Solid-state intramolecular motions in continuous fibers driven by ambient humidity for fluorescent sensors

One striking feature of molecular rotors is their ability to change conformation with detectable optical signals through molecular motion when stimulated. However, due to the strong intermolecular interactions, synthetic molecular rotors have often relied on fluid environments. Here, we take advantage of the solid-state intramolecular motion of aggregation-induced emission (AIE) molecular rotors and one-dimensional fibers, developing highly sensitive optical fiber sensors that respond to ambient humidity rapidly and reversibly with observable chromatic fluorescence change. Moisture environments induce the swelling of the polymer fibers, activating intramolecular motions of AIE molecules to result in red-shifted fluorescence and linear response to ambient humidity. In this case, polymer fiber provides a process-friendly architecture and a physically tunable medium for the embedded AIE molecules to manipulate their fluorescence response characteristics. Assembly of sensor fibers could be built into hierarchical structures, which are adaptive to diverse-configuration for spatial-temporal humidity mapping, and suitable for device integration to build light-emitting sensors as well as touchless positioning interfaces for intelligence systems.     

网络环境对图书馆人才的新要求

论述了２１世纪图书馆在信息网络环境下运行成为必然，并从六个方面概述了网络环境下图书馆人才应具备的素质与知识结构。     

以综合实践活动促物理课堂转型——以“比较材料的隔声性能”教学为例

综合实践活动是苏科版物理教科书编写的特色之一,它具有很强的自主性、综合性、开放性。开展综合实践活动旨在让学生通过简单的活动,形成物理观念,在体验科学探究的基本过程时训练科学思维,逐步学会运用物理方法研究、解决较为复杂的生活、生产问题,逐渐形成解决社会问题的责任感和使命感。综合实践活动的开展对推动课堂转型、提升学生物理核心素养具有积极的促进作用。     

Intervention programme to prevent bullying in adolescents in physical education classes (PREBULLPE): a quasi-experimental study

ABSTRACT

Background: Bullying is a social problem where there is a phenomenon of intentional aggression that occurs in all schools. It has multiple negative consequences for the victim’s psychological health. As school is a context for learning about life in society, strategies to prevent such attitudes and behaviours should be encouraged. Although some studies seem to indicate the potential of the subject of physical education to promote attitudes and behaviours against bullying, there is still insufficient scientific evidence to deduce a positive impact on the reduction or prevention of this phenomenon.

Purpose: This study aimed to analyse the effectiveness of a specific intervention to prevent bullying in Physical Education classes in Secondary Education. 6 specific sessions inserted into the physical education curriculum to find out what bullying is, who its protagonists are and how to prevent it.

Participants and setting: In the study, 764 students with an age range of 12–19 years (49.3% girls; age mean [M]?=?14.80, standard deviation [SD]?=?1.69) from two public educational centres participated. Among them, 439 were randomly assigned to the quasi-experimental group (48.1% girls; age M?=?14.70, SD?=?1.59) and 325 to the control group (51.1% girls; age M?=?14.94, SD?=?1.83). Data were collected at two timepoints, pre- and the post-intervention data.

Data collection: The Spanish version of the European Bullying Intervention Project Questionnaire (EBIPQ) was used to measure the incidence of bullying. To measure cyberbullying, the Spanish version of the European Cyberbullying Intervention Project Questionnaire (ECIPQ) scale was used.

Data analysis: The Student t-test was performed to compare possible differences between the experimental and control groups in the pre-test. To compare the means of the factors obtained based on the variables and the instruments used, as well as the scores obtained from the subjects of the experimental and control groups at the two timepoints, linear models of repeated measurements have been established comparing the pre- and post-intervention moments and the experimental and control groups, introducing sex and grade variables to compare the effectiveness of the programme based on them.

Results: There were no differences in the pre-test measurements in any of the variables. After the intervention programme in the quasi-experimental group, the bullying victimisation (F?=?16,951; p?=?.000) and bullying aggression (F?=?5,215; p?=?.023) rates decreased significantly more than they did the control group. Likewise, victimisation in cyberbullying (F?=?6,234; p?=?.013) decreased significantly differently, but aggression in cyberbullying did not (F?=?0,099; p?=?.753).

Conclusion: The implementation of a specific intervention to prevent bullying inserted into the physical education curriculum seems to have decreased bullying and cyberbullying victimisation.     

多主体视角下网球竞赛争议判罚事件刍议

运用文献资料法和逻辑分析法,分析网球竞赛争议判罚的各主体扮演的角色和特点,研究争议判罚对各个主体产生的影响,旨在为减少网球竞赛争议判罚事件的发生提出合理性建议。结果显示:多方共同努力,加之赛事主办方借助社会性媒体平台,采用对话性思维来加强与观众的沟通,能够使争议事件得到妥善解决,有效减少此类事件的再次发生。     

It's Not Just Angoff: Misperceptions of Hard and Easy Items in Bookmark-Type Ratings

A common belief is that the Bookmark method is a cognitively simpler standard-setting method than the modified Angoff method. However, a limited amount of research has investigated panelist's ability to perform well the Bookmark method, and whether some of the challenges panelists face with the Angoff method may also be present in the Bookmark method. This article presents results from three experiments where panelists were asked to give Bookmark-type ratings to separate items into groups based on item difficulty data. Results of the experiments showed, consistent with results often observed with the Angoff method, that panelists typically and paradoxically perceived hard items to be too easy and easy items to be too hard. These perceptions were reflected in panelists often placing their Bookmarks too early for hard items and often placing their Bookmarks too late for easy items. The article concludes with a discussion of what these results imply for educators and policymakers using the Bookmark standard-setting method.     

Why People Dual Screen Political Debates and Why It Matters for Democratic Engagement

Dual screening during televised election debates is a new domain in which political elites and journalists seek to influence audience attitudes and behavior. But to what extent do non-elite dual screeners seek to influence others, particularly their social media followers, social media users in general, and even politicians and journalists? And how does this behavior affect short- and longer-term engagement with election campaigns? Using unique, event-based, panel survey data from the main 2015 UK general election debate (Wave 1 = 2,351; Wave 2 = 1,168) we reveal the conditions under which people experience agency, empowerment, and engagement now that social media have reconfigured broadcast political television.     

正确把握和运用邓小平理论中的讲大局思想

讲大局思想是邓小平理论的重要组成部分.讲大局是党性原则的体现,是讲政治的起码要求;讲大局是传统美德的折射,是讲正气的重要内涵;讲大局是辩证思维的反映,是科学的方法论.自觉学习、正确把握和运用邓小平理论中的讲大局思想,对于深入开展"三讲"教育,提高干部队伍素质,把建设有中国特色社会主义伟大事业不断推向前进,具有十分重大的现实意义.