失真的镜像——对优酷视频中“城管vs.商贩”冲突的内容分析

在当今媒体话语和公众舆论中,城管与商贩已经被分别固化为野蛮霸道的执法者与无辜弱小的受害人的刻板印象。但通过对优酷网近200个用户自生产的"城管-商贩冲突"相关视频的内容分析,却得出了与人们日常认知截然相反的结论。城管和商贩作为冲突发起者的比例相似,但城管在冲突过程中往往占据主导位置。城管会在人数明显占优的情况下率先挑起冲突,以徒手攻击为主要手段,多将冲突控制在身体冲突层面。商贩会在与城管人数相近的情况下率先发难,且一旦商贩挑起冲突,其主导冲突过程的可能性就成倍增加,使用危险器械和随机工具的比例也成倍增加,冲突导致流血和死亡的可能性也大幅度增长。网民对"城管-商贩冲突"的内容生产和传播主要体现为猎奇式围观而非普世性关照。     

网络环境下图书馆模因传播特点及其信息加工认知过程初探

模因论对人类文化进化有强大的解释力。模因的复制和传播为丰富人类知识提供了有效途径,也为图书馆研究提供了一种新的思路。介绍了模因和模因论的基本内涵,阐释了图书馆模因传播的三个特点：模仿、复制、创新。最后运用模因同化、记忆、表达和传播的四阶段周期理论为图书馆模因信息加工过程提供了认知理据。     

简论中国民族民间舞蹈艺术对培养大学生和谐审美观的作用

中国民族民间舞蹈艺术是中华民族的舞蹈风格及特点形成的根基,了解我国民族舞蹈艺术的和谐美,有利于大学生继承和发扬我国优秀的民族舞蹈艺术,塑造大学生正确和谐的审美情趣,弘扬我国优秀的民族文化。从民族民间舞蹈艺术有助于大学生感受独特的动作和谐美,领悟丰富的情感和谐美,体会多彩的生活和谐美三个方面研究中国民族民间舞蹈艺术教育对培养大学生和谐审美观的作用,使每一位大学生在追求真、善、美的和谐统一中实现自我完善的人生价值。     

科技期刊离大众传播有多远——从学术论文到科学新闻

科学普及是科技期刊重要的社会功能。公众科学素养的提升、信息需求的不断增长以及传播渠道的日益畅达,为科技期刊大众传播创造了有利条件。学术论文改写为科学新闻,有利于科研成果的推广及转化、期刊学术影响力的扩大及公众科学素养的提升。以一篇医学论文为例,探讨科学新闻素材及体裁的选择方法,并从新闻标题、新闻导语、新闻主体、新闻背景和新闻结语5个方面阐述如何将原论文改写为科学新闻,讨论了科学新闻的发布平台及传播效果。     

Effect of epidermal growth factor on follicle-stimulating hormone-induced proliferation of granulosa cells from chicken prehierarchical follicles

The development of ovarian follicular cells is controlled by multiple circulating and local hormones and factors, including follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) and epidermal growth factor (EGF). In this study, the stage-specific effect of EGF on FSH-induced proliferation of granulosa cells was evaluated in the ovarian follicles of egg-laying chickens. Results showed that EGF and its receptor (EGFR) mRNAs displayed a high expression in granulosa cells from the prehierarchical follicles, including the large white follicle (LWF) and small yellow follicle (SYF), and thereafter the expression decreased markedly to the stage of the largest preovulatory follicle. SYF represents a turning point of EGF/EGFR mRNA expression during follicle selection. Subsequently the granulosa cells from SYF were cultured to reveal the mediation of EGF in FSH action. Cell proliferation was remarkably increased by treatment with either EGF or FSH (0.1–100 ng/ml). This result was confirmed by elevated proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) expression and decreased cell apoptosis. Furthermore, EGF-induced cell proliferation was accompanied by increased mRNA expressions of EGFR, FSH receptor, and the cell cycle-regulating genes (cyclins D1 and E1, cyclin-dependent kinases 2 and 6) as well as decreased expression of luteinizing hormone receptor mRNA. However, the EGF or FSH-elicited effect was reversed by simultaneous treatment with an EGFR inhibitor AG1478. In conclusion, EGF and EGFR expressions manifested stage-specific changes during follicular development and EGF mediated FSH-induced cell proliferation and retarded cell differentiation in the prehierarchical follicles. These expressions thus stimulated follicular growth before selection in the egg-laying chicken.     

盾构法隧道施工各阶段监理工作要点综述

随着盾构技术在隧道工程施工中的广泛应用,对盾构法施工实施监理也显得越来越重要。文中阐述了盾构施工各阶段的监理工作中监理工程师应熟悉和掌握的质量控制重点。     

从藏品到展品，从沉默者到讲述者——科学博物馆藏品向展品的转化模式与传播效果分析

现代科学博物馆与传统珍品收藏所的根本区别之一,即“藏品转化为展品”。对于科学博物馆来说,其展览品质和功能的实现,很大程度上取决于藏品转化为展品的深度和质量。通过理论研究和实践分析,笔者提出“图文转化”“多媒体转化”“机械与机电互动转化”和“叙事场景转化”四种藏品向展品的转化模式,旨在充分激活藏品功能,挖掘出其中的信息内涵并呈现给观众,最终实现展品展陈及博物馆教育的多重价值。     

博物馆参与式展览中的国家精神价值阐释——以新加坡游乐场(1930-2030)主题特展为例

新加坡国家博物馆的“当我们同在一起:新加坡的游乐场(1930-2030)”展览,以新加坡游乐场的发展历史为叙述主线,将知识宣教与参与式体验相结合,其立意并不限于游乐场自身的形式与设计之变迁,而将游乐场作为一种公共空间和社群交往的媒介,呼唤新加坡人重建社区认同,并以之助力于国民性之塑造。它也使我们得以思考,国家与社会倡导的核心价值观融入展览制作的策略性方式。     

Lumped parameter model for resonant frequency estimation of a thermoacoustic engine with gas-liquid coupling oscillation

Gas-liquid coupling oscillation is a novel approach to reducing the resonant frequency and to elevating the pressure amplitude of a thermoacoustic engine. If a thermoacoustic engine is used to drive low-frequency pulse tube refrigerators, the frequency matching between the thermoacoustic engine and the refrigerator plays an important role. Based on an acoustic-electric analogy, a lumped parameter model is proposed to estimate the resonant frequency of a standing-wave thermoacoustic engine with gas-liquid coupling oscillation. Furthermore, a simplified lumped parameter model is also developed to reduce the computation complexity. The resonant frequency dependence on the mean pressure, the gas space volume, and the water column length is computed and analyzed. The impact of different working gases on the resonant frequency is also discussed. The effectiveness of the models is validated by comparing the computed results with the experimental data of the gas-liquid coupling oscillation system. An increase in the mean working pressure can lead to a rise in the resonant frequency, and a lower resonant frequency can be achieved by elongating the liquid column. In comparison with nitrogen and argon, carbon dioxide can realize a lower frequency due to a smaller specific heat ratio.     

谈加强中职学校英语实践教学

加大中等职业学校英语学科实践教学力度是深化中职教学改革的一项内容,针对中等职业学校学生学习英语的现状,在创新理念的基础上,有针对性地提出丰富实践教学的方法和对策,旨在改善英语教学质量,提高学生学习兴趣,以促进学生英语口语和应用能力的不断提升。