Conceptualizing educational leadership: does exploring macro-level facets matters?

The present review attempts to examine the present status of educational leadership highlighting the role of macro-level facets in Asian Pacific context. The conceptualization of educational leadership among researchers so far had been found to vary according to different contexts and situations. Theoretical perspectives associated with educational leadership have either approached the concept from dimensions working outside the school or from dimensions reflecting the personality trait of the principal. There is an urgent need to shift the focus of attention toward understanding educational leadership through an interactive collaboration of these dimensions. Specifically, in school contexts, the phenomenon of educational leadership was explored and theorized from one perspective only, giving less space to have multidisciplinary view, which need to be revived in terms of contexts and associated metaphors of educational leadership. Although the importance of educational leadership has been widely acknowledged, its role still remains unheeded in various sections of education. The purpose of the review, thus, is to gain macro-level insight into this concept which can hopefully answer many aspects of education which are otherwise left unanswered, thereby helping in formulating better educational reforms.     

Studies on the antiperoxide and antihaemolytic action of polyamines using human erythrocytes

Blood RBC's were used to study the role of polyamines, putrescine, spermidine and spermine individually as antioxidants against the peroxidative action of H₂O₂ which leads to haemolysis of erythrocytes. Results indicated that putrescine did not act as antioxidant at all concentrations used in our studies. However, spermidine and spermine suppressed peroxidative changes in RBC's due to the action of H₂O₂ and this suppression was greater with higher concentration of these individual polyamines used, separately. Further, all the three polyamines decreased haemolysis of erythrocytes at all concentrations studied. The action of putrescine to suppress haemolysis of RBC's without showing antioxidant property hypothetically suggests that these properties of respective polyamines may have independent mechanism of action.     

The Relationships Among Perfectionism,Acculturation, and Stress in Asian International Students

This study examined relationships among perfectionism, acculturation, and stress in 76 Asian international students. Results showed that perfectionism and acculturation predicted stress, together accounting for 50% of the variance in stress. Furthermore, acculturation explained students' experience of stress above and beyond perfectionism, and 1 specific acculturation variable examined, perceived prejudice, revealed the strongest relationship with stress. Implications for providing counseling services to international students and for future research are described.