高职机电一体化专业指导性培养方案的研究与开发

本课题组调查分析了高职机电一体化专业人才知识结构与能力结构，以及目前高职机电一体化专业培养方案中存在的问题，有针对性的提出了两年制高职机电一体化专业培养方案的构建思路、改革和开发建议。     

广州市普教系统校办产业发展与对策（下）

所谓“教育产业”，其核心实质是要强调办学的效率和双重效益，办教育同样是以效益和效率为导向，而强化效率和效益的办学观念就是要转变传统的办学思想。过去，办学强调的是有指导的管理，而非有效的管理；重视的是有秩序而非竞争；期待的是“等靠要”而非相对自主的发展。今天，在重新梳理教育与经济的关系时，就必须对教育的发展进行整体的重构。换言之，办学思想中应当融汇计划与市场双。     

合并升级的高职院校院系管理模式探讨

高职院校院系管理模式是集权制抑或是分权制,是目前高职院校面临的选择。集权制与分权制各有优劣,高职院校可依不同发展阶段进行合理的选择,才能达到整体发展战略的实现和高效率化原则的贯彻。     

The comparison of the three assays for determination of fecal calprotectin in inflammatory bowel disease

IntroductionFecal calprotectin is a biomarker for monitoring inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) activity. Our aim, therefore, was to evaluate two new assays, the point of care test Quantum Blue and the Liaison Calprotectin with respect to the Calprest, commonly used assay, and to determine their performance for IBD diagnosis.Materials and methodsWe included 73 prospective patients with IBD. Fecal calprotectin was measured and analysed with the routine Calprest assay and two recently introduced assays, the Quantum Blue and the Liaison Calprotectin. Furthermore, we compared the results by Bland and Altman analysis, and Passing-Bablok regression.ResultsWe observed no difference in median calprotectin values obtained by the Calprest (94.6 µg/g, 95%CI 66.5 to 166.1) and Liaison assay (101.0 µg/g, 95%CI 48.1 to 180.1) whereas significantly higher concentrations were obtained with the Quantum Blue assay (240.0 µg/g, 95%CI 119.9 to 353.2). The mean absolute and relative difference between the Calprest and Quantum Blue methods was statistically significant (- 162.3 µg/g and
- 143.1%). Mean absolute difference between the Calprest and Liaison calprotectin methods was positive (2.2 µg/g). The agreement between assays revealed that Quantum Blue and Calprest have fair agreement with Kappa coefficient of 0.38 (95%CI 0.26 to 0.51). Liaison Calprotectin and Calprest revealed moderate agreement with a weak Kappa coefficient of 0.47 (95%CI 0.32 to 0.62).ConclusionClinicians should be aware of these differences between the assays and avoid comparison of their respective results.     

Seroprevalence of SARS-CoV-2 infection among children in Children’s Hospital Zagreb during the initial and second wave of COVID-19 pandemic in Croatia

IntroductionThe study aimed to investigate the prevalence and titres of anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies in children treated at the Children’s Hospital Zagreb in the first and the second wave of the COVID-19 pandemic. Statistical significance of difference at two time points was done to determine how restrictive epidemiological measures and exposure of children to COVID-19 infection affect this prevalence in different age groups.Materials and methodsAt the first time point (13th to 29th May 2020), 240 samples and in second time point (24th October to 23rd November 2020), 308 serum samples were tested for anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and electrochemiluminescence immunoassay (ECLIA). Confirmation of results and titre determination was done using virus micro-neutralization test. Subjects were divided according to gender, age and epidemiological history.ResultsSeroprevalence of anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies differs significantly in two time points (P = 0.010). In first time point 2.9% of seropositive children were determined and in second time point 8.4%. Statistically significant difference (P = 0.007) of seroprevalence between two time points was found only in a group of children aged 11-19 years. At the first time point, all seropositive children were asymptomatic with titre < 8. At the second time point, 69.2% seropositive children were asymptomatic with titre ≥ 8.ConclusionsThe prevalence of anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies was significantly lower at the first time point than at the second time point. Values of virus micro-neutralization test showed that low titre in asymptomatic children was not protective at the first time point but in second time point all seropositive children had protective titre of anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies.     

Eosinophil cationic protein--current concepts and controversies

Eosinophil cationic protein (ECP) is a heterogeneous molecule originating from activated eosinophil granulocytes. Biological activity and the cellular content of ECP are determined by genetic and posttranslational factors. Several single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in human ECP gene (RNASE3) have been described so far. ECP is a mediator in host immune response to parasites, bacteria and viruses. By its cytotoxic and non-cytotoxic activity, ECP may also cause side-effects in the host's own tissues. The largest number of clinical studies is focused on the role of ECP in eosinophil-related disorders, particularly in asthma. Although present in numerous body fluids, difficult bioavailability of biological material, invasive sampling methods and complex sample management prior to ECP level determination are the reasons that serum is most commonly used in routine laboratory practice. As numerous biological and methodological preanalytical factors (the type of collection test-tube, temperature and duration of blood clotting, centrifugation, hemolysis) may affect test result, the sample for serum ECP determination should be collected under standardized conditions. Regarding interpretation of results, it is necessary, along with absolute ECP concentration values, to monitor changes in ECP concentration during the duration of disease or after implemented therapy, and interpret ECP test result in combination with other laboratory and clinical findings. Rational approach to selection of new tests is indeed one of important requirements that medical workers meet today. To enable them to determine the clinical significance of ECP with better certainty, further studies on a large number of specific patient groups are needed.     

Continuing professional development crediting system for specialists in laboratory medicine within 28 EFLM national societies

Introduction:

Continuing professional development (CPD) with corresponding crediting system is recognized as essential for the laboratory medicine specialists to provide optimal service for the patients. Article presents results of the survey evaluating current CPD crediting practice among members of European Federation of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine (EFLM).

Materials and methods:

A questionnaire had been forwarded to presidents/national representatives of all EFLM members, with invitation to provide information about CPD programmes and crediting policies, as well as feedback on individual CPD categories, through scoring their relevance.

Results:

Complete or partial answers were received from 28 of 38 members. In 23 countries, CPD programmes exist and earn credits, with 19 of them offering access to non-medical scientists. CPD activities are evaluated in all participating countries, regardless to the existence of an official CPD programme. Among participating members with mandatory specialists’ licensing (22/28), CPD is a prerequisite for relicensing in 13 countries. Main categories recognized as CPD are: continuing education (24 countries), article/book (17/14 countries) authorship and distance learning (14 countries). The highest median score of relevance (20) is allocated to professional training, editor/authorship and official activities in professional organizations, with the first category showing the least variation among scores.

Conclusions:

Majority of EFLM members have developed CPD programmes, regularly evaluated and accompanied by crediting systems. Programmes differ in accessibility for non-medical scientists and impact on relicensing eligibility. Continuing education, authorship and e-learning are mainly recognized as CPD activities, although the professional training is appreciated as the most important individual CPD category.     

石家庄高职教育发展战略研究

石家庄高职教育发展取得了很大成绩，但也存在一些亟待解决的问题。加强政府宏观调控职能，紧密结合当地经济社会发展，强强联合，组建高职教育集团是今后一个时期石家庄高职教育发展的战略举措。     

追求融合走向发展

悠悠千古,川西民间文化博大精深,闪烁着世世代代川西人的智慧光彩。将川西民间艺术、民俗资源与幼儿园课程相整合,推动幼儿教育课程改革,是成都市成华区幼教区域性课题。两年多来,为实现这一目标追求,成华区幼教工作者凭着对幼教工作的满腔热忱和科学态度,书写着充满时代气息的教育华章。古老的川西民间艺术、民俗资源在成华区的幼儿园绽放新花,幼儿教师引领着天真烂漫的孩子,打捞出先人的智慧彩贝,收获到充满童趣的无尽欢乐……——编者