基于人工神经网络的模式识别

利用数学软件MATLAB研究了基于人工神经网络的模式识别,这种基于人工神经网络的模式识别系统不仅能够识别字母还能识别汉字和数字,适用于汉字识别和数字签名。     

How Can We Measure the Success of National Science Policies in the Short or Medium Term?

As science and engineering are taking on an increasing political importance in a knowledge-driven economy, there is growing need for Governments, scientists, industrialists and voluntary groups to measure the degree to which national science policies are contributing effectively to economic and social wellbeing. However, the long-term and diffuse nature of their effects makes it difficult to ascertain with great confidence the likely benefits of particular science policies. As a pressure group concerned with the scientific strength of the UK, the Campaign for Science and Engineering has developed a series of five tests that must be met if politicians and others are to have a reasonable level of certainty that the country has robust policies in terms of public investment in research; the career structure of scientists and engineers; the system of science education; private sector investment in research; and the use of scientific advice by public bodies. These tests could be used or adapted by other nations or supranational bodies to give a broad picture of their strengths and weaknesses in science and technology policy. At present, the UK does not meet any of these simple criteria.     

All-Inclusive Conceptualization as a Dimension of Trainee Empathic Responding

Investigations into the personality characteristic all-inclusive conceptualization (AIC) indicated that this variable was related to the ability to integrate facilitative interpersonal behaviors. A test of AIC was administered to 28 counseling practicum students who also submitted audiotapes of an initial, middle, and final counseling session. The sessions were rated, using a 5-point Carkhuff scale, as to the level of empathic understanding present. Significant negative correlations were found between scores on the test and rated levels of empathic understanding in each counseling session. The correlations indicated that those trainees who scored higher on the test of AIC offered their clients lower levels of empathic understanding than did their lower scoring colleagues. Implications for this finding are discussed.     

我国儿童、青少年诚信观发展现状研究

诚信观是个体关于诚信的含义、价值及其判断标准的系统性认识。我国儿童、青少年基本上能够对诚信的含义有准确的把握,其诚信观在对己、对他两个范畴上存在显著的差异性;在诚实观上,男女学生的对己诚实观存在显著的性别差异,女生高于男生,在对他诚实维度上不存在显著的性别差异。在守信观上,不存在显著的性别差异;在诚信对象的选择上,具有依亲情的亲疏程度选择个人诚信对象的倾向性。     

浅议中国公民规则意识

中国改革开放以来“公民”一词在社会生活中逐渐代替了“人民”一词。中国每个社会成员内心怎么完成由“人民”转化为“公民”,怎样使社会成员内化理解“公民”的内涵,然后外化为合格“公民”的行为,那就需要树立全社会成员的公民规则意识。讨论“公民规则意识”的内涵、现阶段中国公民规则意识的现状、以及现阶段中国公民规则意识的成因、在当今现实下培养中国公民规则意识的途径。     

大学功能的内在逻辑探究

大学功能的发展绝非由单一功能走向多元功能的线性过程,而是有其内在逻辑可资遵循。在大学视域中,教学、学术研究、传承文化与服务社会等概念蕴含着丰富的内容,存在着较大的解释和理解空间。如果不在一个逻辑框架下进行解读就会造成对这些概念理解上的歧义、偏差与泛化,最终误读了"大学"。学术性教学与学术研究是大学之"体",传承文化与服务社会是大学之"用",体用不二、有机融合,是大学功能延伸的内在逻辑。大学应专注于提高学术性教学与学术研究的品质,通过学术性教学与学术研究培养具有高深学问、品德高尚和批判精神的专业人才,同时实现文化的传承与创新、选择与批判,以服务社会的发展。     

青年奥运会的历史溯源、传播效应与机遇挑战——基于全球青少年体育发展的战略思考

青年奥运会是国家奥委会进行组织改革的主要措施之一,是对于全球青少年体育发展的一次理念引导和实践创举。将欧洲青年奥林匹克节、澳大利亚青年奥林匹克节和青奥会对比研究,发现青奥会是国际奥运会基于全球化、普及化、生活化视角对青少年体育可持续发展的一种战略举措。从传播学视角分析,青奥会大众传播模式使得青少年体育的主要结构和本质功能得以释放,并作为传播中的"舆论领袖",其传播内容的兼容性、传播主体的多元性和传播效应的持续性使得青奥会对青少年体育发展产生其重要的影响效应。从赛事影响力角度看,青奥会的竞争性弱化、缺乏大牌明星等是此项赛会面临的挑战。     

劳动、自由与过程和谐——从怀特海看马克思

从平面、静态的结构层面来理解和谐,往往流于在知识论层面维系人、自然、社会等要素之间的关系平衡,它极易演变成一种观念上的权谋之术,从而遮蔽了和谐本身所应具有的生存论的底蕴.从怀特海过程思想出发,结合马克思对劳动、自由等概念的理解,可以实现一种从结构和谐到过程和谐的视角转换,如此一来,和谐就意味在冒险、创造、激情中造就具有强烈经验值的自我实现.     

现代体育的"原典"价值与青少年生存智慧的哲学诉求

体育的发展以人的发展为逻辑起点,并为每个生命的全面发展提供最大的可能性.以哲学的视角审视现代体育的"原典"价值与青少年生存智慧的内在关联,并梳理出现代体育"原典"价值"以生为本"的哲学诉求,以及青少年生存发展的价值延伸,为其创设完美的成人、成功、成才的智慧空间.