晚清制度变迁中的袁世凯——评麦金农著《中华帝国晚期的权力与政治：袁世凯在天津与北京（1901-1908）》

麦金农对袁世凯和新政的研究,主要基于以下忧虑：相对说来,我们对清末北京政府所受的外部和内部压力知之甚少,对帝国在世纪之交的政治权力结构如何改变的情况知之更少。作者的研究和新见建立在翔实的史料基础之上,除大量运用常见史料如《袁世凯奏折》、相关地方志如《广宗县志》、档案资料如交通部档案以及“海关报告”外,更多地利用了“英国外交部档案（白皮书）”,并以此与《袁世凯奏折》比勘使用。同时,对于台北故宫博物院有关军机处的档案如“光绪朝的商务档、方本、奏编”也使用较多。这自然保证了此项研究的学术性和可信度。     

新建本科院校图书馆规划要素设定及建设重点研究——以保山学院图书馆建设为例

图书馆建设是新建本科院校规划建设中的核心内容之一。保山师范高等专科学校升格为本科学院后,图书馆作为学校办学的重要组成部分理应及时全方位升级。根据国家教育部相关规定,新升格本科院校5年后要接受教育部高校本科教学工作水平合格评估,图书馆建设达标情况是其中一项重要的检查考核指标。以保山学院升本后的图书馆建设为例,讨论了高校本科教学工作水平合格评估背景下新建本科院校图书馆建设的目标定位,发展思路,建设重点及工作原则,方法步骤,提出了对照评估指标搞好学院图书馆建设的基本对策建议。     

法国教师教育的改革现状及其借鉴

法国于1989年着手立法并全面革新师资培养的体制,以推动中小学教师合流及师资培育管道多元化的新制。教师培训学院（les instituts universitaires de formation des maltres,简称IUFM）于1991年诞生。随着教师培训学院的建立,到2005年提出将教师培训学院并入大学,再到2010年末起正式推动实施教师资格硕士化方案,这20年来法国教师教育经历了一场制度上和教育上的变革。     

城市农民工就业培训问题实证研究——基于对江苏省常州市302位农民工的调查与分析

根据302份调查问卷数据,具体分析农民工入城就业情况与参与技术培训情况,结果显示,城市农民工就业情况堪忧,参与职业技术培训比率低,效果差。他们期待由政府和企业承担培训费用,渴盼以短期、休息时间为主,采取在职学习和现场学习等教学模式,期望除了就业单位培训外,还对政府行为寄予厚望。因此,有关部门应完善农民工就业促进机制,建立农民工职业技术培训长效机制。     

现代汉语二合复句中分句语气异类组配的倾向性研究

现代汉语二合复句内分句语气同类组配是主体,异类组配是次要的。前后分句语气异类组配的使用频率具有一定的倾向性：陈述与疑问／祈使／感叹的组配〉疑问／祈使／感叹之间的两两组配;陈述＋疑问／祈使／感叹〉疑问／祈使／感叹＋陈述。陈述语气与疑问／祈使／感叹共享特征的数量都多于疑问、祈使、感叹两两语气之间共享特征的数量,因此前者是优势组配。疑问／祈使／感叹居前时通常要满足三个条件,居后时不受此限制,因此疑问／祈使／感叹居后是优势组配。     

Equatorial aurora: the aurora-like airglow in the negative magnetic anomaly

The most fantastic optical phenomena in the Earth''s upper atmosphere are the auroras. They are highly informative indicators of solar activity, geomagnetic activity, upper atmospheric structures and dynamics, and magnetospheric energetic particles. An area where the geomagnetic field differs significantly from the expected symmetric dipole, such as at the South Atlantic Anomaly, where the magnetic field intensity is low, gives rise to stronger precipitation of energetic particles into the upper atmosphere. Impact excitation and the subsequent airglow emissions exhibit aurora-like dynamic signatures. Nomenclatures of nonpolar aurora or equatorial auroras are similar to those used with the polar auroras owing to their similar excitation mechanisms. This paper provides an overview of the knowledge and the challenges concerning auroral activity at the South Atlantic Anomaly, or more generally, at the negative magnetic anomaly. We emphasize systematic investigation of the equatorial auroras to reveal the temporal and spatial evolution of the magnetic anomaly and the behaviour of energetic particles in near-Earth space.     

Olivine-norite rock detected by the lunar rover Yutu-2 likely crystallized from the SPA-impact melt pool

Chang’E-4 landed in the South Pole-Aitken (SPA) basin, providing a unique chance to probe the composition of the lunar interior. Its landing site is located on ejecta strips in Von Kármán crater that possibly originate from the neighboring Finsen crater. A surface rock and the lunar regolith at 10 sites along the rover Yutu-2 track were measured by the onboard Visible and Near-Infrared Imaging Spectrometer in the first three lunar days of mission operations. In situ spectra of the regolith have peak band positions at 1 and 2 μm, similar to the spectral data of Finsen ejecta from the Moon Mineralogy Mapper, which confirms that the regolith''s composition of the landing area is mostly similar to that of Finsen ejecta. The rock spectrum shows similar band peak positions, but stronger absorptions, suggesting relatively fresh exposure. The rock may consist of 38.1 ± 5.4% low-Ca pyroxene, 13.9 ± 5.1% olivine and 48.0 ± 3.1% plagioclase, referred to as olivine-norite. The plagioclase-abundant and olivine-poor modal composition of the rock is inconsistent with the origin of the mantle, but representative of the lunar lower crust. Alternatively, the rock crystallized from the impact-derived melt pool formed by the SPA-impact event via mixing the lunar crust and mantle materials. This scenario is consistent with fast-cooling thermal conditions of a shallow melt pool, indicated by the fine to medium-sized texture (<3 mm) of the rock and the SPA-impact melting model [Icarus 2012; 220: 730–43].     

建设南昌市公共财政体系的思考

本文从南昌市现有公共财政管理现状出发,分析了目前南昌市现有公共财政管理存在问题,从公共收入体系、公共支出体系、预算管理制度、财政监督体系等四方面,提出了完善南昌市公共财政体系的建议。     

关于高压电能计量装置防窃电工作的思考

本文简要介绍了目前高压电能计量装置所存在的缺陷,提出了如何采用技术手段和管理手段来提高高压电能计量装置的防窃电能力。     

Why super sandstorm 2021 in North China?

Severe sandstorms reoccurred in the spring of 2021 after an absence for more than 10 years in North China. The dust source area, located in Mongolia, suffered destructive cooling and warming in early and late winter, which loosened the land. A lack of precipitation, excessive snow melt and strong evaporation resulted in dry soil and exiguous spring vegetation. A super-strong Mongolian cyclone developed on the bare and loose ground, and easily blew and transported large amounts of sand particles into North China. Furthermore, top-ranking anomalies (sea ice shift in the Barents and Kara Sea, and sea surface temperatures in the east Pacific and northwest Atlantic) were found to induce the aforementioned tremendous climate anomalies in the dust source area. Analyses, based on large-ensemble Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 6, yield results identical to the reanalysis data. Thus, the climate variabilities at different latitudes and synoptic disturbances jointly facilitated the strongest spring sandstorm over the last decade.