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941.
K C Faller 《Child abuse & neglect》1985,9(1):63-69
While the United States child protection system is widely recognized as probably the most sophisticated and wide-ranging in the world, it nevertheless has some inherent problems. This article addresses some of the negative effects of mandatory reporting and the lack of fit of a short-term crisis intervention treatment approach for a substantial proportion of the protective services population. Reporting may have detrimental effects on the client-reporter relationship. Further, over half of the cases investigated are not substantiated. Of concern are the impact on innocent families of being investigated and the waste of scarce worker resources on investigation. While some protective services families are well suited to a crisis intervention model, a large number are multiproblem families who are always in crisis and families with chronic problems for whom crisis intervention is totally inadequate. Furthermore, because of high caseload size, workers are often not available to intervene after they have investigated the case. The problems described have been exacerbated by funding cutbacks under the current United States administration. The child protection system, along with other social welfare programs, is at risk for being dismantled by the Reagan administration. 相似文献
942.
The present study argues that a greater understanding of the factors which contribute to a youth's sexual victimization is likely to not only be based on what we know about the youths who are victimized but also on comparative information on youths who are not. Selected social background variables from a sample of young victims (n = 20) and nonvictims (n = 21) representing a population of youths with histories of antisocial behavior were compared. Using stepwise discriminant analysis several factors relating to youths' home environment significantly discriminated victims from nonvictims. The results suggest that the probability of being sexually victimized is increased when the home environment is unstable and lacks adequate control over youths' activities. The need for improved research methodologies to achieve better identification of determinants of risk is discussed. Multivariate assessment of social, situational, and personal factors of victims and nonvictims is recommended as a potentially promising approach for improving current rape prevention efforts. 相似文献
943.
Diagrams and illustrations as aids to problem solving 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
K. P. Szlichcinski 《Instructional Science》1979,8(3):253-274
The psychological literature relating to factors which should be taken into account in the design of illustrations and pictorial instructions as aids to problem solving is reviewed. The problem solver can invoke a wide range of strategies for using pictorial materials to achieve his goal, although pictorial instructions which indicate how to perform actions place a tighter constraint on the choice of strategy than illustrations showing only states to be attained. The designer must make his graphics compatible with as wide a range of strategies for using them as possible while building on the knowledge the problem solver already possesses.The author now works for the Post Office Telecommunications Systems Strategy Department, 88 Hills Road, Cambridge. 相似文献
944.
Judith K. Bernhard Luz Bascunan Rodolfo Arenas Nury Rugeles Verga Daniel Gana 《Early Years: An International Journal of Research and Development》2004,24(1):49-62
Thirty‐eight Latin American mothers with young children tell of their perceptions of school discipline and comportment issues and talk of their children's encounters with ‘zero tolerance’ legislation, and related rules for conduct, implemented by the local school boards. The purpose of this exploratory study is to understand: (a) parents' views of and concern about disciplinary practices at school; (b) parents' ideas about the connection between home and school discipline; and (c) parents' understanding of the officially prescribed consequences of behaviour identified as non‐tolerable. Implications of the findings are discussed with regard to professional practice. 相似文献
945.
S. K. Ghoshal 《Resonance》1996,1(2):32-39
This article surveys personal computing with the IBM personal computer as a platform to discuss details of hardware. 相似文献
946.
Although the concept of community has been advanced in technical communication as a moral reference point for civic rhetorical action, this concept is typically used in romantic, redemptive, and essentializing ways. This article argues for a radical and symbolic/rhetorical view of community, regarding it a discursive construct purposefully invoked by technical writers for strategic reasons. 相似文献
947.
A K Shukla 《Resonance》2001,6(11):49-62
Road transportation as an important requirement of modern society is presently faced with restrictions in mainly two respects,
namely the ever tightening emission legislation as well as the availability of petroleum fuels, and as a consequence the fuel
cost. But in any review of power sources for future road transport vehicles, the performance of the existing internal combustion
engine is likely to be the yardstick against which other power sources will be compared. The power sources most likely to
provide favourable comparison are those, which can display comparable range and speed, long and reliable life and manufactured
at a cost comparable to petrol engine. A vehicle which fails in any of these requirements is unlikely to achieve anything
but a niche market share. This article is an appraisal of a variety of proposed electrochemical systems, viz. rechargeable
batteries, fuel cells and supercapacitors, for an electric car. It is surmised that a viable electric car could be powered
with a fuel cell to provide power for cruising and climbing coupled in parallel with a supercapacitor/battery bank to deliver
additional short-term burst-power during acceleration.
A K Shukla is a Professor at the Solid State and Structural Chemistry Unit, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore. His current
research interests are in materials electrochemistry with special emphasis on batteries, fuel cells and supercapacitors. 相似文献
948.
S K Ghoshal 《Resonance》1996,1(4):31-36
This article surveys system software organization in personal computers using the IBM personal computer software. Details of the hierarchical levels of the system software organization are explained. 相似文献
949.
Lauren A. Barth-Cohen Michelle K. Smith Daniel K. Capps Justin D. Lewin Jonathan T. Shemwell MacKenzie R. Stetzer 《Journal of Science Education and Technology》2016,25(1):50-61
There is a growing interest in using classroom response systems or clickers in science classrooms at both the university and K-12 levels. Typically, when instructors use this technology, students are asked to answer and discuss clicker questions with their peers. The existing literature on using clickers at the K-12 level has largely focused on the efficacy of clicker implementation, with few studies investigating collaboration and discourse among students. To expand on this work, we investigated the question: Does clicker use promote productive peer discussion among middle school science students? Specifically, we collected data from middle school students in a physical science course. Students were asked to answer a clicker question individually, discuss the question with their peers, answer the same question again, and then subsequently answer a new matched-pair question individually. We audio recorded the peer conversations to characterize the nature of the student discourse. To analyze these conversations, we used a grounded analysis approach and drew on literature about collaborative knowledge co-construction. The analysis of the conversations revealed that middle school students talked about science content and collaboratively discussed ideas. Furthermore, the majority of conversations, both ones that positively and negatively impacted student performance, contained evidence of collaborative knowledge co-construction. 相似文献
950.
S. K. Ghoshal 《Resonance》1997,2(2):25-33
This article briefly describes the memory organization of the base architecture by illustrating it with a map and explains how to expand or extend the memory. 相似文献