为生存而斗争的中国人

中国的烹饪技术虽然是世界上的奇迹之一,然而对于平民百姓来说,是肚子而不是口味决定他们吃些什么.     

Public health practitioners' information access and use patterns in the Maryland (USA) public health departments of Anne Arundel and Wicomico Counties

PURPOSE: To increase understanding of the information needs and use of public health practitioners. SETTING: From June 2005 to May 2006, the library offered a course in public health information resources to eighteen practitioners in two counties, access to the library's licensed electronic resources through a tailored web portal, and consulting services. EVALUATION METHOD: We combined usage statistics from the web portal, self-report and observational data collected during training and shadowing of participants. CONCLUSIONS: The data from this project indicate that usage of licensed information resources and services is infrequent but broad ranging. A few users register at the high end of the usage range, but one use of one high quality article can have a significant impact on policy decisions. Time and competing responsibilities often constrain the retrieval and use of resources for evidence-based decision making and an informationist or power-user model may be more appropriate than training all practitioners to integrate searching into their workflow. This study indicates (i) that evidence-based public health practice requires seamless and broadly based information access; and (ii) that the currently existing patchwork does not support the level of use or take into account the time constraints of information needs for public health practice.     

夏洛的网（节选）

一头名叫威尔伯的小猪和一只叫夏洛的蜘蛛成了朋友。小猪未来的命运是成为圣诞节的盘中大餐。威尔伯试过逃跑,但它只是一只猪。看似渺小的夏洛说：“让我来帮你。”于是夏洛用它的网在猪栏中织出“好猪”“杰出”“谦虚”等字样,那些被人类视为奇迹的字样让威尔伯的命运逆转,终于得到了一个安享天命的未来。但在这时,蜘蛛夏洛的生命却走到了尽头……     

情报科学和明晰系统

文章作者系伊利诺斯大学的情报科学教授,他所创建的明晰(transparent)系统的情报理论颇为有名。这种理论的基本点是采用译码器和转换器使复杂难懂的各个组成部分得到集成和协调而能为不经过专门训练的一般用户所理解。这篇文章就是作者因她有新的贡献,在1984年美国情报学会年会上受奖时的讲话全文。     

原子能的和平应用

苏联部长会议关於第一个原子能工业电力站开始发电的公报,是一件极其重要的事件。它标志着复杂的、繁重的科学研究工作业已告一段落,许多工程技术上的问题也已经得到了解决。第一个原子能工业电力站的开始发电,向全世界宣示了社会主义技术的威力和在发展速度上业已超出资本主义国家科学的苏维埃科学的伟大胜利,同时用事实打击了各种各样外国宣傅家的立足之地,这些宣傅家们一口咬定说,原子能的和平应用,是不现实的,遥远的将来     

日本对才能与创造力的态度 从一个拥有一亿一千五百万超级成就者的国家得到的启发

在1960年代,美国似乎站在世界创造力发展的前列。但目前的倾向是倒退了,而且我们存在着一个全国性的未能充分发挥学生潜能的问题,这个问题类似于多少年来对天资和才能学生感兴趣的人们所关心的问题。如果我们能从被认为拥有一亿一千五百万超级成就者的国家——日本,关于才能与创造     

The behavioral and emotional problems of former unaccompanied refugee children 3-4 years after their return to Vietnam

OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study was to examine the behavioral and emotional problems of former unaccompanied refugee children who had repatriated to Vietnam from refugee centers in Hong Kong and South East Asia. The children were compared with a matched sample of children who had never left Vietnam. METHOD: The participants consisted of 455 Vietnamese children aged between 10 and 22 years; 238 of the children had formerly resided in refugee camps without their parents. Data were collected using the Achenbach Youth Self-Report, the Cowen Perceived Self-Efficacy scale, a Social Support scale as well as an Exposure to Trauma scale. RESULTS: No significant difference was found between the two groups of children on the YSR Total Score. The former refugee children had significantly lower Externalizing scores and failed marginally to report significantly higher Internalizing scores than the local children. The study showed that the perceived self-efficacy, number of social supports and experience of social support did not differ between the two groups of children. Further analysis showed that a significant interaction between the immigration status of the children and the children's subjective perception of their current standard of living explained the differences in the YSR. CONCLUSION: The results suggest that the experience of living without parents in a refugee camp does not lead to increased behavioral and emotional problems in the immediate years after repatriation.