Piece-by-Piece Review of Digitize-and-Lend Projects through the Lens of Copyright and Fair Use

Digitize-and-lend library projects can benefit societies in multiple ways, from providing information to people in remote areas or with physical disabilities to facilitating the sharing of library resources with information-poor communities. This article explores the potential of digitize and lend as well as outlines how projects can be undertaken in a manner respectful of the balance of copyright.     

Three “centuries”: the context and development of rural construction in China

If the shoe doesn’t fit, it is a mistake to change the foot, but in essence this is what occurred in 20th-century China, in the context of rural construction. Motivated by self-preservation, nationalist forces in China resisted the hasty, indiscriminate and harmful importation (indeed, imposition) of western influences, but these external influences ultimately predominated over traditional domestic practices. Radical ideologies evolved, destroying traditional construction methods while promoting ill-conceived, but ostensibly “modern” counterparts, or chaotic syntheses of old and new. Rural economies were devastated, to the despair of peasants. The internal response to external stimulus had become far more damaging, the cure its own fatal disease. Amid ongoing efforts at reconstruction, local committees were formed that varied in efficiency, and successive waves of rural construction featured a wide array of approaches, far more than merely “top down” or “bottom up (grassroots).” And yet, while conditions have improved, the symptoms of radical response persist. The proper cure should be context-dependent reform.     

Precision measurement of the Newtonian gravitational constant

The Newtonian gravitational constant G, which is one of the most important fundamental physical constants in nature, plays a significant role in the fields of theoretical physics, geophysics, astrophysics and astronomy. Although G was the first physical constant to be introduced in the history of science, it is considered to be one of the most difficult to measure accurately so far. Over the past two decades, eleven precision measurements of the gravitational constant have been performed, and the latest recommended value for G published by the Committee on Data for Science and Technology (CODATA) is (6.674 08 ± 0.000 31) × 10⁻¹¹ m³ kg⁻¹ s⁻² with a relative uncertainty of 47 parts per million. This uncertainty is the smallest compared with previous CODATA recommended values of G; however, it remains a relatively large uncertainty among other fundamental physical constants. In this paper we briefly review the history of the G measurement, and introduce eleven values of G adopted in CODATA 2014 after 2000 and our latest two values published in 2018 using two independent methods.     

基于PCR及电泳技术,开展高中生物研究性学习

以“利用DNA条形码调查校园昆虫多样性”课题为例,叙述了如何利用PCR及电泳技术开展高中生物研究性学习的具体实施方案.     

安全情报概念的由来、演进趋势及涵义——来自安全科学学理角度的思辨

[目的/意义]安全问题是当前国家、政府、企业、社会、大众及学界广泛关注的一个重要现实问题，而安全情报是保障安全的必用之宝，故安全情报研究具有十分重要的理论与现实意义。[方法/过程]运用文献分析法和思辨法，从安全科学学理角度出发，论证基于安全科学视角解读与界定安全情报概念的必要性、重要性与紧迫性，探讨安全情报概念的由来与演进趋势，并分析安全情报的涵义。[结果/结论]从安全科学学理角度看，从安全信息到安全情报的安全管理新认识是提出安全情报概念的根本动力，安全情报概念的总体演进趋势是从分散到统一。同时，从系统安全学角度看，安全情报是指所有影响系统安全行为的安全信息。     

口语测试量表设计方法的审视与思考

从介绍的角度审视现成口语测试量表设计的主要种类和特点;对比量表设计的优劣;探讨合适的设计方法和可行性。     

《造洋饭书》的版本身世与文化效应

以《造洋饭书》的出版为依据,从清末西餐传入中国的背景、该书编者高第丕夫人的出版动机与内容编排意识、读者的定位及其流通与影响等视角,探讨《造洋饭书》的文化意义与出版意义,对清末教会出版事业在传教过程中开展的中西汇通与交流进行梳理和归纳,描绘因一本西餐食谱的出版所产生的文化效应.     

“生命政治”论的隐秘线索:一个思想史的考察

晚近十几年来,生命政治已成为政治思想的一个核心关键词,乃至在欧陆思想中形成了一个“生命政治的转向”.生命政治论惯常被追溯到法国思想家米歇尔·福柯,本文则将它再往上推半个世纪.从20世纪20年代的生命政治的“史前史”入手,这个研究旨在揭开一条思想史上的隐在线索.尽管福柯与阿甘本是生命政治的两个核心思想家,但他们在学理层面的关系,并非一种简单的承继与发展关系,相反充满着深层次的对立与抵牾.只有从生命政治的“史前史”出发,才能疏理出生命政治论发展的内在线索.     

深度学习视域下真实性情境的创设与价值最大化利用——以高中生物学部分教学设计为例

阐述了基于真实性情境的创设,并立体挖掘情境的价值所在,产生任务驱动,引领学生走向深度学习,从而培养和发展学生解决真实情境中复杂、不可测问题的能力.