浅谈高校科研文化建设

科研文化是高校组织文化的一部分,科研文化建设与高校科研管理工作密切相关。高校科研文化建设要以科研管理为切入点,提升高校科研文化的思想性,并加强科研文化体制的建设。     

ICT and educational (dis)advantage: families,computers and contemporary social and educational inequalities

Because access to new technologies is unequally distributed, there has been considerable debate about the growing gap between the so‐called information‐rich and information‐poor. Such concerns have led to high‐profile information technology policy initiatives in many countries. In Australia, in an attempt to ‘redress the balance between the information rich and poor’ by providing ‘equal access to the World Wide Web’ (Virtual Communities, 2002 Virtual Communities (2002) About us. Available online at: http://www.virtualcommunities. com.au (accessed 18 August 2002)  [Google Scholar]), the Australian Council of Trade Unions, Virtual Communities (a computer/software distributor) and Primus (an Internet provider) in late 1999 formed an alliance to offer relatively inexpensive computer and Internet access to union members in order to make ‘technology affordable for all Australians’ (Virtual Communities, 2002 Virtual Communities (2002) About us. Available online at: http://www.virtualcommunities. com.au (accessed 18 August 2002)  [Google Scholar]). In this paper, we examine four families, one of which had long‐term Information and Communication Technologies (ICT) access, and three of which took advantage of the Virtual Communities offer to get home computer and Internet access for the first time. We examine their engagement with ICT and suggest that previously disadvantaged family members are not particularly advantaged by their access to ICT.     

复合型外语专业人才培养模式探索

为满足社会发展对复合型外语专业人才的需求，外语专业人才培养模式需重新构建。为此，应从教育观念、教学管理体系、教学内容、教学方法和教学手段等方面进行改革。     

A developmental analysis of the relationship between response strength and punishment

Two levels of training (100 vs. 500 trials) and two ages of rats (young and adult) were used in a developmental analysis of the relationship between response strength and the effects of punishment. The apparatus was a Y maze with three discriminably different arms. After 100 or 500 reinforced trials, subjects were shocked each time they responded in one arm. The recovery sessions followed the punishment session. Results from the punishment day indicated that: (a) young rats received a greater amount of shock, and (b) additional training increased the amount of shock received by the young but decreased it in the adults. The recovery data showed that: (a) the suppressive effects of punishment were greater for the adults than for the young, and (b) the recovery scores were not influenced by degree of overtraining. The Age by Overtraining interaction suggested that the relationship between response strength and punishment is age dependent. The age differences found with the amount-of-shock and recovery measures provided additional support for the position that younger rats are less competent than adult rats in inhibiting responses.

     

远程医学的应用及管理

远程医学是以图像和视频传输为基础的新型学科,远程医学教育是远程医学的重要方面,远程医学的通讯方式有卫星、ISDN、互联网和普通电话线(PSTN)等。技术上把实现电话线上医学资料的共享功能作为软件开发的重点,以满足远程医疗会诊和讲座式远程教育的要求。     

面向21世纪土地资源管理专业的教学改革与发展

针对土地管理实际工作对人才需求的特点，结合土地资源管理专业教学实践的体会，对面向21世纪土地资源管理专业的教学改革与发展进行了探讨和研究，提出了有关教学改革的措施和发展建设要点。     

贵州月亮湖放牧式养殖胭脂鱼营养成分分析

月亮湖是贵州省赤水市的天然水域,通过投入鱼种进行放牧式养殖。为了解月亮湖中放牧式养殖条件下胭脂鱼(Myxocyprinus asiaticus)的营养特点,采用常规营养方法测定了胭脂鱼的营养成分和氨基酸含量。结果显示:胭脂鱼肌肉中水分含量为(69.40±0.29)%,粗蛋白含量为(16.66±0.69)%,粗脂肪含量为(0.76±0.02)%,粗灰分含量为(2.50±0.18)%。共检测到17种氨基酸,其总量为(84.59±2.955)%,其中7种必需氨酸(不含色氨酸)总量为(33.14±1.22)%,占氨基酸总量的39.18%。4种鲜味氨基酸总量为(33.35±1.09)%,占氨基酸总量的39.43%,必需氨基酸与非必需氨基酸的比例为64.41%。研究结果表明放牧式养殖胭脂鱼的肌肉具有水分含量较低,蛋白含量适中,脂肪含量低,灰分含量较高,氨基酸含量适中的特点。     

Building Equitable Literate Futures: Home and school computer-mediated literacy practices and disadvantage

This article examines the complex connections between literacy practices, the use of information and communication technologies (ICTs) and disadvantage. It reports the findings of a year-long study which investigated the ways in which four families use ICTs to engage with formal and informal literacy learning in home and school settings. The research set out to explore what it is about computer-mediated literacy practices at home and at school in disadvantaged communities that makes a difference in school success. The findings demonstrate that the 'socialisation' of the technology--its appropriation into existing family norms, values and lifestyles--varied from family to family. Having access to ICTs at home was not sufficient for the young people and their families to overcome the so-called 'digital divide'. The article concludes that old inequalities have not disappeared, but are playing out in new ways in the context of the networked society.     

在语文教育的路上,我们迷失了自己

韩军说,我们在语文教育的路上失落了太多的“根本”,于是他“呼唤中国语文教育返本归根”。在《中国教育报》组织的“在语文教育的路上我们失落了什么”的讨论中,有人认为,“我们失落了眼泪”;有人认为,我们失落了“语文基础知识”、“讲授式教学法”、“教学内容的科学性”等等。其实,细想来,最根本的是,在语文教育的路上,我们迷失了自己。一自清末“废科举,兴学校”以来,中国的教育一直在探索中艰难前进。就语文教育而言,教学内容从文言文转变为白话文;教学方法从注重评点串讲变为讲求师生互动;教育目的从以“传道”为主到以学习语言文字…     

A Methylome‐Wide Association Study of Trajectories of Oppositional Defiant Behaviors and Biological Overlap With Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder

In 671 mother–child (49% male) pairs from an epidemiological birth cohort, we investigated (a) prospective associations between DNA methylation (at birth) and trajectories (ages 7–13) of oppositional defiant disorder (ODD), and the ODD subdimensions of irritable and headstrong; (b) common biological pathways, indexed by DNA methylation, between ODD trajectories and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD); (c) genetic influence on DNA methylation; and (d) prenatal risk exposure associations. Methylome‐wide significant associations were identified for the ODD and headstrong, but not for irritable. Overlap analysis indicated biological correlates between ODD, headstrong, and ADHD. DNA methylation in ODD and headstrong was (to a degree) genetically influenced. DNA methylation associated with prenatal risk exposures of maternal anxiety (headstrong) and cigarette smoking (ODD and headstrong).