论篮球运动优秀组织后卫能力的培养

针对我国篮球运动高水平的组织后卫能力不足的现状 ,通过对资料的分析、推理、归纳 ,阐述了组织后卫应具备的能力及其培养方法 ,旨在为篮球运动优秀组织后卫的快速成长提供理论依据。     

The reliability of distance run tests for children in grades K-4.

The purpose of this study was to determine test-retest reliability for the 1-mile, 3/4-mile, and 1/2-mile distance run/alk tests for children in Grades K-4. Fifty-one intact physical education classes were randomly assigned to one of the three distance run conditions. A total of 1,229 (621 boys, 608 girls) completed the test-retests in the fall (October), with 1,050 of these students (543 boys, 507 girls) repeating the tests in the spring (May). Results indicated that the 1-mile run/walk distance, as recommended for young children in most national test batteries, has acceptable intraclass reliability (.83 less than R less than .90) for both boys and girls in Grades 3 and 4, has minimal (fall) to acceptable (spring) reliability for Grade 2 students (.70 less than R less than .83), but is not reliable for children in Grades K and 1 (.34 less than R less than .56). The 1/2 mile was the only distance meeting minimal reliability standards for boys and girls in Grades K and 1 (.73 less than R less than .82). Results also indicated that reliability estimates remained fairly stable across gender and age groups from the fall to spring testing periods, with the exception of the noticeably improved values for Grade 2 students on the 1-mile run/walk test. Criterion-referenced reliability (P, percent agreement) was also estimated relative to Physical Best and Fitnessgram run/walk standards. Reliability coefficients for all age group standards were acceptable to high (.70 less than P less than .95), except for Fitnessgram standards for 5-year-old girls on the 1-mile test for both fall and spring and for 6-year-old boys and girls on the 1-mile test administered in the spring.     

Postexercise energy expenditure following upper body exercise

This study was designed to examine the magnitude and duration of excess postexercise oxygen consumption (EPOC) following upper body exercise, using lower body exercise for comparison. On separate days and in a counterbalanced order, eight subjects (four male and four female) performed a 20-min exercise at 60% of mode-specific peak oxygen uptake (VO2) using an arm crank and cycle ergometer. Prior to each exercise, baseline VO2 and heart rate (HR) were measured during the final 15 min of a 45-min seated rest. VO2 and HR were measured continuously during the postexercise period until baseline VO2 was reestablished. No significant difference between the two experimental conditions was found for magnitude of EPOC (t [7] = 0.69, p greater than .05). Mean (+/- SD) values were 9.2 +/- 3.3 and 10.4 +/- 5.8 kcal for the arm crank and cycle ergometer exercises, respectively. Duration of EPOC was relatively short and not significantly different (t [7] = 0.24, p greater than .05) between the upper body (22.9 +/- 13.7 min) and lower body (24.2 +/- 19.4 min) exercises. Within the framework of the chosen exercise conditions, these results suggest EPOC may be related primarily to the relative metabolic rate of the active musculature, as opposed to the absolute exercise VO2 or quantity of active muscle mass associated with these two types of exercise.     

我国优秀击剑运动员运动损伤的特点及预防原则

为了探索我国击剑运动员损伤的发病规律,在第十一届亚运会中国击剑队集训期间,笔者采用病史询问和详细的局部检查,调查了中国击剑集训队和部分省市击剑队193名队员的运动损伤情况,结果显示:带伤者172人,占89.12％,共289例次,涉及到38种损伤,其中慢性损伤占90％以上,训练年限越长,损伤的发生率越高,发病部位集中于持剑手侧的膝关节伸膝装置(25％)持剑手侧肩部(9.7％),腰部肌(13％)和踝关节(9.3％)等。从剑种上看,花剑选手以持剑手侧膝关节髌腱腱病和髌尖末端病、持剑手侧腕关节软组织劳损多见,而重佩剑队员则以持剑手肩关节软组织损伤多见。损伤的基本原因与击剑专项技术的特殊要求有密切关系,其次与忽视准备活动和放松练习等有关,由此,提出了以加强肌肉力量训练,认真做好准备活动并重点结合运动前的防护准备,加强医务监督的预防原则。     

让市场选择期刊

期刊要生存和发展,必须有明确的定位、基本的读者群、作者群和自己的市场.     

中国与世界男子三级跳远运动员3项指标及技术特点分析

采用文献资料调研、数理统计和对比分析等方法,对中、外优秀男子三级跳远运动员成绩接近率、身体形态、年龄特征及技术特点进行对比分析。结果表明,同世界1999—2002年度最好成绩相比,中国运动员成绩起伏不定;身体形态同世界优秀运动员具有明显差异,适合采用以“平跳速度型”为主的技术;中国运动员理想的三跳比例是33.5％:30％:36.5％。     

亚运会与城市现代化的互动及其办亚运基本策略的研究

为研究亚运会与城市现代化的循环互动发展关系，采用献资料研究、专家调查、系统综合分析法，本得出的研究结果是：用建设全面小康的理论，从宏观上探明城市现代化的内涵；就广州现有建设为办亚运会提供的基础与显示四个优势要素：国际大赛——广州亚运会对广州城市化社会发展的促进作用；以广州经济化一体化为支撑的广州亚运会的三个基本策略。     

陈鹤琴的幼儿健康教育思想

陈鹤琴先生是我国现代著名的教育家,他在进行长期、连续的儿童发展教育的研究中,总结出一套适合我国实际的幼儿健康教育理论,为中国近、现代幼儿健康教育奠定了重要的理论基础,在中国近代体育史上占有重要的地位。拟就陈鹤琴关于幼儿健康教育的基本内容及其产生的社会背景作一尝试性的分析和研究。     

Reading Progress Monitoring for Secondary‐School Students: Reliability,Validity, and Sensitivity to Growth of Reading‐Aloud and Maze‐Selection Measures

The validity and reliability of curriculum‐based measures in reading as indicators of performance and progress for secondary‐school students were examined. Thirty‐five grade 8 students completed reading aloud and maze‐selection measures weekly for 10 weeks. Criterion measures were the state standards test in reading and the Woodcock–Johnson III Test of Achievement. Different time frames for each measure were compared. Most alternate‐form reliability coefficients were above .80. Criterion‐related validity coefficients ranged from .77 to .89. No differences related to time were found. Only maze selection reflected significant growth, with an average increase of 1.29 correct choices per week. Maze growth was related to the reading performance level and to change on the Woodcock–Johnson III from pre‐ to posttest.