Imbalanced free radicals and antioxidant defense systems in schizophrenia： A comparative study

Objective： To examine changes of blood oxidative-antiovidative level in schizophrenic patients and its relationship with clinical symptoms. Methods： Forty-six Chinese patients met DSM-IV （Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders-iV） criteria for schizophrenia and fifty age- and sex-matched healthy controls were enrolled in the present study. Baseline psychiatric symptom severity was assessed with brief psychiatric rating scale, positive and negative syndrome scale on the blood draw day. Fresh blood samples were collected to measure levels of nitric oxide and lipid peroxide in plasma as well as activities of superoxide dismutase, catalase and glutathione peroxidase in red blood cells by spectrophotometric assays simultaneously. Results Comparison of the biochemical parameters indicated that the level of nitric oxide and lipid peroxide increased in patient group, which represented a positive correlation with positive scale scores; while the activities of three critical enzymes decreased and showed a negative linear correlation. Conclusion： This study showed that there are dysregulation of free radical metabolism and poor activities of the antioxidant defense systems in schizophrenic patients. Excess free radicals formation may play a critical role in the etiology of schizophrenia. Using antioxidants might be an effective therapeutic approach to partially alleviate or prevent the symptoms of schizophrenia.     

从教学过程设计转向信息技术支持的学习环境设计

由于中美两国历史文化背景的差异,在学科演化和发展上也呈现不同的道路,引进的教学设计在中国遭到了已有的"教学论"的质疑。对教学设计的概念重新进行梳理后,重新解读了中国的"教学设计"的内涵,以期能抛砖引玉,促进教学设计在中国的健康发展。     

基于ANP的毕业要求达成度评价解析

毕业要求达成度是基于成果导向教育模式(Outcomes--based Education,OBE)的核心概念,对其评价的合理性直接影响到OBE教育模式的实施效果。传统的相关评价中存在教育过程性因素考查不充分、指标不独立引起的信息损失过多、评价方法使用受限、评价结果不准确等问题,而基于网络层次分析法(ANP)的毕业要求达成度评价可在一定程度上解决这些问题。该评价方法不仅有效融入了教育全过程因素,而且充分考虑了各指标间的关联性,能够反映出全部指标的相对重要度,减少了信息损失,更符合OBE中毕业要求达成度的评价要求。     

The Development and Design of a Framework to Match Mentees and Mentors Through a Systematic Review andThematic Analysis of Mentoring Programs Between 2000 and 2015

ABSTRACT

The need for longitudinal and holistic support of medical students throughout their training has led to the development of formal mentoring programs. Whilst success of formal mentoring programs has been attributed to (a) pairing mentees with trained and experienced mentors (matching), (b) the quality of mentoring interactions and (c) the presence of a nurturing environment, little attention has been attributed to establishing an effective matching process in medical school. We sought, in this review, to redress this gap within the context of matching medical students for mentoring. Modified PRISMA guidelines were followed to guide the review process. PubMed, ERIC, Cochrane Database, OVID and ScienceDirect databases were searched for articles on matching in medical schools and in allied health specialities published between 2000 and 2015.     

解析莎士比亚戏剧《麦克白》中麦克白悲剧命运的不可避免性

亚里士多德的极为重要的悲剧理论——悲剧主角的过失论,通过对来自与外界影响因素和麦克白自身因素的分析,得出最终导致麦克白的悲剧命运的是他难以抵抗外界因素的诱惑和自身对权利的极度热衷。正是因为悲剧主角的过失论,更好地说明了麦克白的悲剧命运的不可避免性。     

完善滨海新区企业直接融资体系

天津滨海新区的开发和开放已经纳入国家总体发展战略布局,天津市政府正在按照国务院部署和要求,加快滨海新区的规划和建设,以更好地服务和带动环渤海区域经济的发展.滨海新区近期的金融改革创新主要包括四项:拓宽直接融资渠道、开展金融机构综合经营、创新和完善金融机构体系、外汇管理改革.其阶段性改革创新任务的重点是拓宽直接融资渠道,提高社会资金使用效率.     

蔡元培教育管理思想及其当代启示

本文从蔡元培任教育长和治理北大时期的言行中总结了其教育管理思想,认为其教育管理思想主要有开放性、科学性、民主性和情感性等四个特点,并指出了其对当代高等教育管理的若干启示作用。     

大学英语写作中错误分析及教学对策

写作向来被认为是大学生英语学习过程中比较薄弱的一个环节,而写作能力又通常被确定为衡量学习者语言综合运用能力的一项重要指标。本文运用错误分析理论并结合实证调查与研究,试图对大学生英语写作中出现的典型错误进行归类与分析,探究错误根源,并进一步探讨教师在大学英语写作教学中应如何有针对性地制定教学策略来帮助学生纠正错误。     

The effect of peer feedback for blogging on college students' reflective learning processes

Reflection is an important prerequisite to making meaning of new information, and to advance from surface to deep learning. Strategies such as journal writing and peer feedback have been found to promote reflection as well as deep thinking and learning. This study used an empirical design to investigate the interaction effects of peer feedback and blogging on college students' reflective thinking skills and their learning approaches. Forty-four first- and second-year undergraduate students participated in the study. Students kept blogs each week throughout a whole semester. Two journals were sampled at the beginning and end of the semester for each student. A repeated measure one-way ANOVA suggested that students' reflective thinking level increased significantly over time; however, peer feedback was found to negatively affect students' reflective thinking skills. The result of the study suggests more carefully designed uses in the future.     

高校基层党建机制创新与载体建设的探析

针对目前我国部分高校基层党建工作缺乏创新工作机制、基层党组织设置不灵活、党员教育管理方法单一等问题,从完善党建功能和创新党建载体两个方面提出增强高校基层党建凝聚力和战斗力的对策,认为在高校基层党组织中构建“1＋2”组织机制,可以有效提高基层党建的育人功能,巩固基层党组织的战斗堡垒作用。进而指出要焕发高校基层党组织的活力,必须从组织载体、活动载体和制度载体三个方面加强高校基层党组织建设。