problems related to comparative educational research methodology in general are discussed. Further, methodological issues associated with designing and carrying out an international comparative study on TE are addressed using a multi-level study on teacher education in Finland and Norway an as example. Towards the end of the article, the promises and limitations of international comparative research on TE are presented. Important benefits of comparative education on TE include widening the understanding of one’s own and other TE systems as well as gaining an understanding of international trends. However, uncritical use of such research may lead to decontextualised, ahistorical and standardised transfer and development of education and educational policies. The article concludes by urging researchers in the field of international comparative research on teacher education to address the questions: What is being compared? How is context addressed?     

敬谦用语探微

敬谦语是社会文明的要求,是个人修养的体现,也是提高交际效果的需要,运用敬谦语需讲究其语用策略,一般遵循“礼“的原则、“情“的原则、“量“的原则、“级“的原则、“度“的原则.只有掌握了敬谦用语的使用策略,才能使其成为礼貌的旌旗,感情的砝码,人际交往的润滑剂.     

Developmental issues in cognitive mapping: the selection and utilization of environmental landmarks

2 studies were conducted to investigate developmental differences in the ability to select and use environmental landmarks for cognitively organizing distance information from a walk. In experiment 1, second-grade, fifth-grade, and college subjects viewed a simulated walk and selected scenes that were high in potential landmark value. In experiment 2, children from the same grade levels first viewed the walk and then ranked distances among either the test scenes most frequently selected by their peers or those selected most frequently by adults. Results indicated that (a) adults and children may not spontaneously select the same features as real-world landmarks; (b) children are less capable than adults in judging the value of potential landmarks as distance cues; and (c) the ability to use environmental landmarks as cues for distance information developmentally precedes the ability to assess this potential information value.     

新形势下成人高等教育课程体系构建

当前我国成人高等教育课程体系存在着课程目标单调、课程内容片面、课程结构单一、课程评价僵化的现象,必须以科学发展观为指导,实现成人高等教育课程体系课程目标的全面性、课程内容的整合性、课程结构的综合性、课程评价的灵活性。     

社会工作对社会体育专业学生的能力和素质要求

社会工作是一项助人自助的专业活动，它帮助个人、群体、社区提高或恢复其社会功能，并创造有利于它们的社会环境。专业性的体育服务是社会工作中的重要内容，社区居民对体育咨询和指导的旺盛需求催生了社会体育指导员这一特殊职业。社会体育专业的学生要成为一名合格的社会工作者，必须具备自如的知识驾驭能力、良好的沟通能力、流畅的表达能力和果敢的决策能力以及服务意识、协作意识和创新意识。     

Promoting access, accommodations, and independence for college students with learning disabilities.

This article focuses on the four primary issues that directly affect service delivery to students with learning disabilities in postsecondary settings, including (a) How are high school and post-secondary settings different? (b) How are eligibility and access determined? (c) How are reasonable accommodations determined? and (d) How can the independence level of college students with learning disabilities be fostered? Each of these issues will be discussed within the context of the student's transition from high school, where Public Law 94-142 is in effect, to college, where Section 504 of the Rehabilitation Act of 1973 applies.     

Generated meanings in the comprehension of word problems in mathematics

A Generative-Predicational Model is proposed and applied to the generation of meanings of simple mathematical word-problems. The model suggests that a fundamental property of cognition is a generative process that takes arguments and that produces results, such as events, answers and inferences. This fundamental property, called predication, generates a task-environment i.e., a problem and its corresponding problem-space i.e., its solution. More precisely, a task-environment is a predication consisting of a written mathematical problem and a writer's life experience. A problem-space is a predication consisting of a leamer's problem solving schema and of the meaning that the learmer generates for the text.The case with which relations can be established between a task-environment and a problem-space depends on the problem's coherence and complexity and the leamer's experiences and thought processes. Faceted definitions of task-environment and problem-space are used to analyze talk-aloud protocols of fifty Israeli sixth-graders tested with thirty word-problems. The empirical results support the proposed model.     

短小芽孢杆菌β-内酰胺酶基因的克隆

以质粒pSC101为载体,用鸟枪法将短小芽孢杆菌A3染色体的β—内酰胺酶基因,克隆至大肠杆菌HB101。经质粒检测及酶切电泳分析证明,克隆的β—内酰胺酶基因位于2.6kb的EcoRI片段上,将此片段连接到质粒PAL32转化枯草杆菌,亦能表达并向胞外分泌β—内酰胺酶。     

论法律漏洞存在的原因、类型及其防治

法律漏洞指法律中的缺漏和矛盾。其存在有两个原因:法律自身及其调整的社会关系方面的原因和立法者方面的原因。法律漏洞可分为形式漏洞与实质漏洞。可从两方面消除或减少它:立法角度防止其产生和司法角度弥补。法律中存在漏洞虽影响法律的效度和信度,但对法制的完备也有重要作用。