Activity of Prefrontal Cortex in Teachers and Students during Teaching of an Insight Problem

Metacognitive functions are important for both teachers and students to facilitate teaching and learning. The prefrontal cortex (PFC) plays a proven role in metacognition. As a pilot study, we evaluated the PFC activity of teachers and students using near‐infrared spectroscopy devices to explore the neural mechanism of PFC underlying metacognitive function during teaching and problem‐solving processes. In 14 student‐teacher pairs, participants in the teacher role gave hints via a tablet screen to facilitate solving of a tangram puzzle task by participants in the student role. The PFC activity of teachers increased after giving hints but not while planning hints. The PFC activity of students increased upon task solving after receiving hints. The PFC of teachers might play a metacognitive role in monitoring their own teaching results. The PFC activity of students might be related to the creativity process after gaining insights, as well as metacognitive process for monitoring their own behavior.     

Next Steps for Mind,Brain, and Education: Strengthening Early‐Career Development

An increasing number of scholars are being trained in the field of mind, brain, and education (MBE), yet discussions of trainees' needs and how to meet them are rare. We, the inaugural International Mind, Brain, and Education Society (IMBES) Trainee Board, identify three broad needs of MBE trainees: guidance and support, greater access to and connections among the MBE community, and professional development. We report a first step to address these needs: a daylong trainee conference, which included sessions to foster connections among trainees, provide mentorship from MBE leaders, and provide knowledge and skill building for careers. Attendees' survey results suggest the conference successfully supported trainees' development. As substantial trainee needs remain, we offer specific ways that principal investigators, institutions, funding agencies, future IMBES trainee boards, and the MBE community can further address trainees' needs to support early‐career development and strengthen the MBE field generally.     

中学体育课堂教学中准备活动的新尝试

准备活动是体育教学过程中的重要组成部分,正确地认识准备活动的作用,合理地选择安排准备活动的形式、内容和时间,才能有效地提高体育教学的效果和教学质量,并且有利于学生学习和掌握体育基本知识、技术和技能。     

论债务危机背景下欧盟与“金砖四国”的双边经济关系

欧洲债务危机的爆发,使欧盟与＂金砖四国＂的双边贸易额迅速下降,影响了两区域间的贸易结合系数,特别是欧盟与中国的贸易结合度也大幅下降。但是,这对于＂金砖四国＂的一部分出口企业却是一个很好的市场机会,有利于它们打开欧洲内部的高端市场。而从欧盟与＂金砖四国＂的双边资本流动来看,债务危机令这两个区域得到的投资资金急剧下降,这不利于各自的经济增长。     

普洱市教育向周边三国辐射的战略研究

边境民族教育向周边国家的辐射不仅是＂国家较实力＂发展和构建和谐社会的需要,也是邻国的迫切需求,普洱市与缅甸、老挝、越南三国接壤,具有得天独厚的区位优势。在调查分析普洱市与周边三国教育现状及交流的基础上,提出了普洱市加快对外汉语推广的策略与思考。     

基于新课程的物理课堂教学评价体系的完善

对物理课堂教学评价进行理论分析,从课堂教学评价的含义、传统课堂教学评价存在的问题、新课程下课堂教学评价的理念、制定课堂教学评价体系的原则几方面进行了阐述,并结合新课程下中学物理教学特点制定了课堂教学综合评价体系表,尝试对中学物理课堂教学进行试评。     

浅谈文化遗产保护的整体观

目前,我国文化遗产保护存在着文保意识淡漠、文化遗产保护与城建矛盾突出,以及文保技术力量与人员不足等问题,有效做好文化遗产保护工作,必须在全社会树立文化遗产保护的整体观。文化遗产保护的整体观,涵盖对传统文化遗产的发掘与研究、宣传与教育、修复与保护、利用与传承等诸多方面,它们互相影响,缺一不可。     

我国城市化进程中农村剩余劳动力转移与职业教育发展研究

农村剩余劳动力的转移深刻影响着我国的城市化进程。在城市化进程中,转移劳动力对接受职业教育具有较强的迫切性,也对职业教育的发展提出了一定要求。为有效促进我国农村剩余劳动力的转移,需要深入探讨职业教育适应我国城市化进程中剩余劳动力转移的基本策略。