Green intellectual capital and environmental product innovation: the mediating role of green social capital

Although the importance of intellectual capital has already been highlighted in the management literature, few articles have focused on the importance of its green counterpart, green intellectual capital. Nowadays, when environmental concerns cannot be ignored by firms, it is therefore time to explore the role of green intellectual capital in environmental improvement. For that reason, our research aims to explore the relationships between green intellectual capital components and the environmental performance of the firms. In particular, we try to show the importance of green organizational and social capital in the development of environmental product innovations, which are vital to the development and implementation of environmental strategies since, as scholars have pointed out, they generate some of the greatest environmental impacts. The empirical results show that green organizational capital has an indirect impact on environmental product innovation through green social capital, meaning that the latter is a significant mediator of that relationship, and at the same time emphasizing that informal relationships play a key role in the improvement of the environmental performance of the firm and, more specifically, in the development of environmental product innovations.     

Learning,innovation and firm performance: knowledge management in small firms

This study aims to examine the relationships between managerial learning as a facet of knowledge absorption (KA), firm innovation as a facet of knowledge exploitation (KE), and performance of small firms (i.e., firms with fewer than 50 employees). It builds on the knowledge-based view of the firm and the upper echelons theory to describe the effects of KA on KE, and that of KE on firm performance, in the small-firm context. Using survey data of 1441 small firms in New Zealand, the study applies a partial least squares approach to structural equation modelling to test the main hypotheses of the study. The main findings show the positive and significant effects of three types of managerial learning, namely, practice-based, proximal, and distal learning, on innovation and on innovation in firm performance. However, the curvilinear relationships suggest rather that the effects are finite and, potentially, confounded by factors unaccounted for in the models.     

Chemistry for whom? Gender awareness in teaching and learning chemistry

Marie Ståhl and Anita Hussénius have defined what discourses dominate national tests in chemistry for Grade 9 in Sweden by using feminist, critical didactic perspectives. This response seeks to expand the results in Ståhl and Hussénius’s article Chemistry inside an epistemological community box!—Discursive exclusions and inclusions in the Swedish national tests in chemistry, by using different facets of gender awareness. The first facet—Gender awareness in relations to the test designers’ own conceptions—highlighted how the gender order where women are subordinated men becomes visible in the national tests as a consequence of the test designers internalized conceptions. The second facet—Gender awareness in relation to chemistry—discussed the hierarchy between discourses within chemistry. The third facet—Gender awareness in relation to students—problematized chemistry in relation to the students’ identity formation. In summary, I suggest that the different discourses can open up new ways to interpret chemistry and perhaps dismantle the hegemonic chemistry discourse.     

论中国古代藏书楼的文化意义

藏书楼是藏书活动的建筑载体,是我国传统文化的重要标志之一。中国古代藏书楼在其命名、建筑设计、空间布局和环境建设等方面独具特征,而这些特征的产生既有主观原因,也有客观原因。藏书楼对我国传统文化的传承和保护起到了重要作用,应该对现存藏书楼加以大力保护。     

A general approximation framework for direct optimization of information retrieval measures

Recently direct optimization of information retrieval (IR) measures has become a new trend in learning to rank. In this paper, we propose a general framework for direct optimization of IR measures, which enjoys several theoretical advantages. The general framework, which can be used to optimize most IR measures, addresses the task by approximating the IR measures and optimizing the approximated surrogate functions. Theoretical analysis shows that a high approximation accuracy can be achieved by the framework. We take average precision (AP) and normalized discounted cumulated gains (NDCG) as examples to demonstrate how to realize the proposed framework. Experiments on benchmark datasets show that the algorithms deduced from our framework are very effective when compared to existing methods. The empirical results also agree well with the theoretical results obtained in the paper.     

基于四类数据源的情报学发展动向之计量分析——国内情报学研究重点2005年度回顾与展望

文章以国家社会科学基金项目、国家自然科学基金项目、情报学硕士生研究方向、情报学核心期刊论文为数据源,运用基于词频统计的内容分析法分别计量、界定、分析了四类数据源所表征的2005年国内情报学研究重点,进而得到了研究重点的一致性知识管理、信息检索、信息服务、信息资源管理、信息技术、企业.文章还对未来几年国内情报学研究重点的发展态势做了简单分析.     

新世纪中国农村教育--对问题·原因·对策的探究

本文通过对新世纪中国农村教育存在的问题和原因研究,从管理体制、投入机制、发展格局、队伍建设、手段创新和保障措施等方面,提出了解决问题的基本思路,尤其是将农村社会保障制度建设引入农村教育发展的研究之中,提出农村义务教育应该坚持"以县为主"的管理体制和"以中央和省为主"的投入机制,这种关联思考和"错位"配置,适应我国的二元经济结构,对于推进我国农村教育的改革与发展具有重要意义.     

Motion characteristics of novel floating foundation for offshore wind turbine

A novel floating foundation to support the NREL offshore 5 MW wind turbine was designed conceptually by combining the characteristics of barge and Spar. The main focus was structural design and hydrodynamic modelling. Based on this novel floating foundation, the hydrodynamic performance was investigated in the frequency domain and time domain by using the wave analysis software HydroD and DeepC from Det Norske Veritas. The frequency domain analysis was conducted to investigate the effects of the incident wave angle and water depth. The time-domain analysis was carried out to evaluate the response of the floating foundation under a selected operational condition. The hydrodynamic performances of this floating foundation with respect to time series and response spectra were also investigated in this study.     

Particle contamination, the disruption of electronic connectors in the signal transmission system

Particle pollution in air, also sometimes known as fine dust contamination, may cause electric contact failure. Recent research further proved that the fine particle is becoming a major disruption of the electronic connectors in signal transmission system. This paper specifies the connector contact in mobile phone application. To study the contact failure of mobile phone, a series of inspections and analytical research methods are introduced. Special features that cause the contact failure are summarized. Particle accumulation is the main problem; organic material such as lactates from sweat of the human body may act as adhesives to stick the separate particles together and make them adhere on the contact surface; chemical properties of dust cause serious local corrosion. The corrosion products may trap the particles and firmly attach on the contact surface; micro motion frequently occurs at the contact interface. Hard particle can be embedded into the surface, and soft particle could be squeezed and inserted into the contact; silicon compounds in dust play the most important role in forming high resistance regions that lead to failure; deposition of particles depends on the amount of materials, static electricity attracting force and gravity force applied on the particles. Current dust test can hardly reflect the serious contact failure. It is difficult to simulate the complexity of contact failure caused by particle contamination. Thus alternative ways of simulation experiment and improvement of contact reliability are proposed.