Skeleton Changes Induced by Horse Riding on Medieval Skeletal Remains from Croatia

Skeletal remains of 35 individuals from the Croatian excavation site Kamen Most – Kaldrma from the fourteenth to fifteenth centuries were analyzed anthropologically. Due to specific skeletal characteristics, eight of them were analyzed in great detail in this study. The results of additional analysis indicated that all bone elements, except pelves, of all eight persons belonged to males. All pelvic girdle have characteristics of female sex and pronounced muscle attachments that are both indicative of horse riding. All eight persons had at least two of six changes on femora indicative of horse riding. Vertebrae of seven persons (one person did not have preserved vertebrae) have Schmorl's nodes. Signs of advanced osteoarthritis were found on all joints in all eight persons. All of them also have visible signs of periostitis especially on lower extremities. Pathological signs of trauma were found in five persons. Two of them had skull fractures and the rest had fractures of extremities which are also characteristic for horse riders. The average age of all eight persons was above 45 years at death. DNA analysis confirmed male sex for seven individuals. The results were additionally confirmed by later archeological findings of tombstones with illustrations of horse riders.     

竞技武术套路运动员力量素质的训练措施分析

在现代竞技武术比赛中,超强的力量素质对创造优异的运动成绩起着重要作用。本文通过文献资料法、逻辑分析法等方法,针对竞技武术套路的运动特点指导和制定科学合理的力量素质训练方法,旨在使竞技武术套路训练走向更加科学化和规范化的道路,以期促进我国武术事业的发展。     

Assessment of three-dimensional joint kinematics of the upper limb during simulated swimming using wearable inertial-magnetic measurement units

The analysis of the joint kinematics during swimming plays a fundamental role both in sports conditioning and in clinical contexts. Contrary to the traditional video analysis, wearable inertial-magnetic measurements units (IMMUs) allow to analyse both the underwater and aerial phases of the swimming stroke over the whole length of the swimming pool. Furthermore, the rapid calibration and short data processing required by IMMUs provide coaches and athletes with an immediate feedback on swimming kinematics during training. This study aimed to develop a protocol to assess the three-dimensional kinematics of the upper limbs during swimming using IMMUs. Kinematics were evaluated during simulated dry-land swimming trials performed in the laboratory by eight swimmers. A stereo-photogrammetric system was used as the gold standard. The results showed high coefficient of multiple correlation (CMC) values, with median (first–third quartile) of 0.97 (0.93–0.95) and 0.99 (0.97–0.99) for simulated front-crawl and breaststroke, respectively. Furthermore, the joint angles were estimated with an accuracy increasing from distal to proximal joints, with wrist indices showing median CMC values always higher than 0.90. The present findings represent an important step towards the practical use of technology based on IMMUs for the kinematic analysis of swimming in applied contexts.     

浅析高师体育生能力的培养

高师体育生能力的高低，直接关系到高师体育院系的教育质量和培养规格。从知识与能力的关系、专业思想的树立等方而阐述了高师体育生能力培养的方法和途径。     

火针治疗对大鼠跟腱末端病细胞凋亡的影响

目的观察火针治疗前后大鼠跟腱末端区细胞凋亡情况的变化,探讨火针治疗末端病的作用机理,为末端病的火针治疗提供理论依据。方法采用"电击跳跃法"建立大鼠跟腱末端病模型,施以火针治疗,采用TUNEL法检测细胞凋亡指数(AI)。结果(1)1次火针治疗后,治疗组大鼠末端区主要在跟腱、纤维软骨区、腱围这三个部位的AI比对照组有不同程度降低;(2)经4次火针治疗后,跟腱、纤维软骨区、腱骨关节面软骨、腱围的AI明显低于对照组;(3)4次火针治疗后在跟腱、纤维软骨区、腱骨关节面软骨、腱围的AI明显低于1次火针治疗组。结论(1)8周的"电击跳跃法"成功建立了大鼠跟腱末端病模型。(2)1次火针治疗可以减少末端区的细胞凋亡和修复已凋亡的细胞。(3)4次火针治疗不仅使末端区的凋亡细胞得到修复,而且加速了整个末端区组织和结构的恢复。     

“网络为王”时代的媒体公信力认定——网络媒体评价指标与方法

网络媒体的迅速扩张表明其在信息传播中的地位与作用越来越重要，但是这种新媒体也面临着有效传播的问题，要建立网络媒体的公信力，首先要对其进行评价和认定。通过定性和定量的方法，对网络媒体的利用率、网络信息质量、网络影响力等的评价是目前对网络媒体公信力评价的基本方法。     

汉语主题词表编制的新模式和新技术-《教育主题词表》编制技术概述

汉语主题词表编制的新模式和新技术──《教育主题词表》编制技术概述侯汉青，赵燕群，戴维民《教育主题词表》是我国正式出版的第一部教育专业叙词表，也是我国正式出版的第一部分类主题一体化词表。该表采用分面叙词表的模式进行编制。全表共分为分面分类表及字顺叙词表...     

清华大学校园网和图书馆自动化系统

本文以图书馆自动化所面临的挑战与选择为背景, 介绍了清华大学图书馆自动化系统的建设情况和清华大学校园网为广大用户提供的查询图书馆信息资源的网络环境。     

智慧图书馆的建设及其对技术和馆员的要求

[目的/意义]在简述国内外智慧图书馆发展历史和内涵特征的基础上,针对当前国内智慧图书馆建设研究缺乏具体科技应用的现象进行补充,着重论述4种具体科技在智慧图书馆中的应用原理和价值以及具有"智慧性"的馆员队伍建设要求。[方法/过程]结合以往学者的研究经验,主要采用文献研究和分析的方法对各学者观点进行梳理、归纳,在此基础上,采用流程图法直观阐述智慧科技的工作原理。[结果/结论]智慧图书馆的建设是一项系统工程,其最核心要质就是智慧科技和智慧馆员,未来智慧图书馆科技体系的建设和馆员队伍的培养更应结合图书馆实际情况,在本文观点的基础上,深入细化。     

高校成人高等教育教学管理中存在的问题及对策研究

普通高校举办的成人高等教育对促进我国高等教育事业的发展起着至关重要的作用。在新阶段新形势下,普通高校成人教育办学过程中存在的师资队伍不完善、教学管理不正规、监督体制不健全、科学研究不深入等问题凸显出来。需要我们在师资和管理队伍、规章制度、监督检查、实践科研等方面加强建设和管理,提高普通高校成人高等教育办学水平。