China-Europe Higher Education Cooperation: Opportunities and Challenges

This article introduces Frontiers of Education in China’s special issue on China-Europe higher education cooperation. It is more than simply an introduction to the five studies collected for the special issue. Rather, it provides an overview of higher education cooperation between China and Europe from the perspective of opportunities and challenges. Such background information will help readers not only better understand the studies included in the special issue, but also link these studies to a bigger picture of China-Europe higher education cooperation.     

高原体外循环心内直视手术围手术期的护理体会

我科于2001年6月～9日在第二军区大学长海医院和沈阳军区总医院的协助下成功地为26例先天性心脏病病人施行了手术治疗,疗效满意.现将26例手术病人围手术期的护理体会如下:     

知识社会发展中芬兰博士生教育改革：动因、举措与成效

基于文献梳理和政策文本分析,探究了2011—2021年间芬兰博士生教育改革的动因、举措与成效。2011年以来,在国内需求和国际影响等动因驱动下,芬兰大学采取了一系列改革措施,包括建立博士生院、推动在地国际化、提升博士生就业技能、完善质量保障体系、缩短博士生毕业年限等,以加强博士生管理,提升博士生教育与知识社会需求的衔接。芬兰的博士生教育改革是欧洲博士生教育改革的缩影,也体现了新公共管理理念在高等教育领域的扩散。     

Characterizing references from different disciplines: A perspective of citation content analysis

Multidisciplinary cooperation is now common in research since social issues inevitably involve multiple disciplines. In research articles, reference information, especially citation content, is an important representation of communication among different disciplines. Analyzing the distribution characteristics of references from different disciplines in research articles is basic to detecting the sources of referred information and identifying contributions of different disciplines. This work takes articles in PLoS as the data and characterizes the references from different disciplines based on Citation Content Analysis (CCA). First, we download 210,334 full-text articles from PLoS and collect the information of the in-text citations. Then, we identify the discipline of each reference in these academic articles. To characterize the distribution of these references, we analyze three characteristics, namely, the number of citations, the average cited intensity and the average citation length. Finally, we conclude that the distributions of references from different disciplines are significantly different. Although most references come from Natural Science, Humanities and Social Sciences play important roles in the Introduction and Background sections of the articles. Basic disciplines, such as Mathematics, mainly provide research methods in the articles in PLoS. Citations mentioned in the Results and Discussion sections of articles are mainly in-discipline citations, such as citations from Nursing and Medicine in PLoS.     

IPv6隧道代理的实现

IPv6取代IPv4已经成为网络发展的必然趋势,然而IPv4向IPv6的过渡不是一蹴而就的,为此人们提出了很多过渡方案.本文主要讨论了基于隧道代理的过渡方案,分析了隧道代理的工作机制及其流程,根据RFC3053规范在宁夏大学校园网上完成了隧道代理实验,通过隧道代理的构建,完善了IPv6多项技术研究的试验平台.