全文获取类型
收费全文 | 27086篇 |
免费 | 217篇 |
国内免费 | 119篇 |
专业分类
教育 | 19462篇 |
科学研究 | 3250篇 |
各国文化 | 109篇 |
体育 | 1683篇 |
综合类 | 11篇 |
文化理论 | 503篇 |
信息传播 | 2404篇 |
出版年
2020年 | 209篇 |
2019年 | 313篇 |
2018年 | 2570篇 |
2017年 | 2463篇 |
2016年 | 1973篇 |
2015年 | 376篇 |
2014年 | 428篇 |
2013年 | 2687篇 |
2012年 | 530篇 |
2011年 | 1085篇 |
2010年 | 1100篇 |
2009年 | 668篇 |
2008年 | 907篇 |
2007年 | 1435篇 |
2006年 | 340篇 |
2005年 | 657篇 |
2004年 | 705篇 |
2003年 | 614篇 |
2002年 | 368篇 |
2001年 | 259篇 |
2000年 | 294篇 |
1999年 | 274篇 |
1998年 | 143篇 |
1997年 | 159篇 |
1996年 | 183篇 |
1995年 | 169篇 |
1994年 | 131篇 |
1993年 | 142篇 |
1992年 | 216篇 |
1991年 | 228篇 |
1990年 | 230篇 |
1989年 | 258篇 |
1988年 | 210篇 |
1987年 | 226篇 |
1986年 | 220篇 |
1985年 | 251篇 |
1984年 | 222篇 |
1983年 | 211篇 |
1982年 | 176篇 |
1981年 | 168篇 |
1980年 | 157篇 |
1979年 | 244篇 |
1978年 | 190篇 |
1977年 | 180篇 |
1976年 | 149篇 |
1975年 | 132篇 |
1974年 | 151篇 |
1973年 | 132篇 |
1972年 | 107篇 |
1971年 | 119篇 |
排序方式: 共有10000条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
991.
Funding agencies in Canada are attempting to break down the organizational boundaries between disciplines to promote interdisciplinary
research and foster the integration of the social sciences into the health research field. This paper explores the extent
to which biomedical and clinician scientists’ perceptions of social science research operate as a cultural boundary to the
inclusion of social scientists into this field. Results indicated that cultural boundaries may impede social scientists’ entry
into the health research field through three modalities: (1) biomedical and clinician scientists’ unfavourable and ambivalent
posture towards social science research; (2) their opposition to a resource increase for the social sciences; and (3) clinician
scientists procedural assessment criteria for social science. The paper also discusses the merits and limitations of Tom Gieryn’s
concept of boundary-work for studying social dynamics within the field of science.
相似文献
Brian D. HodgesEmail: |
992.
In Western societies scientists are increasingly expected to seek media exposure and cooperate with industry. Little attention
has been given to the way such expectations affect the role of scientific experts in society. To investigate scientists’ own
perspectives on these issues eight exploratory, in-depth interviews were conducted in Denmark with reputable nutrition scientists.
Additionally, eight interviews were held with ‘key informants’ from the field of nutrition policy. It was found that nutrition
scientists experience two dilemmas: first, between their aspiration to make a collective impact on public health and the powerful
incentives of each to appear frequently in the media with new messages; second, between their need to cooperate with the food
industry for financial reasons and their fear that this may compromise their independence and scientific integrity. It is
argued that the dilemmas identified in this study should be dealt with openly by the relevant groups of scientists. 相似文献
993.
Alain Desrosières 《Minerva》2009,47(3):307-322
Are the categories used to study the social world and acting on it “real” or “conventional”? An empirical answer to that question is given by an analysis of the debates about the “quality” of statistics produced by the European National Institues of statistics in the 1990s. Six criteria of quality were then specified: relevance, accuracy, timeliness, accessibility, comparability and coherence. How do statisticians and users of statistics deal with the tension produced by their objects being both “real” (they exist before their measurement) and “conventionally constructed” (they are in a way, created by these conventions)? In particular, the technical and sociological distinction between the criteria of relevance and accuracy implies a realistic interpretation, desired by users, but that is nonetheless problematic. 相似文献
994.
Rethinking Polanyi’s Concept of Tacit Knowledge: From Personal Knowing to Imagined Institutions 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Half a century after Michael Polanyi conceptualised ‘the tacit component’ in personal knowing, management studies has reinvented
‘tacit knowledge’—albeit in ways that squander the advantages of Polanyi’s insights and ignore his faith in ‘spiritual reality’.
While tacit knowing challenged the absurdities of sheer objectivity, expressed in a ‘perfect language’, it fused rational knowing, based on personal experience, with mystical speculation about an un-experienced ‘external reality’. Faith alone saved Polanyi’s model from solipsism. But Ernst von Glasersfeld’s
radical constructivism provides scope to rethink personal tacit knowing with regard to ‘other people’ and the intersubjectively
viable construction of ‘experiential reality’. By separating tacit knowing from Polanyi’s metaphysical realism and drawing
on Benedict Anderson’s concept of ‘imagined communities’, it is possible to conceptualise ‘imagined institutions’ as the tacit
dimension of power that shapes human interaction. Whereas Douglass North claimed institutions could be reduced to rules, imagined
institutions are known in ways we cannot tell. 相似文献
995.
Nathaniel Logar 《Minerva》2009,47(4):345-366
How does the research performed by a government mission agency contribute to useable technologies for its constituents? Is it possible to incorporate science policy mechanisms for increasing benefits to users in the decision process? The United States National Institute of Standards &; Technology (NIST) promises research directed towards industrial application. This paper considers the processes that produce science and technology at NIST. The institute’s policies for science provide robust examples for how effective science policies can contribute to the emergence of useful technologies. To progress towards technologies that can be years away, the agency uses several means for integrating the needs of eventual information users into the prioritization process. To accomplish this, NIST units, such as the Materials Science and Engineering Laboratory, incorporate mechanisms for considering user need and project impact into different stages of its scientific decision processes. This, and other specific strategies that the agency utilizes for connecting the supply of science to information demand, provide lessons for generating useable science. 相似文献
996.
This article investigates the effect of a Tony nomination or win on the demand facing a Broadway production using a panel
of weekly revenues for Broadway productions from 1996 to 2007. Our results indicate that the effect of a nomination or win
is positive in the week of the announcement and gradually increases in successive weeks, presumably due to publicity and word-of-mouth.
Winners experience an increase in demand as late as 1 year later when awards are publicized for the following season. Moreover,
nominees that do not win the award are penalized heavily in the weeks following the Award announcements. We find that winning
a Tony Award increases a production’s revenues by 12% in the week immediately following the Awards.
相似文献
Lesley ChiouEmail: |
997.
Jordi McKenzie 《Journal of Cultural Economics》2009,33(4):279-299
This study considers a frailty duration approach to modelling the life-length of a sample of 360 films that went into wide
release at the Australian box office from 1 January 2000 to 31 December 2005. The analysis extends previous research by
considering a range of film-specific covariates relating to distribution, production, consumer signals, and weekly performance.
In particular, it is shown that film success (defined in a duration context) responds to previewing, advertising, critical
reviews, and US box office—but not to production budget, star power or opening-week screens. The study also reveals that it
is appropriate to account for unobservable heterogeneity between films in the choice of empirical methodology. 相似文献
998.
Many writers have suggested that professionals dealing with psychological problems in school settings need to consider procedures for consulting on a system level, rather than on an individual or a group level. In this report, a token economy system was implemented for all 459 students in a K-6 elementary school. Managing an intervention program at the system level required comprehensive procedures for staff training and program modification. The results showed a major decrease in classroom disruptions and a decrease in negative teacher interactions during the token economy system compared with baseline data. Data analysis the following summer on system-wide variables demonstrated that the number of suspended students and number of days of suspension decreased, that the rate of gain on achievement tests in reading and mathematics increased compared with the yearly rates suggested by test scores the previous year, and that the teacher turnover rate decreased. Several variables considered necessary for the effective implementation of the program were discussed. 相似文献
999.
Jerome M. Sattler John R. Andres Lisa S. Squire Rick Wisely Christopher F. Maloy 《Psychology in the schools》1978,15(4):486-489
Fabricated test protocols were used to study how effectively examiners agree in scoring ambiguous WISC-R responses. Clinical and school psychologists (N = 62) and graduate students (N = 48) scored WISC-R Similarities, Comprehension, and Vocabulary responses obtained in a group administration procedure. From over 15,000 responses obtained, only unusual, atypical, or ambiguous responses were selected; 726 responses were scored, with 11 groups of 10 raters each scoring 66 responses. Considerable scoring disagreement occurred. Unanimous agreement (within each group of 10 raters) was found on only 13% of the responses, while 80% of the raters agreed on 44% of the responses. Rates of scoring agreement were not related to level of rater experience, but were related to specific subtests. Higher rates of agreement were found on the Similarities and Comprehension subtests than on the Vocabulary subtest for both experienced and inexperienced raters. The results suggest that even with the improved WISC-R manual, scoring remains a difficult and challenging task. 相似文献
1000.