基于功能论的我国大学国际化影响因素分析

本文依据大学的基本职能和要素原理,科学总结和分析了影响大学国际化的五大影响因素,对于指导我国大学国际化科学健康发展具有十分重要的意义。     

面向区域新业态的地方高校金属材料工程专业改造升级路径研究

本文从适应地方新业态的金属材料工程专业改造和升级路径出发,探索对接产业需求的人才培养模式,形成与信息技术深度融合兼有学科交叉特点的课程体系,探索具有新工科特色的专业人才培养质量评价体系,以期实现地方应用型高校传统工科专业的改造升级和跨越式发展。     

Convergent genomic signatures of high-altitude adaptation among domestic mammals

Abundant and diverse domestic mammals living on the Tibetan Plateau provide useful materials for investigating adaptive evolution and genetic convergence. Here, we used 327 genomes from horses, sheep, goats, cattle, pigs and dogs living at both high and low altitudes, including 73 genomes generated for this study, to disentangle the genetic mechanisms underlying local adaptation of domestic mammals. Although molecular convergence is comparatively rare at the DNA sequence level, we found convergent signature of positive selection at the gene level, particularly the EPAS1 gene in these Tibetan domestic mammals. We also reported a potential function in response to hypoxia for the gene C10orf67, which underwent positive selection in three of the domestic mammals. Our data provide an insight into adaptive evolution of high-altitude domestic mammals, and should facilitate the search for additional novel genes involved in the hypoxia response pathway.     

Electro-mechanically controlled assembly of reconfigurable 3D mesostructures and electronic devices based on dielectric elastomer platforms

The manufacture of 3D mesostructures is receiving rapidly increasing attention, because of the fundamental significance and practical applications across wide-ranging areas. The recently developed approach of buckling-guided assembly allows deterministic formation of complex 3D mesostructures in a broad set of functional materials, with feature sizes spanning nanoscale to centimeter-scale. Previous studies mostly exploited mechanically controlled assembly platforms using elastomer substrates, which limits the capabilities to achieve on-demand local assembly, and to reshape assembled mesostructures into distinct 3D configurations. This work introduces a set of design concepts and assembly strategies to utilize dielectric elastomer actuators as powerful platforms for the electro-mechanically controlled 3D assembly. Capabilities of sequential, local loading with desired strain distributions allow access to precisely tailored 3D mesostructures that can be reshaped into distinct geometries, as demonstrated by experimental and theoretical studies of ∼30 examples. A reconfigurable inductive–capacitive radio-frequency circuit consisting of morphable 3D capacitors serves as an application example.     

乡村生态转型中知识和社区的作用——以江苏句容市陈庄为例

乡村生态转型旨在保护乡村资源环境的同时,实现自然资源及生态服务的经济价值,以达到自然生态与经济社会共赢,是乡村功能认识回归和生态文明建设背景下乡村农业生产和生态维育功能重新得到重视等外在因素,以及乡村生态资源丰富和村民发展诉求强烈等内在驱动共同作用的结果,为地处生态敏感区的传统农业村落实现振兴和可持续发展提供了可行途径。基于生态现代化理论与生态经济发展特质,本文从要素投入和参与主体两方面探讨了乡村生态转型的可能路径,提出乡村生态转型需要从依靠资本转向依靠知识投入,结合政府、社区等主体在乡村知识投入与应用中的行为及作用特点,提出乡村生态转型的知识投入更适合采取社区参与的方式。最后,结合江苏省句容市茅山风景区陈庄村的生态转型实践,对乡村生态转型的知识投入和社区参与策略及其效应进行分析。研究有助于深化对乡村生态转型必要性及其路径的理论认识,并为乡村发展的生态化实践提供一定经验借鉴和路径参考。     

社会科学成果转化现状及方法探究

针对社科成果转化被忽视的问题,通过对其现状分析,剖析了产生问题的原因,给出了适合社会科学成果转化的途径。     

美国五年制教师教育项目的经验和启示

作为教师专业化发展的重要途径,近年来美国五年制教师教育项目增长迅速.斯坦福大学和弗吉尼亚大学教师教育项目的成功经验表明,要推动我国五年制教师教育项目的发展,我们就要从改善学生学习的角度出发调整教师教育思路,并能根据高等院校的具体情况采用恰当的教师教育模式.     

Replication,pathogenicity, and transmission of SARS-CoV-2 in minks

Minks are raised in many countries and have transmitted severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) to humans. However, the biologic properties of SARS-CoV-2 in minks are largely unknown. Here, we investigated and found that SARS-CoV-2 replicates efficiently in both the upper and lower respiratory tracts, and transmits efficiently in minks via respiratory droplets; pulmonary lesions caused by SARS-CoV-2 in minks are similar to those seen in humans with COVID-19. We further found that a spike protein-based subunit vaccine largely prevented SARS-CoV-2 replication and lung damage caused by SARS-CoV-2 infection in minks. Our study indicates that minks are a useful animal model for evaluating the efficacy of drugs or vaccines against COVID-19 and that vaccination is a potential strategy to prevent minks from transmitting SARS-CoV-2.     

学术迹及其应用研究的综述

[目的/意义]综述目前学术迹在学术影响力评价中的应用研究。[方法/过程]从学术迹的概述、学术迹的相关指标、学术迹的应用与学术迹的缺陷及改进这4个方面系统地分析了学术迹作为新的指标体系在各学术主、客体学术影响力评价中的作用。[结果/结论]学术迹这一指标存在忽略论文合作现象、时效性差、评价不全面的缺陷,今后应加强和完善。     

论我国图书馆的危机与危机管理

通过对我国图书馆危机的阐述和分析,提出了在图书馆实际工作中解决危机的必要性,并在此基础上提出了危机管理的具体步骤和方法,从而使图书馆能在危机面前采取前瞻性措施。