TGMD-3在中国3~12岁儿童基本运动技能测试中的信效度研究

目的: 验证TGMD-3在中国3~12岁儿童基本运动技能测试中的可靠性和有效性。方法: 选取上海、深圳、重庆、洛阳、长沙的512名3~12岁儿童为研究对象进行TGMD-3测试,对测试的难度、区分度、一致性信度、重测信度和评价者信度、结构效度进行统计检验。结果: TGMD-3的13个项目难度范围为0.27~0.78,区分度范围为0.38~0.49。每个年龄组儿童基本运动技能测试(TGMD-3)的内部一致性系数范围为0.808~0.902,其中男女生的内部一致性系数均为0.95;总体的基本运动技能评价者信度(肯德尔协同系数)w为0.944, 2值为28.331,达到显著性水平;重测检验中,移动式运动技能(组内相关系数)ICC为0.755、球类运动技能(组内相关系数)ICC为0.741、总的基本运动技能(组内相关系数)ICC为0.743,均达到了较高水平。通过探索性因子分析验证了TGMD-3的双因子结构,并通过验证性因子分析支持双因子模型(χ²(64)=103.28,p<0.001,CFI=0.960,TLI=0.952,RMSEA=0.049,SRMR=0.043)。结论: TGMD-3儿童基本运动技能测试具有良好的项目难度、区分度,以及可靠的内部一致性信度、重测信度和结构效度,对我国3~12岁儿童具有良好的适用性,可以作为我国儿童基本运动技能发展评价的有效工具。     

Exercise cardiac power and the risk of heart failure in men: A population-based follow-up study

Background:Little is known about exercise cardiac power(ECP),defined as the ratio of directly measured maximal oxygen uptake with peak systolic blood pressure during exercise,on heart failure(HF)risk.We examined the association of ECP and the risk of HF.Methods:This was a population-based cohort study of 2351 men from eastern Finland.The average time to follow-up was 25 years.Participants participated at baseline in an exercise stress test.A total of 313 cases of HF occurred.Results:Men with low ECP(<9.84 mL/mmHg,the lowest quartile)had a 2.37-fold(95%confidence interval(95%CI):1.68-3.35,p<0.0001)hazards ratio of HF as compared with men with high ECP(>13.92 mL/mmHg,the highest quartile),after adjusting for age.Low ECP was associated with a 1.96-fold risk(95%CI:1.38-2.78,p<0.001)of HF after additional adjustment for conventional risk factors.After further adjustment for left ventricular hypertrophy,the results hardly changed(hazards ratio=1.87,95%CI:1.31-2.66,p<0.001).One SD increase in ECP(3.16 mL/mmHg)was associated with a decreased risk of HF by 28%(95%CI:17%-37%).Conclusion:ECP provides a noninvasive and easily available measure from cardiopulmonary exercise tests in predicting HF.However,ECP did not provide additional value over maximal oxygen uptake.     

Risk of bias and reporting practices in studies comparing VO2max responses to sprint interval vs. continuous training: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Background:It remains unclear whether studies comparing maximal oxygen uptake(VO_{2 max}) response to sprint interval training(SIT) vs.moderate-intensity continuous training(MICT) are associated with a high risk of bias and poor reporting quality.The purpose of this study was to evaluate the risk of bias and quality of reporting in studies comparing changes in VO_{2 max} between SIT and MICT.Methods:We conducted a comprehensive literature search of 4 major databases:AMED,CINAHL,E...     

Maximizing recovery time between knock-out races improves sprint cross-country skiing performance

Background:In a sprint cross-country(XC)ski competition,the difference in recovery times separating the first and the second semi-final(SF)heats from the final(F)may affect performance.The aim of the current study was to compare the effects of longer vs.shorter recovery periods prescribed between the 3 knock-out races of a simulated sprint XC ski competition involving a prologue(P),quarter-final(QF),SF,and F.Methods:Eleven well-trained XC ski athletes completed 2 simulated sprint XC ski competitions on a treadmill involving 4×883-m roller-ski bouts at a 4°incline using the gear 3 ski-skating sub-technique.The first 3 bouts were completed at a fixed speed(PFIX,QFFIX,and SFFIX)corresponding to~96%of each individual’s previously determined maximal effort.The final bout was performed as a self-paced sprint time trial(FSTT).Test conditions differed by the time durations prescribed between the QFFIX,SFFIX,and FSTT,which simulated real-world XC ski competition conditions using maximum(MAX-REC)or minimum(MIN-REC)recovery periods.Results:The FSTT was completed 5.4±5.5 s faster(p=0.009)during MAX-REC(179.2±18.1 s)compared to MIN-REC(184.6±20.0 s),and this was linked to a significantly higher power output(p=0.010)and total metabolic rate(p=0.009).The pre FSTT blood lactate(BLa)concentration was significantly lower during MAX-REC compared to MIN-REC(2.5±0.8 mmol/L vs.3.6±1.6 mmol/L,respectively;p=0.027),and the pre-to-post FSTT increase in BLa was greater(8.8±2.1 mmol/L vs.7.1±2.3 mmol/L,respectively;p=0.024).No other differences for MAX-REC vs.MIN-REC reached significance(p>0.05).Conclusion:Performance in a group of well-trained XC skiers is negatively affected when recovery times between sprint heats are minimized which,in competition conditions,would occur when selecting the last QF heat.This result is combined with a higher pre-race BLa concentration and a reduced rise in BLa concentration under shorter recovery conditions.These findings may help inform decision making when XC skiers are faced with selecting a QF heat within a sprint competition.     

分析VS山寨DotA 6．57C火爆的原因

Data我已经近一年没有怎么碰过了,不是说我不喜欢DatA,我确信我一直都在深深的喜欢。但是自从两年前我把自己的爱好转变成了职业（一直做编辑嘛）,玩DatA的时候却一直提不起来兴趣。也难怪,天天看DatA相关的东西,想不审美疲劳都难,再也回不到当初把DatA当爱好的年代了。最近才感觉稍微好了一点,每天下班回家路人娱乐逐渐恢复水平。     

基于专利引文分析的时间线技术

在对专利引文可视化技术现状进行分析的基础上,将基于引文分析的时间线技术运用到专利文献的可视化分析。详细阐述该技术的理论依据、设计思想,并用美国专利数据库中的DVD激光头专利进行技术应用,证明该技术能揭示专利文献中的技术热点及其发展演变,并挖掘关键技术。     

Impaired motor control after sport-related concussion could increase risk for musculoskeletal injury: Implications for clinical management and rehabilitation

This review presents a conceptual framework and supporting evidence that links impaired motor control after sport-related concussion(SRC)to increased risk for musculoskeletal injury.Multiple studies have found that athletes who are post-SRC have higher risk for musculoskeletal injury compared to their counterparts.A small body of research suggests that impairments in motor control are associated with musculoskeletal injury risk.Motor control involves the perception and processing of sensory information and subsequent coordination of motor output within the central nervous system to perform a motor task.Motor control is inclusive of motor planning and motor learning.If sensory information is not accurately perceived or there is interference with sensory information processing and cognition,motor function will be altered,and an athlete may become vulnerable to injury during sport participation.Athletes with SRC show neuroanatomic and neurophysiological changes relevant to motor control even after meeting return to sport criteria,including a normal neurological examination,resolution of symptoms,and return to baseline function on traditional concussion testing.In conjunction,altered motor function is demonstrated after SRC in muscle activation and force production,movement patterns,balance/postural stability,and motor task performance,especially performance of a motor task paired with a cognitive task(i.e.,dual-task condition).The clinical implications of this conceptual framework include a need to intentionally address motor control impairments after SRC to mitigate musculoskeletal injury risk and to monitor motor control as the athlete progresses through the return to sport continuum.     

爱情,在校园开花结果

2005年9月1日,我国教育部新颁布的《普通高等学校学生管理规定》正式实施,取代沿用了15年的旧规定。新规定有一条特别引人注目,那就是取消了旧规定中的第30条:“在校期间擅自结婚而未办理退学手续的学生,作退学处理。”教育部学生司林司长这样强调:“教育部不禁止在校学生结婚,但并不提倡。”据统计,自新规定颁布以来,在70所大学里,申请结婚的学生只有万分之一。大学生结婚,离现实究竟还有多远?禁令取消后,现实会是如何呢?是像打开了“潘多拉盒子”,情况变得复杂起来,还是实际影响相当有限呢?大家见仁见智,也许这个问题还需要交由时间来回答。在外国许多国家,大学生结婚不会被禁止,以下这篇报道讲的就是美国哈佛大学和乔治敦大学校园里把爱情进行到底的学生。编者之所以挑这篇文章,出发点很简单,就是希望大家读着别人的故事,能感受到另一种不同的人生选择和生活体验。     

Effect of the amount of zinc-doped on the electrochemical performance of nickel hydroxide

1.IntroductionInrecentyears,theNi-MHbattery,akindofnewtypesecondarybatterydevelopedonthebaseofrechargeableNi-Cdbattery,hasattractedtheattentionofmostcustomersintheworldduetotheirexcellentperformancessuchashighpowerdensity,verygoodcyclability,highspecificcapacityandlessenviron-mentalimpact.Currently,theNi-MHbatteryiswidelyusedasapowerforportableelectricdevices,electricvehicles,portablevideos,andsomeimportantsmallapplications[1-3].Nickelhydroxideiscommonlyusedastheactivematerialfornickelposit…     

20世纪的中国史学：对其背景和发展过程的评论

一在中国史学的现代化进程中 ,起作用的主要有三个因素。第一个因素是时势 ,因为时势变了 ,对过去历史的解释就得随之而改变。第二个因素是史学变革的手段 ,这可以从中国史学的自身传统中获得。第三个因素就是外来文化的影响 ,这种影响是通过近代西方史学以及其强劲的日本支脉而获得的。就史学领域本身来说 ,传统史学也是中国史学现代化的一个基础。更为重要的是 ,传统史学著作都是中国式的 ,故而更容易为人们所接受。梁启超在《中国历史研究法》一书中 ,就曾引用一系列中国古代批评旧思想的学者言论 ,借以说明他倡导的有悖于传统的历史观念…