浅析现代铁路企业职工教育培训模式的改进与创新

职工教育培训对铁路企业的改革与发展起着越来越重要的作用。本文分析了当前铁路职工教育培训的现状,针对当前培训模式存在的问题,从转变培训观念、构建科学合理的培训体系、优化配置培训资源、运用综合培训手段等方面对现代铁路职工教育培训模式提出了改进与创新的建议。     

Possible Role of microRNA-122 in Modulating Multidrug Resistance of Hepatocellular Carcinoma

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a hypervascular primary liver cancer characterized by rapid progression, besides, resistance to traditional chemotherapeutic agents. It has been shown that microRNAs play critical roles in regulation of tumor cell sensitivity to drugs through modulating the expression of genes involved in drug transport. The present study investigated whether restoration of miR-122 in HCC cells could alter the cell cycle distribution and the expression of multidrug resistance (MDR)-related genes (ABCB1, ABCC1, ABCG2 and ABCF2). After overexpression of miR-122 in HepG2 cells treated or untreated with doxorubicin doses, total RNAs and protein extracts were isolated for application of QRT-PCR and western blotting techniques. Moreover, cell cycle distribution was monitored by flow cytometry. Our results revealed that, the over expression of miR-122 in HepG2 cells treated or untreated with doxorubicin could modulate the sensitivity of cells to chemotherapeutic drug through downregulation of MDR-related genes, ABCB1 and ABCF2. Interpretation of cell cycle distribution revealed that, the anti-proliferative effect of miR-122 is associated with the accumulation of cells in G₀/G1 phase. Moreover, treatment with miR-122 and doxorubicin resulted in high percentage of HCC cells in G₀/G1 phase. Taken together, our findings revealed that, overexpression of miR-122 inhibited HCC cell growth by inducing cell cycle arrest and this arrest is associated with down-regulation of MDR-related genes.     

近十年我国知识管理研究论文的统计分析

本文统计分析了中收录的1998-2007年问的3291篇知识管理论文的年代分布及数量增长趋势、论文来源期刊分布、论文研究机构分布、核心作者分布等,并展望了知识管理研究的未来发展趋势.     

Identifying 21st Century STEM Competencies Using Workplace Data

Gaps between science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) education and required workplace skills have been identified in industry, academia, and government. Educators acknowledge the need to reform STEM education to better prepare students for their future careers. We pursue this growing interest in the skills needed for STEM disciplines and ask whether frameworks for 21st century skills and engineering education cover all of important STEM competencies. In this study, we identify important STEM competencies and evaluate the relevance of current frameworks applied in education using the standardized job-specific database operated and maintained by the US Department of Labor. Our analysis of the importance of 109 skills, types of knowledge and work activities, revealed 18 skills, seven categories of knowledge, and 27 work activities important for STEM workers. We investigate the perspectives of STEM and non-STEM job incumbents, comparing the importance of each skill, knowledge, and work activity for the two groups. We aimed to condense dimensions of the 52 key areas by categorizing them according to the Katz and Kahn (1978) framework and testing for inter-rater reliability. Our findings show frameworks for 21st century skills and engineering education do not encompass all important STEM competencies. Implications for STEM education programs are discussed, including how they can bridge gaps between education and important workplace competencies.     

Eccentricity and thermoviscous effects on ultrasonic scattering from a liquid-coated fluid cylinder

Calculation of the scattered field of the eccentric scatterers is an old problem with numerous applications. This study considers the interaction of a plane compressional sound wave with a liquid-encapsulated thermoviscous fluid cylinder submerged in an unbounded viscous thermally conducting medium. The translational addition theorem for cylindrical wave functions, the appropriate wave field expansions and the pertinent boundary conditions are employed to develop a closed-form solution in the form of infinite series. The analytical results are illustrated with a numerical example in which the compound cylinder is insonified by a plane sound wave at selected angles of incidence in a wide range of dimensionless frequencies. The backscattered far-field acoustic pressure amplitude and the spatial distribution of the total acoustic pressure in the vicinity of the cylinder are evaluated and discussed for representative values of the parameters characterizing the system. The effects of incident wave frequency, angle of incidence, fluid thermoviscosity, core eccentricity and size are thoroughly examined. Limiting case involving an ideal compressible liquid-coated cylinder is considered and fair agreement with a well-known solution is established.     

地质资料信集群化产业化的技术和应用课题

我国拥有数量庞大的地质资料信息,在能源和矿产的勘探开采、大型基础建设和防灾救灾中发挥了重要作用.然而,传统的地质资料信息是分散型封闭式管理,服务对象范围面较窄,服务内容也比较单一,导致服务效率低下,造成信息资源的巨大浪费.推进地质资料信息服务的集群化和产业化,提升服务水平,成为国家和广大地质工作者面临的重大挑战.本文首先介绍了整合多源异构的分散资料信息,进而提取出新信息的集群化以及提供多元多层次的公益服务和有偿服务的产业化,阐述了二者的重大意义,揭示了其进程是一项工作量大、涉及面广的系统工程,需要从网络信息化时代和社会发展的高度统筹规划,制定中长期发展计划.然后探讨了在集群化产业化的初级阶段需要重点解决的技术和应用上的课题,包括集群化技术和信息标准问题,管理体制上的思路,以及运行服务的新模式,同时介绍了国外的地质资料信息管理和服务的经验,并展望了我国的地质资料信息的集群化产业化的发展前景.     

Der Sportwissenschaftler als Unternehmer im Wissensmarkt

Creative ideas are the driving force behind knowledge production, the producers of which are generally domesticated at universities for the purposes of ensuring the methodological credibility of the knowledge produced, in order to minimise the impact of chance in the creation of new knowledge. The status of producers is determined by indicators designed to simulate the demand for knowledge, precipitate a quantitative and qualitative comparison of elements which are not comparable, and establish legitimacy for the means of control used. Furthermore, incentives for competitive sport research and the symbolic recognition of scientists via sport practice play a particular role for knowledge production in sports science. In order to compensate for the practical world’s unwillingness to pay for sports science expertise relevant to competitive sport, the German Federal Institute of Sports Science (BISp) functions as a simulator of demand for knowledge generated by universities, while the Institute for Applied Training Science with its services exclusively available to umbrella organisations limits the range of incentives to produce (competitive) sporting knowledge. Sports scientists are thus faced with a market situation which favours routine research and standard methods, creates legitimacy at a central level, does not necessarily tackle actual issues faced by (competitive) athletes, stimulates demand for monitoring services, and all in all leaves monoculture-driven gaps which could most likely only be avoided by advocating and applying individual scope for action throughout the research ethos.