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991.
Agnes S.K. Wong Matthew Moreno Samantha Burns Earl Woodruff 《Journal of Research in Reading》2023,46(2):143-162
Background
Research has suggested that background music can have a positive or negative effect that can influence the affective state of individuals. Although research has demonstrated that fear negatively influences our cognitive performance, there is a research gap in understanding the combined effects of different background music tempo and fear in influencing reading comprehension performance.Methods
Data were collected from 70 participants enrolled at a public university in Canada. Participants were required to listen to background music of varying speeds with three conditions (no music, slow music and fast music). We adopted a cross-sectional multi-level modelling approach for the main analyses, and further analyses using t-test and ANOVA.Results
Results indicated that expression of fear was not a significant predictor of participants' reading comprehension performance (Model 1). However, when music condition was added (Model 2) in addition to expression of fear, a significant relationship between reading comprehension performance and music condition was found, showing better reading comprehension performance in the slow music condition than in the no music condition. Furthermore, there was a significant interaction effect between music condition and expression of fear on reading comprehension performance (Model 3). Importantly, not all individuals were affected by the music to the same extent, with the possibility that baseline level of fear being the key issue in influencing comprehension performance.Conclusions
Considering both expression of fear and music condition is required to understand the combined effects on cognitive performance. Expression of fear during cognitive tasks such as reading could be an essential signal that interventions should be applied. Such strategies may be especially beneficial for task performers with higher baseline levels of fear and possibly provide us with insights for best practice and research implications in the field of reading comprehension among individuals with special needs.992.
Extreme irritability is a challenging quality for children and adolescents and those that live with them; one that often brings them into treatment due to the impact on others. Further, it also leads to a cycle of interpersonal rejection from others based on the unpleasantness of interaction with such an individual. For these reasons, both anger and irritability have received increasing attention from researchers and clinicians in recent years, yet conceptualization is still murky, as is measurement. Is it temperament? Is it a sign of pathology? Specific to mood disorders or a cross-sectional symptom? Stable and enduring, or not? 相似文献
993.
994.
Contingent self-esteem (CSE) describes the degree to which self-esteem is dependent on meeting day-to-day appraisals from oneself and others. This will vary between individuals, ranging from lower to higher CSE. A lower CSE is related to a range of adaptive social and emotional outcomes in adolescents and young adults. This study explores children’s CSE and how this associates with behavioural outcomes. A total of 280 children between the ages of 9 and 11 years completed a composite questionnaire on aspects of their self-esteem and behaviour. Children’s class teachers completed behavioural outcome questionnaires for a random sample of 100 of these children. Based on teachers’ and children’s scores, high levels of global self-esteem were associated with lower CSE and fewer behavioural difficulties. CSE domains of social feedback and physical appearance retained significant associations with behavioural outcomes after controlling for global self-esteem. This may relate to the degree that children depend on the perceived evaluations of others. Implications for educational psychologists are highlighted. 相似文献
995.
Erica England Leo S. Lo Arleene P. Breaux 《Journal of Library & Information Services in Distance Learning》2018,12(1-2):3-12
This case study presents the development and implementation of a personal librarian program for a cohort-based, executive-style higher education administration doctoral program. Librarians and the program director collaborated to create a student-centered program based on individual research needs. The personal librarian program was designed to build a close relationship between the librarian and individual students; to help identify their research knowledge gaps; and to identify resources to meet each individual students' research needs. 相似文献
996.
Andrew S. Pyle 《Communication Teacher》2018,32(4):209-214
Courses: This unit activity is intended for public relations (PR), crisis communication, or journalism courses.
Objectives: The purpose is to equip future PR professionals with critical thinking skills and experience to manage crises. Students demonstrate mastery in two ways: by crafting clear crisis response messages and materials in a narrow time frame, and by applying a crisis communication heuristic to manage a simulated crisis event. 相似文献
997.
University Counseling Centers (UCCs) experience high clinical demands and severe client presentations leaving counselors with limited time and resources to evaluate delivery of services. In this article, we present clinician-friendly quality improvement (QI) strategies used at a large Midwestern university and provide recommendations for implementing QI programs at other UCCs even as their resources may vary. With counselor-led efforts examining and evaluating services, UCCs can use QI programs to inform and improve counseling practices as well as advise university administrators about the positive outcomes of the center’s work. 相似文献
998.
Rebecca S. Merkin PhD 《Performance Improvement Quarterly》2020,33(1):55-75
This study examines whether life satisfaction could influence social-capital factors of interest to managers looking for pro-social employees willing to do extra work and willing to help contribute to a positive environment. Employee data were analyzed (n = 7134) from the 2006 Social Capital Community Survey (SCCS) to analyze the role life satisfaction plays in influencing active pro-social work behavior in employees. Regression analysis results showed that employees with greater life satisfaction engage in more organizational citizenship behavior, feel calmer and less emotionally exhausted at the end of the day, are more likely to trust their coworkers, are more likely to be members of a neighborhood association or work on a community project, and are more likely to participate and volunteer. The degree of employees' life satisfaction was shown to influence their active orientation towards work due to their greater social-capital proclivities, which reflect organizational citizenship behavior. 相似文献
999.
1000.
Michael S. Fanselow 《Learning & behavior》1982,10(4):448-454
When a rat receives an electric shock delivered to the floor of an enclosure, it reacts with frenzied activity. On shock termination, the activity persists for a brief period of time and then gradually gives way to a period of freezing. Subsequent grid shocks temporarily disrupt freezing, with the length of disruption determined by shock intensity (Experiment 1). The duration of this activity burst depends predominantly on the test shock intensity but not on the training shock intensity. The reverse is true for the probability of freezing, which is positively related to training shock intensity (Experiment 2). Based on this finding, it is argued that the activity burst is a UR, while freezing is a CR. Further support that freezing is a CR is provided by Experiment 3, which demonstrates that a delay, during which the rat is out of the shock-associated context, between the training and testing periods does not disrupt freezing. A topographical analysis of the behaviors making up the activity burst is provided by Experiment 4. The postshock activity burst was composed predominantly of head movement, turning, and rearing. 相似文献