Extraterrestrial artificial photosynthetic materials for in-situ resource utilization

Aerospace milestones in human history, including returning to the moon and manned Martian missions, have been implemented in recent years. Space exploration has become one of the global common goals, and to ensure the survival and development of human beings in the extraterrestrial extreme environment has been becoming the basic ability and technology of manned space exploration. For the purpose of fulfilling the goal of extraterrestrial survival, researchers in Nanjing University and the China Academy of Space Technology proposed extraterrestrial artificial photosynthesis (EAP) technology. By simulating the natural photosynthesis of green plants on the Earth, EAP converts CO₂/H₂O into fuel and O₂ in an in-situ, accelerated and controllable manner by using waste CO₂ in the confined space of spacecraft, or abundant CO₂ resources in extraterrestrial celestial environments, e.g. Mars. Thus, the material loading of manned spacecraft can be greatly reduced to support affordable and sustainable deep space exploration. In this paper, EAP technology is compared with existing methods of converting CO₂/H₂O into fuel and O₂ in the aerospace field, especially the Sabatier method and Bosch reduction method. The research progress of possible EAP materials for in-situ utilization of extraterrestrial resources are also discussed in depth. Finally, this review lists the challenges that the EAP process may encounter, which need to be focused on for future implementation and application. We expect to deepen the understanding of artificial photosynthetic materials and technologies, and aim to strongly support the development of manned spaceflight.     

A defensive mindset: A pattern of social information processing that develops early and predicts life course outcomes

The hypothesis was tested that some children develop a defensive mindset that subsumes individual social information processing (SIP) steps, grows from early experiences, and guides long-term outcomes. In Study 1 (Fast Track [FT]), 463 age-5 children (45% girls; 43% Black) were first assessed in 1991 and followed through age 32 (83% retention). In Study 2 (Child Development Project [CDP]), 585 age-5 children (48% girls, 17% Black) were first assessed in 1987 and followed through age 34 (78% retention). In both studies, measures were collected of early adverse experiences, defensive mindset and SIP, and adult outcomes. Across both studies, a robust latent construct of school-age defensive mindset was validated empirically (comparative fit index = .99 in each study) and found to mediate the impact of early child abuse (38% in FT and 29% in CDP of total effect) and peer social rejection (14% in FT and 7% in CDP of total effect) on adult incarceration.     

An investigation of citizenship construction among students in higher education: a Foucauldian perspective

Higher Education - This study, adopting the Foucauldian lenses of citizenship, investigates how a group of students understand the prevailing social discourses and how such understanding and...     

Language and reading impairments are associated with increased prevalence of non-right-handedness

Handedness has been studied for association with language-related disorders because of its link with language hemispheric dominance. No clear pattern has emerged, possibly because of small samples, publication bias, and heterogeneous criteria across studies. Non-right-handedness (NRH) frequency was assessed in N = 2503 cases with reading and/or language impairment and N = 4316 sex-matched controls identified from 10 distinct cohorts (age range 6–19 years old; European ethnicity) using a priori set criteria. A meta-analysis (N_cases = 1994) showed elevated NRH % in individuals with language/reading impairment compared with controls (OR = 1.21, CI = 1.06–1.39, p = .01). The association between reading/language impairments and NRH could result from shared pathways underlying brain lateralization, handedness, and cognitive functions.     

移动终端上文献管理工具的比较研究

文献管理工具是一种可以有效提高科研工作者学习研究效率的软件,移动终端上的文献管理工具将用户从PC中解脱出来,让用户可以随时随地阅读、管理参考文献.论文选取五款典型的移动终端上的文献管理工具,采用ISO/IEC9126-2000模型,分别从功能性、效率性、易用性、可移植性四个方面进行比较.最后,针对比较结果,指出目前移动终端的文献参考工具具有网络搜索功能薄弱、共享方式少、检索方式单一和书目信息导出方面的功能缺失等不足.     

图书馆联盟环境下学科服务构思——基于嵌入性理论的视角

泛在知识环境下,现代图书馆开展嵌入式学科服务成为必然发展趋势.论文基于嵌入性理论,对高校图书馆联盟构建机制以及嵌入式学科服务的开展进行探讨,认为高校图书馆联盟应以用户需求为核心,协同合作,构建统一的学科服务平台,协同培育用户驾驭知识、运用知识和创新知识的智慧能力.     

应重视《新华文摘》在宣传图书馆学思想和理论方面的作用

图书馆学思想和理论“走出去”的意识不强.这种现状应引起重视.图书馆学发展需要更多与更好的传播渠道.二次文献《新华文摘》是宣传图书馆学思想的重要渠道之一,被它关注是提升图书馆学话语权的重要途径之一.部分图书馆学文章被《新华文摘》关注,有其合理性.图书馆学文章被《新华文摘》关注度低,说明图书馆学界自身存在较多问题.图书馆学界应解决这些问题,以期更多的图书馆学思想和理论被《新华文摘》关注,从而达到更好地宣传图书馆学思想和理论的目的.     

四旋翼飞行器控制系统研究

本文着重就四旋翼飞行器控制系统的硬件组成、结构和软件算法进行研究。介绍了四旋翼飞行器的组成结构和飞行原理,包括四旋翼飞行器的优势和特点以及今后的应用领域;讨论了控制系统的硬件组成结构及其特点,如主控制器MCU芯片的选择、所需传感器种类的确定、数据传输模块的设计和硬件通信协议的分析;研究了姿态解算的方法,包括捷联惯导系统、姿态解算的四元数方法、互补滤波;研究了四旋翼飞行器的控制方法,采用了经典的PID控制方法,设计偏航、俯仰、滚转的三路并行PID控制器。     

“情景导入，项目导学”在汽车电器与电子设备维修课程中的设计

在汽车电器与电子设备维修教学中,学生需要理解和把握课程要求的知识和技能,培养分析问题和解决问题的思想和方法。本文结合汽车电器与电子设备维修课程的特点,提出“情景导入,项目导学”的教学设计,进一步完善和提高教学模式和教学方法。     

Further result on H∞ filter design for continuous-time Markovian jump systems with time-varying delay

This paper investigates the problem of _H∞$H_{\infty }$ filtering for Markovian jump linear systems with time-varying delay. The aim of this problem is to design an _H∞$H_{\infty }$ filter that ensures stochastic stability of the filtering error system and a prescribed L₂-induced gain from the noise signals to the estimation error, for all admissible uncertainties. For solving the problem, we transform the system under consideration into an interconnection system. Based on the system transformation and the stochastic scaled small gain theorem, stochastic stability of the original system is examined via the stochastic stability version of the bounded realness of the transformed forward system. The merit of the proposed approach lies in its reduced conservatism, which is made possible by a precise approximation of the time-varying delay and the stochastic scaled small gain theorem. The proposed _H∞$H_{\infty }$ filtering condition is demonstrated to be less conservative than most existing results. Moreover, the _H∞$H_{\infty }$ filter design condition is further presented via convex optimizations, whose effectiveness are also illustrated via numerical examples.