Unpacking the effects of adverse regulatory events: Evidence from pharmaceutical relabeling

We provide causal evidence that regulation induced product shocks significantly impact aggregate demand and firm performance in pharmaceutical markets. Event study results suggest an average loss between $569 million and $882 million. Affected products lose, on average, $186 million over their remaining effective patent life. This leaves a loss of between $383 million and $696 million attributable to declines in future innovation. Our findings complement research that shows drugs receiving expedited review are more likely to suffer from regulation induced product shocks. Thus, it appears we may be trading off quicker access to drugs today for less innovation tomorrow. Results remain robust to variation across types of relabeling, market sizes, and levels of competition.     

浅析网络时代的社会热点问题与高校思想政治教育的结合

社会热点问题是大学生关注程度和参与程度较高的事件或现象,对大学生正确的世界观、价值观和人生观的形成有重要的影响。而网络时代的热点问题以高效、快速的特点吸引了大学生的眼球,在网络时代的背景下,将社会热点问题纳入到学生的思想政治教育中,创新教育模式,建立教育机制,从而实现对大学生思想教育的目的。     

A simplified design of the staggered herringbone micromixer for practical applications

We demonstrated a simple method for the device design of a staggered herringbone micromixer (SHM) using numerical simulation. By correlating the simulated concentrations with channel length, we obtained a series of concentration versus channel length profiles, and used mixing completion length L_m as the only parameter to evaluate the performance of device structure on mixing. Fluorescence quenching experiments were subsequently conducted to verify the optimized SHM structure for a specific application. Good agreement was found between the optimization and the experimental data. Since L_m is straightforward, easily defined and calculated parameter for characterization of mixing performance, this method for designing micromixers is simple and effective for practical applications.     

读书活动与少年儿童阅读能力的培养

本文分析了读书活动在少年儿童阅读能力培养中的地位和作用。由于读书活动在影响少年儿童阅读能力培养中的辅助性作用,决定着少儿图书馆开展读书活动必须营造良好的读书氛围,必须追求阶段性、系统性、连贯性的一致。     

自由低音手风琴复调音乐作品的风箱探索与运用——《恰空》舞曲的风箱设计与实践

自由低音手风琴作为年轻的键盘乐器,在演奏复调音乐方面有着独特的优势与魅力。本文从自由低音手风琴的演奏机制出发,探讨复调音乐作品《恰空》舞曲的风箱设计与运用,旨在提高演奏者的风箱驾驭能力与综合音乐能力。     

光果甘草愈伤组织总黄酮和总酚提取工艺优化

目的:优化光果甘草愈伤组织中总黄酮和总酚提取工艺,为其细胞培养或高产细胞株筛选时成分检测提供参考.方法:以光果甘草愈伤组织干粉为材料,分别采用单因素和正交设计方法,考察液料比、乙醇浓度、温度和时间对其总黄酮和总酚提取率的影响.结果:工艺优化所得总黄酮提取最佳工艺为:液料比为50:1、乙醇浓度60％、温度50℃、时间60 min;总酚提取最佳工艺为液料比为50:1,乙醇浓度60％、温度70℃、时间25 min.结论:该提取工艺简单可行,可用于细胞培养或高产株筛选时中总黄酮和总酚的检测.     

对游泳运动员肌肉恢复特点的研究

在多年的运动训练实践中 ,发现游泳运动员的肌肉恢复会出现与身体机能恢复不一致的现象 ,肌肉的恢复状况直接影响训练和比赛的成绩。     

中国制造业技术进步演进特征及行业差异性研究

采用标准化供给面系统法,对1980-2011年期间中国制造业及其细分行业的资本-劳动替代弹性、资本和劳动技术进步速率以及技术进步偏向指数进行了测算,结果表明:1996年是中国制造业技术进步方式发生根本变化的转折点;从不同行业看,劳动密集型、资本密集型和技术密集型行业的资本和劳动都具有互补关系,但在程度上已表现出各自的差异性。其中,技术密集型行业的资本和劳动互补性最强,是制造业发展方式转变和产业结构升级的中坚力量。     

The impact of coworker support and stigma on breastfeeding after returning to work

This study assessed the impact of coworker support on lactating mothers’ breastfeeding self-efficacy after maternity leave. A cross-sectional survey of 1000 working adults assessed effects of perception of fairness, coworkers’ support for breastfeeding colleagues, and ick response on willingness to help mothers needing breaks to pump breastmilk at work. The study also examined how coworker support affected mothers’ self-efficacy to continue breastfeeding. One out of four coworkers showed moderate to strong stigma, saw breaks to pump breastmilk as unfair, and showed less intention to help new mothers. These results suggest that while the majority of coworkers are generally supportive, lactating women are likely to encounter disapproving coworkers who may discourage them from continuing to breastfeed. The data showed that the majority of organizations included in this study have only passively fostered mother-friendly workplaces and could do more to encourage employees to be supportive of lactating colleagues.     

高职院校辅导员工作现状及对策研究——以学生为主体的德育改革视角

在注重＂以人为本＂、＂科学发展＂的高等教育改革背景下,高等院校的辅导员工作也应采取一系列改革措施,本文针对各高职院校目前的德育工作现状,提出了一系列有益的建议和对策。