Effects of periodic carbohydrate ingestion on endurance and cognitive performances during a 40-km cycling time-trial under normobaric hypoxia in well-trained triathletes

The purpose of this study was to examine CHO ingestion on a cognitive task using a field-simulated time-trial (TT) under hypoxia in well-trained triathletes. Ten male triathletes (age: 22.1 ± 1.1 years; VO₂max: 59.4 ± 1.4 ml/kg/min) participated in this double-blind/crossover/counter-balanced design study. Participants completed 3 TT trials: 1) normoxic placebo (NPLA; FiO₂ = 20.9%), 2) hypoxic placebo (HPLA; FiO₂ = 16.3%), and 3) hypoxic CHO (HCHO; 6% CHO provided as 2 ml/kg/15 min; FiO₂ = 16.3%). During the TT, physiological responses (SpO₂, HR, RPE, and blood glucose/lactate), cognitive performance, and cerebral haemodynamics were measured. Hypoxia reduced TT performance by ~3.5–4% (p < 0.05), but CHO did not affect TT performance under hypoxia. For the cognitive task, CHO slightly preserved exercise-induced cognitive reaction speed but did not affect response accuracy during hypoxic exercise. However, CHO did not preserve the decreased Hb-Diff (cerebral blood flow, CBF) and increased HHb in the prefrontal lobe (p < 0.05) during hypoxic exercise, and CHO failed to preserve hypoxia-suppressed prefrontal CBF and tissue oxygen saturation. In conclusion, the present study demonstrates that CHO is effective in sustaining reaction speed for a cognitive task but not promoting TT performance during hypoxic exercise, which would be important for strategy-/decision-making when athletes compete at moderate high-altitude.     

ORIGINAL PRINT PAINTING RISES WITH POTENTIAL VALUES FOR COLLECTION

Printing painting usually refers to varieties of painting printed on wood, stone, linoleum, copper and zinc blocks carved by knife or etched by chemicals. China is generally recognized as the inventor of printing painting, but for quite a long time, it has had a poor market for print painting trade, with only few collectors dedicated to for this type of painting. In recent years, with print paintings by master artists gaining outstanding performance in the international market, values of original print painting have begun to be recognized in China＇s collection market.     

英语应用能力考试听力题型内容分析和答题策略

对英语应用能力考试中听力题型内容及考生在考试中存在的问题进行分析,提出了有效的答题策略。     

氧化镁和氧化钇掺杂对纳米氧化铝粉末的影响

本文研究了用均相共沉淀法合成氧化铝陶瓷粉末的同时合成氧化镁、氧化钇等掺杂氧化物,发现在掺杂量不大时,同时合成的掺杂氧化物以填隙固溶体方式固溶于立方γ氧化铝中,并且几乎不影响铝氧键性质、晶格常数和衍射波矢,但掺杂使氧化物细化,比表面增大,用此法合成的粉末聚集比较厉害,在粉末中有晶化颗粒存在．     

人脸检测方法研究

随着信息处理技术的逐步发展,人脸检测作为人脸信息处理的核心问题越来越受到重视,人脸检测作为目标检测领域中的一个典型问题,涵盖了多方面学科的知识,包括了模式识别、图像处理、计算机视觉等领域的内容,它的研究与发展必将对这些学科产生极大的推进作用并对一般物体的检测问题具有重要的指导意义.     

从宣传画看中国现代体育

备受世界关注的第29届奥林匹克运动会即将在北京举办,与奥运相关的体育藏品受到收藏者的青睐,新中国建国早期的体育宣传画在今天也倍显珍贵,引发了人们对新中国体育发展历程的回顾。     

公司治理结构与会计信息质量初探

本文分析了公司内外部治理结构和会计信息质量存在的问题,以及公司治理结构缺陷对会计信息质量的影响,并提出了完善我国公司内外部治理结构,提高会计信息质量的几种措施。     

关于计算机辅助教育评价的探讨

计算机辅助教育系统的开发和评价是密不可分的,评价是为了促进系统的开发。本文就计算机辅助教育评价的标准进行了探讨,并针对当前评价存在的问题给出了几点建议。     

羽毛球运动健身价值的分析

随着经济的不断发展,人们对健康有了很大的认识,健康的重要性越来越被人们所重视.通过文献资料法收集资料,对羽毛球运动的一些问题进行了解,加以分析研究.通过对羽毛球教师的询问了解羽毛球的技战术及运动特征,加以分析处理.进一步阐述羽毛球的健康价值,让更多的人参与到羽毛球运动当中去从而促进社会的和谐发展.