Scaling behavior of nucleotide cluster in DNA sequences

In this paper we study the scaling behavior of nucleotide cluster in 11 chromosomes of Encephalitozoon cuniculi Genome. The statistical distribution of nucleotide clusters for 11 chromosomes is characterized by the scaling behavior of P（S） ∝ e^-αs＇ where S represents nucleotide cluster size. The cluster-size distribution P（S1＋S2） with the total size of sequential C-G cluster and A-T cluster S1＋S2 were also studied. P（S1＋S2） follows exponential decay. There does not exist the case of large C-G cluster following large A-T cluster or large A-T cluster following large C-G cluster. We also discuss the relatively random walk length function L（n） and the local compositional complexity of nucleotide sequences based on a new model. These investigations may provide some insight into nucleotide cluster of DNA sequence.     

Effects of α-tocopheryl acetate supplementation in preslaughter diet on antioxidant enzyme activities and fillet quality of commercial-size Sparus macrocephalus

This study examined the effects of dietary α-tocopheryl acetate supplementation on antioxidant enzyme activities and fillet quality in commercial-size Sparus macrocephalus. Three hundred fish [main initial weight （350±12） g] were divided into three groups （E250, E500 and El000） and reared in 9 cages. The fish were fed for 8 weeks with three diets containing different levels of dietary α-tocopheryl acetate （289, 553, 1069 mg/kg）. Over the experimental period, fish were fed to satiation and reached a final mean weight of （465±28） g without significant body weight difference and proximate composition difference. Fillet α-tocopherol was significantly （P〈0.05） different between groups, reaching levels of 14.2, 22.1, 30.9 pg/mg fillet for groups E250, E500 and El000, respectively. Total serum superoxide dismutase （SOD） activity increased significantly （P〈0.05） in fish fed the diets high in α-tocopheryl acetate, but serum glutathione peroxidase （GPX） activity was unaffected. In storage on ice, fillets of fish fed the diets high in α-tocopheryl acetate exhibited significantly lower （P〈0.05） levels of oxidation. These results suggested that increased dietary α-tocopheryl acetate could increase its flesh deposition, increase the activity of SOD and prevent lipid peroxidation ofSparus macrocephalus fillets in retail storage on ice.     

Lipids changes in liver cancer

Liver is one of the most important organs in energy metabolism. Most plasma apolipoproteins and endogenous lipids and lipoproteins are synthesized in the liver. It depends on the integrity of liver cellular function, which ensures homeostasis of lipid and lipoprotein metabolism. When liver cancer occurs, these processes are impaired and the plasma lipid and lipoprotein patterns may be changed. Liver cancer is the fifth common malignant tumor worldwide, and is closely related to the infections of hepatitis B virus （HBV） and hepatitis C virus （HCV）. HBV and HCV infections are quite common in China and other Southeast Asian countries. In addition, liver cancer is often followed by a procession of chronic hepatitis or cirrhosis, so that hepatic function is damaged obviously on these bases, which may significantly influence lipid and lipoprotein metabolism in vivo. In this review we summarize the clinical significance of lipid and lipoprotein metabolism under liver cancer.     

Genetic analysis of fruit shape traits at different maturation stages in sponge gourd

The fruit shape is important quantitative trait closely related to the fruit quality. However, the genetic model of fruit shapes has not been proposed. Therefore, in the present study, analysis of genetic effects for fruit shape traits （fruit length and fruit perimeter） in sponge gourd was conducted by employing a developmental genetic model including fruit direct effects and maternal effects. Analysis approaches of unconditional and conditional variances were applied to evaluate the genetic behavior of fruit shape traits at economical and physiological maturation times. The results of variance analysis indicated that fruit length and fruit perimeter were simultaneously affected by fruit direct genetic effects and maternal effects. Fruit direct genetic effects were relatively more important for fruit shape traits at whole developmental period. The gene expression was most active at the economical maturation stage （1-12 d after flowering） for two shape traits, and the activation of gene was mostly due to direct dominance effects at physiological maturation stage （13-60 datter flowering）. The coefficients due to different genetic effects, as well as the phenotypic correlation coefficients, varied significantly between fruit shape traits themselves at various maturation stages. The results showed that it was relatively easy to improve fruit shape traits for industrial purpose by carefully selecting the parents at economical maturation stage instead of that at physiological maturation stage.     

台湾高等技职教育的系科设置与调整——劳动力市场的视角

半个多世纪以来,台湾经济蓬勃发展的一个重要因素是人力规划与高等技职教育紧密地配合,提升产业经济与社会竞争力成为了高等技职教育的主要任务。通过对台湾高等技职教育系科设置与劳动力市场相互关系的梳理,发现在不同的历史时期,台湾高等技职教育的招生、就业、系科的设置与劳动力市场都有着极其密切的关系。     

谁的"过程与方法"——三论"过程与方法"目标

新课程改革以来,一个争论不休的问题是:"过程与方法"是手段还是目标?我的看法是,不是所有的"过程与方法"都能当作目标.教师教学的过程与方法就只是手段,学生要掌握的思维过程与方法才是目标,前者为后者服务.     

承德农业生态系统分析

承德市农业生态系统尚未摆脱传统农业模式,无偿利用的环境资源能值较高,经营粗放,生产效率不高,但生产潜力巨大。承德农业生态系统的表土损失率不高,比河北其它各市的土壤保持价值量都要大,这对于作为京津水源供应地和生态屏障地来说,则具有非常重要的意义。     

创新扩散驱动的领域隐性知识地图构建：以微电子领域为例

[目的 /意义]探究知识创新扩散路径下的隐性知识扩散和转移行为,据此构建蕴含专家学者隐性知识的知识地图,对推动知识共享与创新至关重要。[方法 /过程]首先从科学知识图谱与知识地图融合的角度明确创新扩散驱动的隐性知识地图构建原理,在此基础上建构隐性知识地图构建流程模型,并以微电子领域为例,围绕主题、学科、机构、地区4个维度内的创新扩散路径,衍生出隐性知识载体的内在关联,借助可视化方式构建隐性知识地图,探究专家隐性知识扩散和转移行为规律。[结果 /结论 ]提出以创新扩散为驱动的微电子领域内的隐性知识地图构建方案,追踪知识创新扩散脉络与隐性知识载体间知识流动行为,可充分满足专家定位、团队构建、专家推荐三个场景下的独特需求。