Child protection and justice systems processing of serious child abuse and neglect cases

OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to examine the trajectory of cases through four systems: child protection, law enforcement, the dependency courts, and the criminal courts. METHOD: This study focused on a county selected from a 41-county telephone survey conducted for the National Incidence Study of Child Abuse and Neglect (NIS-3). For this analysis prospective samples were drawn from law enforcement (n=225) and the county child protection (CPS) agency (n=225) and followed through in-depth case tracking across all agencies and through both the dependency and criminal court systems. RESULTS: The percentage of CPS cases opened in dependency court was similar to prior studies (29%), but the acceptance and prosecution rates were much higher--92% of the cases referred from CPS, including many cases of physical abuse. Compared to referrals from CPS to law enforcement (93%), few cases were referred from law enforcement to CPS (17%). Anecdotally, case referral patterns appeared to be influenced by communication patterns and mutual positive regard, regardless of the collaborative protocols in place. One of the most instructive findings was the degree of difficulty in tracking cases across organizations and the types of obstacles that impeded success. Disorganization was not an issue, rather internal structures set up to facilitate intra-organizational processing were the same structures that actually impeded cross-organizational case finding. CONCLUSIONS: It is not sufficient to rely on the existence of multi-disciplinary teams or Child Advocacy Centers to ensure collaboration. More attention to daily tasks and activities as well as the nature and quality of communication is warranted. On the technical side, use of common case identifiers on cases that are cross-referred is strongly recommended. Future studies should broaden the scope of inquiry to include the consequences of all case trajectories, rather than solely focusing on the justice system.     

Lessons learned from single service point implementations

Interest in consolidating service points within health sciences libraries continues. This article proposes a definition of a library single service point and mentions some notable examples in academic health sciences libraries. The experiences of two of these libraries are summarized and compared, and the advice culled from those experiences is shared. The advice is in the form of sharing lessons learned, answering six frequently asked questions about combining services and staff under a single service umbrella. The article offers insights for other library staff considering this type of service reorganization.     

洛克希德 “黑鸟”——A-12、YF-12和SR-71（四）

在英国的行动 在“超级皇冠”项目初期,具备任务出动能力的SR-71的数量不断减少。2个飞行中队在1971年4月合并为1个。随着美国从南越撤军以及“赎罪日战争”最终结束,美军的部队授权飞机数量也在逐渐减少。到1977年,SR-71A的“主要授权飞机”（PAA）也减至6架,经费也相应削减。由于SR-71主要是一种成象平台,     

天堂和地狱

有一个男子,因汽车失事而离世。当他醒过来时,发现自己在一个陌生的地方,四周非常静寂。     

人和自然界的一致

我们不要过分陶醉于我们对自然界的胜利。对于每一次这样的胜利,自然界都报复了我们。每一次胜利,在第一步都确实取得了我们预期的结果,但是在第二步和第三步却有了完全不同的、出乎预料的影响,常常把第一个结果又取消了。……因此我们必须时时记住:我们统治自然界,决不象征服者统治异族一样,决不象站在自然界以外的人一样。相反地,我们连同我们的肉、血和头脑都属于     

How Does the Intertidal Sipunculid Phascolosoma Arcuatum Detoxify Hydrogen Sulphide in a Lack of Oxygen

Inmanymarinesediments,considerableconcentrationsofhydrogensulphidearefound[1].Hydrogensulphideistoxictoanimalsduetothestrongbutreversible-bindingtocytochromeaa3andtheconsequentinhibitionofaerobicmetabolism[2].However,itcannotexcludeanimalinthesemarinebiotopes.Severalinvertebrates,similartothemammalianliver,canoxidizesulphidetonon-toxicthiosulphateandsulphate[1].VolkelandGrieshaber[3]reportedthatthesipunculidSipunculusnudus,whichinhabitsarelativelysandysubstratum,oxidizessulphidetothiosulphate…     

Einstein, race, and the myth of the cultural icon

The most remarkable aspect of Einstein's 1946 address at Lincoln University is that it has vanished from Einstein's recorded history. Its disappearance into a historical black hole symbolizes what seems to happen in the creation of a cultural icon. It is but one of many political statements by Einstein to have met such a fate, though his civil rights activism is most glaringly missing. One explanation for this historical amnesia is that those who shape our official memories felt that Einstein's "controversial" friends like Paul Robeson and activities like co-chairing the anti-lynching crusade might tarnish Einstein as an icon. That icon, sanctified by Time magazine when it dubbed Einstein "Person of the Century" at the end of 1999, is a myth, albeit a marvelous one. Yet it is not so much the motive for the omission but the consequence of it that should concern us. Americans and the millions of Einstein fans around the world are left unaware that he was an outspoken, passionate, committed antiracist.