The building of weak expertise: the work of global university rankers

University rankers are the subject of much criticism, and yet they remain influential in the field of higher education. Drawing from a two-year field study of university ranking organizations, interviews with key correspondents in the sector, and an analysis of related documents, I introduce the concept of weak expertise. This kind of expertise is the result of a constantly negotiated balance between the relevance, reliability, and robustness of rankers’ data and their relationships with their key readers and audiences. Building this expertise entails collecting robust data, presenting it in ways that are relevant to audiences, and engaging with critics. I show how one ranking organization, the Times Higher Education (THE), sought to maintain its legitimacy in the face of opposition from important stakeholders and how it sought to introduce a new “Innovation and Impact” ranking. The paper analyzes the strategies, methods, and particular practices that university rankers undertake to legitimate their knowledge—and is the first work to do so using insights gathered alongside the operations of one of the ranking agencies as well as from the rankings’ conference circuit. Rather than assuming that all of these trust-building mechanisms have solidified the hold of the THE over its audience, they can be seen as signs of a constant struggle for influence over a skeptical audience.     

注重学生知识迁移提高数学教学效果

根据教育心理学中的迁移原理，在数学教学实践中注重知识迁移原理的应用，从五个方面把握教学内容、知识结构和教学方法，促进学生的知识和技能正向迁移，有效地提高课堂教学效果。     

心理调控在演唱中的重要性

声乐演唱不单是声音的技巧,更重要的是一种很强的心理调控能力和心理动势.它具有建筑式的严密性,并着重于结构的整体性、均衡性和统一性.只有充分发挥心理调控的能动性,才能发掘声乐作品的意蕴,体现作品的精华,通过演唱的形式展现出作品丰富的内涵和全新的自我.     

电动车能量再生技术

1　Introduction　Therateddistanceisoneofkeyfactorstolimitthedevelopmentofelectricvehicle (EV)sinceEVwasin vented .Itisawayforincreasingtherateddistancetoputtheadvancedenergyregenerationtechnologyintouse .Manyexperimentsprovethattheactualrateddistanceofaelectricscooterunderthecityroadsur roundingsisabout 35 - 45kmwhileitisabout 5 5 - 6 5kmunderthestandard proving ground .Moreover ,JapanToyotaalsoprovedthattherateddistancecouldbeincreasedby 2 0 %whenusingtheenergyregenera tionsysteminEV .Soi…     

多义词语用充实问题的词汇语用思考

一词多义是一种普遍存在的语言现象。本文从词汇语用学的角度,结合英语和汉语多义词语料,揭示了结构主义语义学和原型语义学理论对多义词解释的缺陷,并认为多义词的选择和理解实际上是在经过语用充实后,其原型意义在一定语境下的收缩或扩充。多义词的使用和理解是在词汇语用学的框架内,一个以语境为基础的认知——语用问题,而不仅仅是个语言问题。     

精神生活的原始地层--丹纳《艺术哲学》研究

丹纳在其《艺术哲学》中深入地研究了文学的民族特性，认为各民族的文学以其特有的个性置身于世界文学之林，就像自然界有桔树、桦树一样自然。文学的生成要受各种因素的影响，其中对文学影响最深刻最经久的是民族的本能与才具——它是在血里，与血统一起传下来的；要这些本能和才具变质，除非使血变质。正因如此，丹纳将其称为精神生活的原始地层。以“文化霸权主义”为其背景的“全球化”，与深厚坚固的原始地层相比，显得那么浅薄和松软，经不起时间的刮、刨。     

How Does the Degree of Guidance Support Students’ Metacognitive and Problem Solving Skills in Educational Robotics?

Educational robotics (ER) is an innovative learning tool that offers students opportunities to develop higher-order thinking skills. This study investigates the development of students’ metacognitive (MC) and problem-solving (PS) skills in the context of ER activities, implementing different modes of guidance in two student groups (11–12 years old, N1 = 30, and 15-16 years old, N2 = 22). The students of each age group were involved in an 18-h group-based activity after being randomly distributed in two conditions: “minimal” (with minimal MC and PS guidance) and “strong” (with strong MC and PS guidance). Evaluations were based on the Metacognitive Awareness Inventory measuring students’ metacognitive awareness and on a think-aloud protocol asking students to describe the process they would follow to solve a certain robot-programming task. The results suggest that (a) strong guidance in solving problems can have a positive impact on students’ MC and PS skills and (b) students reach eventually the same level of MC and PS skills development independently of their age and gender.     

影响排球"自由防守人"技术因素的分析

运用文献资料法、统计法和摄像分析的研究方法,对九运会男排“自由防守人”的技术情况进行分析、比较。认为判断能力、场上意识、以及移动能力是影响“自由防守人”技术发挥的主要因素。本文对影响“自由防守人”技术的主要因素进行分析,以便为提高“自由防守人”的接发球和防守的训练水平提供参考。     

关于浙江省高等职业技术学院师资队伍建设的思考与分析

文章根据浙江省高等职业技术学院历年来师资队伍数量、结构的变动情况,分析了浙江省高职院师资队伍的现状,总结了高职院在师资队伍建设方面取得的主要成绩及原因,反映了高职院现有师资队伍存在的主要问题,并建议高职院校的师资队伍建设应遵循内部培养与外部引进并举、学历与能力并存、数量与结构兼而得之、教学与科研相辅相成的原则.     

Erosion behavior and mechanism of boronised steels

Boronising of steels is a hardening process to get high surface hardness. The erosion resistance of boronised steels was researched with the use of four kinds of erodent, i.e. glass, alumina, quartz and silicon carbide. The erosion rate increases rapidly with erodent hardness and severe erosion occurs with high impacting angle range of hard particles. SEM analysis indicated that chipping is caused by repetitive impacting of glass and quartz, whereas by alumina and silicon carbide impacting, chipping, and that plastic flow take place simultaneously and the erosion rate reaches the peak value when the impacting angle is above 60°.