抗战中陈嘉庚的西北之行

在甘肃省档案馆所藏民国档案中,有一纸1940年5月13日甘肃省政府秘书处为欢迎陈嘉庚飞抵兰州事致甘肃省银行的函,内容如下:迳启者:奉司令长官兼主席手谕"华侨慰劳团陈团长嘉庚(同行三人)于明日(十四日)飞兰,所有兰州各机关首领或代表应莅场(飞机场)欢迎"等因;除由本府派员招待并分函外,相应函达,即希查照为荷。     

Effects of Mass and Interpersonal Communication on Breast Cancer Screening: Advancing Agenda-Setting Theory in Health Contexts

Drawing on components of agenda-setting theory and the two-step flow of information from mass media to news audiences, this study examines the effects of mass and interpersonal communication on breast cancer screening practices among college- and middle-aged women (n = 284). We theorized that screening behaviors among younger women would be influenced more by interpersonal sources of information while screening among middle-aged women would be more influenced by exposure to mass-mediated information. Findings supported anticipated patterns, revealing important and varying roles for both mass and interpersonal communication in the health behaviors of women. Implications for health practitioners and campaign planners, as well as recommendations for future research, are discussed.     

搜索引擎的技术现状及其发展趋势

介绍了基于文本信息检索的搜索引擎分类和基于内容的多媒体信息检索的搜索引擎技术现状 ,并介绍了每种技术类型的特点。通过分析应用需求、技术发展的现状和遇到的技术问题 ,预测了搜索引擎的发展趋势。     

A study of clinical questions posed by hospital clinicians.

OBJECTIVE: This article presents the results of complementary research studies on the behaviors of hospital clinicians in asking clinical questions and the relationship between asking of questions, outcome of information searches, and success in problem solving. METHODS: Triangulation in research methods--a combination of mailed questionnaires, interviews, and a randomized controlled study--was employed to provide complementary views of the research problems under study. RESULTS: The survey and interviews found that clinical problems (concerned mainly with therapy and equipment or technology) were expressed as statements rather than questions (average number of concepts = 1.7), that only slightly more than half (higher for doctors) of problems could be solved, and that the majority of clinical questions were not well formed. An educational workshop however improved clinicians' formulation of questions, but the use of structured prompting was found to improve building of hypotheses in the doctors' group without training. The workshop also improved satisfaction with the obtained information and success in problem solving. Nonetheless, for both the experimental and control groups, more structured and complete questions or statements did not mean higher success rates in problem solving or higher satisfaction with obtained information. CONCLUSION: The triangulation methods have gathered complementary evidence to reject the hypothesis that building well-structured clinical questions would mean higher satisfaction with obtained information and higher success in problem solving.     

Why Users Share the News: A Theory of Reasoned Action-Based Study on the Antecedents of News-Sharing Behavior

Social media have become an integral part of online news use, affecting how individuals find, consume, and share news. By applying the Theory of Reasoned Action (TRA), this study investigates the effects of motives, attitude, and intention on news-sharing behavior among German social media users (n = 333). Findings show that news-sharing attitude and subjective norms have a positive effect on news-sharing intention, which in turn has a positive effect on actual news-sharing behavior. Taken together, we see that a new media behavior in the early phases of its societal diffusion—like social media news sharing in Germany in 2015—can mainly be explained by a rational choice logic and is rooted in the motives of socializing and information seeking. This finding thus reflects the double nature of social media as a means for both information retrieval and social grooming.     

Van der Waals superlatticesOA

<正>Semiconductor technology has enabled many essential devices,including transistors for computing and communication,diodes for solid-state lighting and photovoltaics.Behind all these devices,the material foundation is a series of highly elaborated heterostructures and superlattices[1].To this end,integrating different materials into heterostructures or superlattices with well-defined spatial modulation of chemical compositions and electronic structures is central for generating designed e...     

Photonic orbital angular momentum with controllable orientation

Vortices are whirling disturbances, commonly found in nature, ranging from tremendously small scales in Bose-Einstein condensations to cosmologically colossal scales in spiral galaxies. An optical vortex, generally associated with a spiral phase, can carry orbital angular momentum (OAM). The optical OAM can either be in the longitudinal direction if the spiral phase twists in the spatial domain or in the transverse direction if the phase rotates in the spatiotemporal domain. In this article, we demonstrate the intersection of spatiotemporal vortices and spatial vortices in a wave packet. As a result of this intersection, the wave packet hosts a tilted OAM that provides an additional degree of freedom to the applications that harness the OAM of photons.     

信息化水平测度指标体系理论研究述评

本文主要从信息经济和信息社会角度,对国内外主要的信息化水平测度指标体系的形成理论和指标设计进行评述,指出这些指标体系的合理性和不足之处,进而提出信息化水平测度指标体系构建的理论基础以及选取指标时需要注意的问题。