Catholic women educators’ discourse and educational measurement in the early twentieth century in the United States

ABSTRACT

In the early twentieth century in the United States, Roman Catholic schools grew in number and became increasingly regulated by state departments of education. This led to the increased influence of public school reform movements in Catholic schools. Some Catholic educators questioned these movements, while others embraced them. Educational measurement strategies, such as IQ and standardised testing, gained support from women religious orders and congregations, who made up the majority of the Catholic teaching force. For pragmatic reasons, they saw some value in the promises of modern educational science for teaching and learning. This practice, however, put them at odds with some of the beliefs and values of their Church. This study demonstrates how Catholic sister teachers attempted to shape the debate on the introduction and use of reform strategies like IQ and standardised testing. It also examines how Catholic sister teachers made use of Catholic beliefs and values to make arguments in favour of IQ and standardised testing in Catholic schools. Using agreed upon Catholic religious tenets and working within their gendered reality, Catholic sister teachers demonstrated how they tried to convince their colleagues, male and female, to come to an understanding around the use of educational measurement.     

对中国赛艇现有竞赛体制改革的设想

阐述了中国赛艇竞赛体制的历史由来 ,对中国现有赛艇竞赛体制的利弊进行了分析 ,并就世纪之交的中国赛艇竞赛体制改革提出了自己的构想 ,供有关决策部门参考     

Relationships between reading profiles and narrative writing abilities in school-age children with autism spectrum disorder

Reading and Writing - Reading and writing are distinct skill areas that influence each other across development. Children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) are noted to exhibit challenges in both...     

叶丝气流式膨胀过程参数优化研究

针对叶丝气流式膨胀生产及应用过程中存在的造碎严重和耐加工性差等问题,采用正交试验法对工艺参数进行优化研究,系统分析各参数对烟丝膨胀质量的影响。结果表明,在入口叶丝水分28%、燃烧炉温235℃、回风蒸汽流量220kg/h时,有助于提高气流式膨胀出口叶丝填充值,降低造碎,提高其耐加工性能。     

The Changing Corporate Mind: Organizations,Vision, Missions,Purposes, and Indicators on the Move Toward Societal Payoffs

Where are the world's organizations headed? What do they see as their primary destination and contribution? What do they commit to deliver and to whom? How rigorous are they in defining their destinations? What label do they use to describe statements of their intended future? To find the answers to these and other questions, we examined 26 of the leading organizations internationally as well as 60 leading organizations in the United States. Based on this sample of world organizations, we found indications that many organizations see some aspect of societal good as basic to their future, while many others regard their own organization's well-being as what is most important. We find no clear favorite for what organizations label their statements of purpose: most use “mission” while some use “vision,” and some use “values” or “philosophy.” Few of the organizations in our sample state their intended destination in measurable performance terms. From these data, we discuss the implications in terms of an increasing emphasis in the literature on organizations having to deliver outputs that contribute to external clients and society. We also note that purpose statements must be accompanied by appropriate actions to achieve those intentions. In addition, we discuss how this move toward socially-responsive organizations is impacting the role of the performance technologist.     

再论信息系统战略规划方法的分类及组合策略

通过回顾传统的信息系统战略规划方法的分类标准,提出以信息系统战略规划动机为依据的分类方法,分析了当前信息系统战略规划方法存在的主要问题,指出新一代规划方法的特征和开发的艰难性。作为一种折中方案,探讨了信息系统战略规划方法组合策略中所碰到的一些问题。