Potassium-ion batteries (KIBs) are considered the next powerful potential generation energy storage system because of substantial potassium resource availability and similar characteristics with lithium. Unfortunately, the actual application of KIBs is inferior to that of lithium-ion batteries (LIBs), in which the finite energy density, ordinary circular life, and underdeveloped fabrication technique dominate the key constraints. Various works have recently been directed to growing novel anode electrodes with superior electrochemical capability. Noticeably, metals/metal oxides materials (e.g., Sb, Sn, Zn, SnO2, and MoO2) have been widely investigated as KIBs anodes because of high theoretical capacity, suggesting outstanding promise for high-energy KIBs. In this review, the latest research of metals/metal oxides electrodes for potassium storage is summarized. The major strategies to control the electrochemical property of metals/metal oxides electrodes are discussed. Finally, the future investigation foreground for these anode electrodes has been proposed.
By resorting to the vector space structure of finite games, skew-symmetric games (SSGs) are proposed and investigated as a natural subspace of finite games. First of all, for two player games, it is shown that the skew-symmetric games form an orthogonal complement of the symmetric games. Then for a general SSG its linear representation is given, which can be used to verify whether a finite game is skew-symmetric. Furthermore, some properties of SSGs are also obtained in the light of its vector subspace structure. Finally, a symmetry-based decomposition of finite games is proposed, which consists of three mutually orthogonal subspaces: symmetric subspace, skew-symmetric subspace and asymmetric subspace. An illustrative example is presented to demonstrate this decomposition. 相似文献