Quantification of the Atmospheric Corrosion of 304 and 2205 Stainless Steels Using Electrochemical Probes Based on Thevenin Electrochemical Equivalent Circuit Model

Stainless steel(SS) is one of the most widely used engineering materials in marine engineering. However, its corrosion in the marine atmospheric environment due to the high concentration of Cl~- is a problem. The SS corrosion is a threat to the development and security of marine industry; therefore, evaluating the corrosion resistance of SSs is necessary. In this work, atmospheric corrosion detection probes based on a symmetrical electrode system were used to study the corrosion behaviors of 304 SS and 2205 duplex stainless steel(DSS) in a simulated marine atmosphere. A theoretical model for electrochemical noise(EN) data analysis based on the Thevenin electrochemical equivalent circuit(EEC) model was established. The relationship between the EN characteristic parameters and the corrosion rate was obtained. The Thevenin EEC model analysis showed that the relationship between the noise resistance( R_n), the noise impedance [ R_(sn)(f)], and the impedance modulus(| Z( f)|) was R_n≈ R_(sn)=■. Thus, R_n and R_(sn) can be used as indicators for quantitative corrosion evaluation. The results of EN detection for the 304 SS and 2205 DSS showed that in a simulated marine atmospheric environment, the passive fi lms on the two SSs were relatively intact at the initial exposure stage, and their dissolution rates were slow. The corrosion resistance of the 2205 DSS was higher than that of the 304 SS. With the deposition of Cl~- on the SS surface, pitting was initiated and the dissolution rate increased. The pitting initiation process on the SS surface was random, and part of the active pores could be repassivated.     

试论《碧鸡漫志》的批评方法

《碧鸡漫志》作为宋代第一部系统的词学著作,在探讨词的起源时独树一帜,意义深远。在文学批评方法上,继承借鉴古人知人论世和分派列品的做法。这种批评方法为继承者所效仿,给后人开拓了道路。     

建立“五位一体”管理体系 提高实验室安全保障力度

为提高实验教学和科研的保障力度,逐步建立和完善了制度、责任、检查、教育、隐患处理"五位一体"实验室安全管理体系,并形成了长效机制,规范实验室安全管理,使实验室安全管理工作效率进一步提高。     

Moral education and values education in curriculum reform in China

In the new curriculum reform in China, moral education and values education have been defined from the angles of the integrity and conformity of curriculum functions. Accordingly, a new education concept based on complete/integral curriculum functions is established. By discussing the essences of the curriculum, the basis of moral and values education, integrated curriculum setting in instruction structure, the presence of emotional and attitudinal goals in the subject standards, and teaching methods, this text points out that this curriculum reform looks to moral and values education in schools. The reform also emphasizes and will guarantee moral and values education in schools. Finally, the article recommends to elementary and secondary schools the studies on moral education in class conducted by the Research Institute of Moral Education of Nanjing Normal University, one of the Key Bases for Humanities and Social Sciences Research for the Ministry of Education. __________ Translated from Global Education, 2002:12     

"预设"不可弱化--兼谈对课程改革的一点思考

近来读了一些文章,也参加过不少教研活动,有一个问题一直在头脑里打转:预设就那么不重要了?“生成”难道就不可以预设?如果大家都来探究预设生成,让我们对教学过程了如指掌,对教学结果成竹在胸,岂不是更好吗?为探讨上述问题,先向大家提供一个笔者的教学案例:     

武汉钢材流通业信息化三步战略

通过对2004年至2005年武汉4个主要钢材仓储货场的考察，结合武钢集团销售模式和钢铁物流的特点，剖析了货场运作中的弊病，并提出了三步走的改造方案。最后对武汉钢铁流通产业的未来格局作了分析展望。     

成人教育管理体制改革论

科学的管理体制是实施科学管理的前提和保证。建国以来，我国成人教育管理体制经历了长达40余年的“一级统管”阶段。从20世纪90年代起，开始了“两级管理，分类负责”的改革。然而截至目前，我国成人教育滞后于时代发展的要求。21世纪前期，我国应进一步深化成人教育管理体制改革。     

在自主实验中培养学生的科学探究素养

科学探究的思想、能力及对科学探究方法与过程的理解,即一个人科学素养的表现,培养学生的科学探究素养是科学课程的目标之一。自主实验活动作为传统科学实验的改进、补充和延伸,具有开放性大、灵活性强、趣味性浓等特点,是实施科学课程的重要手段。     

湖州非物质文化遗产与乡村旅游融合发展研究

非物质文化遗产需要传承和弘扬,地方旅游业发展需要文化支撑,如何将二者融合发展,值得研究。本文收集、整理湖州非物质文化遗产资料,对其数量、类型、分布等进行分析,并实地调查了湖州旅游发展过程中对非物质文化遗产的利用现状,提出湖州乡村旅游应充分利用非物质文化遗产,可从打造舞台盛宴、创新导游解说、打造非遗属性旅游纪念品三个方面提升乡村旅游的文化内涵。这样,既可以更好地保护地方非物质文化遗产,又可以推动地方旅游文化事业,二者的结合是双赢之举。     

浅谈钢琴教学的读谱

读谱是钢琴教学和演奏成功的重要环节,本文就怎样读谱进行了详细的阐述.认真阅读谱面上的各种标示,仔细研究不同时代、不同版本,并与实践相结合.