CIDE gene expression in adipose tissue,liver, and skeletal muscle from obese and lean pigs

The expression of the cell death-inducing DNA fragmentation factor α-like effector (CIDE) family including Cidea, Cideb, and Cidec was significantly increased in mouse and human models of obesity. However, there was less information on these genes’ expression in pigs. Here, we hypothesized that different fat accumulation between lean (Duroc×Landrace×Yorkshire gilts, DLY) and obese (Lantang) pigs was attributed to porcine CIDE-modulating lipid metabolism. Our data showed that Cidea and Cidec were expressed at a high level in adipose tissue, and at a relatively high level in skeletal muscle, whereas Cideb was mainly expressed in the liver in both breeds of pig. Lantang pigs had higher white adipose and skeletal muscle Cidea and Cidec mRNA abundance, and hepatic and muscle Cideb mRNA than DLY pigs. Lipid metabolism-related genes including sterol regulatory element binding protein 1c (SREBP-1c), hepatocyte nuclear factor-4α (HNF-4α), peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ coactivator-1α (PGC-1α), fatty acid synthase (FASN), diacylglycerol O-acyltransferase 1 (DGAT1), and DGAT2 showed a higher expression level in adipose tissue from obese pigs than in that from lean pigs. Lantang pigs exhibited higher mRNA abundance for liver SREBP-1c, HNF-4α, and PGC-1α, and higher skeletal muscle SREBP-1c, HNF-4α, PGC-1α, and DGAT2 expression, as compared with DLY pigs. However, the perlipin2 mRNA levels in adipose tissues, liver, and skeletal muscle were significantly lower in obese pigs than in their lean counterparts. Furthermore, plasma non-esterified fatty acid (NEFA), glucose, and triacylglycerol (TAG) levels were greater in obese pigs than in lean pigs. Finally, data from correlation analysis further found that CIDE mRNA expression was positively correlated with back fat thickness (BFT), abdominal fat mass (AFM), and the levels of NEFA, TAG, and glucose in the two breeds. Collectively, these data revealed that the porcine CIDEs possibly modulated lipid metabolism and contributed to the development of fat deposition and obesity in Lantang pigs.     

随机变量序列的分布函数的性质

随机变量的分布函数完全描述了随机变量取值的概率规律,因此研究分布函数的性质具有十分重要的意义,讨论一维连续实随机变量序列的分布函数的一些性质。     

论道德对社会主义市场经济的影响和作用

道德与社会主义市场经济有着非常紧密的联系。道德对社会主义市场经济的发展具有持久和深刻的影响。完善的道德体系,是社会主义市场经济发展的基础。道德进步是推进精神明建设,促进社会主义市场经济发展的关键所在。道德能够对市场经济进行调整,是市场经济的“软”规则。要实现道德进步与社会主义市场经济发展的统一,必须加强社会主义道德建设。     

教育市场化刍议

本文对市场经济条件下教育能否实行市场化进行了探讨,认为教育可以实行市场化,但不能完全市场化,应该区别对待,并进一步提出相应的策略。     

市场驱动--我国高等教育改革发展的鲜明特征

10多年的高等教育改革贯穿了一条清晰的主线 :以市场为导向 ,以市场为标准来发展和检验我国的高等教育。本文分析了促使高等教育面向市场的客观环境 ,探讨了市场经济基本原则在高教中的广泛运用和市场驱动的两层含义     

论网络教育的利弊与完善

本文将网络教育界定为信息化带动的教育工业化实践，认为其优势与缺陷同出一源，都来自网络教育的工业化提供方式和“四大分离”固有特性，并在此基础上提出了扬长避短的五项完善措施。     

对建筑力学教学内容改革的几点体会

根据目前高等教育中建筑力学课程的课时压缩情况 ,介绍作者对建筑力学教学内容改革的几点体会     

马克思对自然科学唯心主义的批评——马克思当代性之一维

马克思的当代性在理论和实践上有多方面的表现，而马克思对自然科学的唯心主义性质的批评，则是他的当代性的重要一维，从马克思的感性实践观出发合理把握马克思哲学的这一维度，对全面理解马克思的当代性将大有裨益。     

浅谈高职教育应对入世挑战方略

2001年，我国加入WTO，成为世界贸易组织的成员国。这一瞩世之举，将对我国进—步扩大开放，深化经济体制改革和政治体制改革，加快发展，增强竞争力，注入新的活力，同时，为我国高等教育、高等职业教育的发展提供难得的历史性机遇和强劲的推动力。近几年，我国高等职业教育迅速发展，可谓异军突起。从办学规模上看，高等职业教育在校生人数占全国高校在校生总数的一半以上，     

Numerical investigation of cavitating flow behind the cone of a poppet valve in water hydraulic system

Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) simulations of cavitating flow through water hydraulic poppet valves were performed using advanced RNGk-epsilon turbulence model. The flow was turbulent, incompressible and unsteady, for Reynolds numbers greater than 43000. The working fluid was water, and the structure of the valve was simplified as a two dimensional axisymmetric geometrical model. Flow field visualization was numerically achieved. The effects of inlet velocity, outlet pressure, opening size as well as poppet angle on cavitation intensity in the poppet valve were numerically investigated. Experimental flow visualization was conducted to capture cavitation images near the orifice in the poppet valve with 30° poppet angle using high speed video camera. The binary cavitating flow field distribution obtained from digital processing of the original cavitation image showed a good agreement with the numerical result. Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 59835160) and Scientific Research Foundation for Returned Overseas Chinese Scholars, State Education Ministry of China (No. 50175097)