Red pigment production by Penicillium purpurogenum GH2 is influenced by pH and temperature

The combined effects of pH and temperature on red pigment production and fungal morphology were evaluated in a submerged culture of Penicillium purpurogenum GH2, using Czapek-Dox media with d-xylose as a carbon source. An experimental design with a factorial fix was used: three pH values (5, 7, and 9) and two temperature levels (24 and 34 °C) were evaluated. The highest production of red pigment (2.46 g/L) was reached with a pH value of 5 and a temperature of 24 °C. Biomass and red pigment production were not directly associated. This study demonstrates that P. purpurogenum GH2 produces a pigment of potential interest to the food industry. It also shows the feasibility of producing and obtaining natural water-soluble pigments for potential use in food industries. A strong combined effect (p<0.05) of pH and temperature was associated with maximal red pigment production (2.46 g/L).     

Risk of venous thromboembolic disease in postmenopausal women taking oral or transdermal hormone replacement therapy

Objective  

The influence of hormone replacement therapy (HRT) on hemostasis processes depends on the type of hormone, the combination of doses, the time of taking HRT, and the route of administration (oral, transdermal, implanted). The aim of the current study was to assess some parameters of coagulation, especially tissue factor pathway inhibitor (TFPI) and tissue factor (TF) in postmenopausal women using oral or transdermal HRT.     

A multiple-dose pharmacokinetics of polyethylene glycol recombinant human interleukin-6 (PEG-rhIL-6) in rats

Radiation therapy has been widely applied in cancer treatment. However, it often causes thrombocytopenia (deficiency of white blood cells) as an adverse effect. Recombinant human interleukin-6 (rhIL-6) has been found to be a very effective way against this thrombocytopenia, but IL-6 has low stability in blood, which reduces its efficacy. To increases the stability and half-life of rhIL-6, it was modified by polyethylene glycol (PEG). The pharmacokinetics and the tissue distribution of PEG-rhIL-6 labeled with ¹²⁵I were examined after subcutaneous injection in rats. The pharmacokinetic pattern of PEG-rhIL-6 was defined with linear-kinetics, and we fitted a one-compartment model with half-lives of 10.44–11.37 h (absorption, t _{1/2K a}) and 19.77–21.53 h (elimination, t _1/2Ke), and peak concentrations at 20.51–21.96 h (t _peak) in rats. Half-lives and t _peak of PEG-rhIL-6 were longer than those of rhIL-6 previously reported. In the present study, for deposition of PEG-rhIL-6 in rats, the tissue distribution examination showed that blood was the major organ involved, rather than liver. However, as to the elimination of PEG-rhIL-6, the major organ was the kidney. The excretion fraction of the injection dose recovered from urine was 23.32% at 192 h after subcutaneous administration. Less than 6% of PEG-rhIL-6 was eliminated via the feces at 192 h. These results indicate that PEG-rhIL-6 is a good candidate drug formulation for patients with cancer.     

The Colorado Learning Attitudes about Science Survey (CLASS) for use in Biology

This paper describes a newly adapted instrument for measuring novice-to-expert-like perceptions about biology: the Colorado Learning Attitudes about Science Survey for Biology (CLASS-Bio). Consisting of 31 Likert-scale statements, CLASS-Bio probes a range of perceptions that vary between experts and novices, including enjoyment of the discipline, propensity to make connections to the real world, recognition of conceptual connections underlying knowledge, and problem-solving strategies. CLASS-Bio has been tested for response validity with both undergraduate students and experts (biology PhDs), allowing student responses to be directly compared with a consensus expert response. Use of CLASS-Bio to date suggests that introductory biology courses have the same challenges as introductory physics and chemistry courses: namely, students shift toward more novice-like perceptions following instruction. However, students in upper-division biology courses do not show the same novice-like shifts. CLASS-Bio can also be paired with other assessments to: 1) examine how student perceptions impact learning and conceptual understanding of biology, and 2) assess and evaluate how pedagogical techniques help students develop both expertise in problem solving and an expert-like appreciation of the nature of biology.     

标准碎片化下的专利战略———基于5G 增强移动宽带技术的研究

文章利用复杂网络分析方法对5G增强移动宽带（eMBB）技术专利进行数据分析和可视化呈现,研究了该行业的技术竞争态势和领先企业专利战略。研究发现,标准碎片化背景下企业的专利战略发生了战略性变化,亚洲企业普遍选择在技术领域上与美国企业错位竞争。华为、OPPO等中国企业通过差异化和重点突破在5G技术版图中已占据了重要位置,但与高通等相比在技术领域的广度和深度方面仍有不足,IDAC提供了非产品导向专利战略的重要启示。本研究为复杂技术背景下的创新和专利战略提供了建议。     

论图书馆数据备份工作

阐述网络环境下图书馆数据备份问题,并着重讨论图书馆数据备份的重要性和必要性。分析威胁数据安全的诸多因素,结合实际工作对数据备份工作的要求,提出图书馆网络数据备份的内容及方法。     

高职院校图书馆网站现状与几点建议

高职院校图书馆网站既是图书馆展示宣传自己的窗口,更是集成图书馆各种服务、各种信息资源的平台。分析实际工作中图书馆网站在使用中出现的问题,从图书馆建设理念、技术维护、内容更新等几个方面入手提出解决的思路。     

未来10年为了可持续发展的地质科学

一、地质科学和环境 地质科学家进入环境领域相对较晚,在这一领域,工程师、地理学家、生物学家、气象学家、海洋学家和一些其它学科的科学家领先于他们。这已经对地质科学家在某些主要的应用科学团体和研究项目的地位和需