Connaissances utilisées par des elèves de 8 à 12 ans dans la formulation de problèmes arithmétiques concrets

This study analyses children development of semantic, linguistic, procedural and schematic knowledge in the context of writing arithmetic word problems. 139 children aged between 8 and 12 years old were presented with a task which consisted in writing arithmetic word problems, according to some contraints: words, questions or measures to include in their problems; type of problems to write. Results show the relevance of actual theoritical models of problem solving (Mayer, 1983; Kintsch & Greeno, 1985). Schematic knowledge seem indeed more important than other knowledge in the process of writing arithmetic word problems; semantic knowledge are also used to choose relevant numbers or measures; the roles of linguistic and procedural knowledge seem less evident. Finally, some hypotheses related with the development of mental models of arithmetic word problems are formulated.     

Can Genetics and Genomics Nursing Competencies Be Successfully Taught in a Prenursing Microbiology Course?

In recognition of the entry into the era of personalized medicine, a new set of genetics and genomics competencies for nurses was introduced in 2006. Since then, there have been a number of reports about the critical importance of these competencies for nursing practices and about the challenges of addressing these competencies in the preservice (basic science) nursing curriculum. At least one suggestion has been made to infuse genetics and genomics throughout the basic science curriculum for prenursing students. Based on this call and a review of the competencies, this study sought to assess the impact of incorporation of genetics and genomics content into a prenursing microbiology course. Broadly, two areas that address the competencies were incorporated into the course: 1) the biological basis and implications of genetic diversity and 2) the technological aspects of assessing genetic diversity in bacteria and viruses. These areas address how genetics and genomics contribute to healthcare, including diagnostics and selection of treatment. Analysis of learning gains suggests that genetics and genomics content can be learned as effectively as microbiology content in this setting. Future studies are needed to explore the most effective ways to introduce genetics and genomics technology into the prenursing curriculum.     

小学数学教科书中的比及其教学

在现行小学数学教科书,都把两个数的比定义为两个数相除,这样的定义不仅削弱了比的现实功能,而且无法让学生感悟比的数学本质.论证了比的本质是两个数量倍数关系的表达与度量,还论证了比与除法、分数、比例的差异.并且,对相关内容的教学提出了建议.     

高斯噪声线性滤波问题研究

利用概率和统计的知识对工作在高频及超高频频段的无线电定位通信系统出现的噪声进行研究 ,导出在测量量为离散情况下高斯噪声最佳线性滤波的方均误差     

陶行知教育思想对师范教育改革的启示

陶行知在改革中国教育的初中2事非常重视师范教育这一重要环节，其师范教育思想对当今师范教育的改革与发展，仍具有十分重要的指导和借鉴意义。     

WTO《纺织品和服装协议》读解

本文通过对WTO《纺织品和服装协议》的读解，介绍了协议的主要内容，分析了ATC的执行情况及对纺织贸易的影响。     

Teachers’ sense-making about comprehensive school reform: The influence of emotions

The paper examines teachers’ emotions in the process of making sense of educational reforms. We draw upon concepts from sociological theory and education to inform our framework for understanding how emotions, as a social construct, directly and indirectly, influence teachers’ understandings. Using qualitative data gathered in a study of comprehensive school reform (CSR), we explain how teachers make sense of reforms within their school and classroom contexts and the emotions that arise in the process. Findings show that as teachers made sense of reforms at the school level, they attached little emotion to them; whereas, making sense of the reforms vis-à-vis their own classroom practice appeared to be a more emotional process for teachers. Implications for policy and practice are discussed.     

Relationships between learning approach,procrastination and academic achievement amongst first-year university students

Individual differences in student learning influence academic performance, and two aspects influencing the learning process are the particular learning approach the students use and procrastination behaviour. We examined the relationships between learning approaches, procrastination and academic achievement (measured 1 year later as the grade point average (GPA)) amongst 428 first-year university students. Deep and strategic learning approaches positively predicted GPA, and a mediation analysis showed that the strategic learning approach also partly mediated the effect between deep learning approach and GPA. Less procrastination was associated with a strategic learning approach, but procrastination tendencies did not predict GPA. Recommendations are made for educating new students in cognitive and meta-cognitive strategies, helping reduce their procrastination and facilitating the use of deep and strategic learning approaches.     

Capabilities for learning to read: An investigation of social and economic effects for Grade 6 learners in Southern and East Africa

This paper considers what multilevel modelling approaches to analysing large scale cross-national surveys of education quality can tell us about the capabilities that support primary school children in learning to read. The impact of pupil background characteristics on achievement in reading towards the end of the primary cycle in sub-Saharan Africa is investigated via an analysis of the second wave of data collected by the Southern and East African Consortium for Monitoring Education Quality (SACMEQ) in six low income countries and four lower middle income small states. The findings on various pupil background, social and economic wealth-related factors associated with disadvantage/advantage are interpreted using a capability approach. Hence, the study goes beyond reiterating the well-known relationship between socio-economic status and rurality with learning outcomes to identify what it is that primary school pupils in East and Southern Africa can or cannot do that influences their acquisition of literacy.