Child emotionality and maternal responsiveness as predictors of reunion behaviors in the strange situation: links mediated and unmediated by separation distress

Children's emotionality--fear, anger, and joy--observed outside of the relationship with the mother (in standard laboratory paradigms), and within that relationship (in mother-child interactions), and mothers' responsiveness, all at 9 and 14 months, were examined as predictors of the reunion behaviors in the Strange Situation at 14 months in 112 children. Many predictors were linked to the reunion behaviors, but most of those relations were at least partially mediated by children's separation distress, which itself strongly predicted the reunion behaviors. Those relations were no longer significant when distress was controlled. Several links, however, remained significant, and they were unmediated by distress: Almost all involved measures assessed within the context of the mother-child relationship. In particular, possible markers of a suboptimal relationship (children's dampened joy and increased anger in interactions with the mother, poor maternal responsiveness) were associated with more avoidance and resistance upon reunion, even after accounting for the strong impact of distress. Studying how factors measured outside of and within early relationships influence the components of the attachment system may foster understanding of child behavior in the Strange Situation.     

国家科学基金视角下图书情报与档案管理学科发展分析

[目的/意义]深入分析图书情报与档案管理学科的国家科学基金资助项目立项情况,从基金视角呈现学科发展态势,为研究人员提供系统性参考。[研究设计/方法]运用统计分析、词频分析及可视化方法,对图书情报与档案管理学科国家社会科学基金(1994-2018年)、国家自然科学基金(1997-2018年)资助项目进行了立项数量、立项地区、立项机构及立项主题分析。[结论/发现]图书情报与档案管理学科发展渐趋成熟,但地区、科研机构间的立项分布不均衡;研究主题变迁体现出学科发展的延续性与变革性特征。[创新/价值]较为全面地考察了图书情报与档案管理学科的国家科学基金资助项目立项情况,明确了基金立项在地区及机构间的扩散态势,直观呈现立项主题词的历时演化,兼顾热点主题与新兴主题,较好地区分了延续型与涌现型词汇。     

Fragile but real: children's capacity to use newly acquired words to convey preverbal memories

There is ongoing debate about children's ability to use subsequently acquired language to describe preverbal experiences. This issue was addressed experimentally in this investigation using a novel paradigm. Two-year-old children who lacked color words were individually taught to activate a bubble machine by selecting a particular color of bubble solution. The children then participated in weekly, experimenter-provided activities that fostered their acquisition of the color labels. After 2 months, their ability to apply the newly acquired words in reporting the original event was assessed. A significant proportion of the children demonstrated verbal recall when prompted in the presence of physical reminders of the event. These findings indicate that some early, preverbal memories are translated into words at a later time.     

Adolescents' cognitive and emotional responses to marital hostility

Early adolescents' (11-14 years) responses to marital hostility were examined in a sample of 416 families. The cognitive-contextual perspective and emotional security hypothesis guided the study and 9 adolescent responses were identified. Prospective associations were examined in several structural equation models that included adolescent problems as outcomes. Self-blame and perceived threat uniquely mediated the association between Year 1 marital hostility and Year 3 adolescent externalizing problems (p<.05). Self-blame, lower constructive representations, internalization of feelings, avoidance, and emotional dysregulation uniquely mediated the association between Year 1 marital hostility and Year 3 internalizing problems. Specific cognitive and emotionally based responses are important to understanding how martial hostility affects youth and need to be considered within an integrated model.     

比“粉丝”

垃圾猫和裤G想比比谁的"粉丝"多。趁同学们做完课间操的时候,校长说:"你们不是喜欢《课外生活》的裤G和垃圾猫吗?今天,他们都来到了我们学校。"裤G和垃圾猫分别站在校长左、右两边。"哦———""耶———"同学们欢呼雀跃起来。等到同学们安静下来,校长继续说:"现在,以我站的位置为界限,裤G的‘粉丝’站在左边,垃圾猫的‘粉丝’站在右边。"     

基于人本原理的高校教师绩效管理探讨

人本原理的基本内涵是尊重人、依靠人、发展人、为了人。高校教师除了具有人力资源的一般特性之外,还具有独特性。这些独特性决定了高校实施教师绩效管理更要体现"以人为本"的理念,凸显教师的主体地位,最大限度地调动其积极性和创造性。     

《伯牙绝弦》教学

教学内容 人教版六年级上册第八单元第25课。 教学目标 1．感受祖国语言文字的魅力,有感情地朗读课文,背诵课文。2省色根据注释和资料理解词句意思,能用自己的话讲述故事;学会围绕重点词句学习古文。3．积累中华经典诗文,感受朋友间真挚的友情。     

努力构建边疆多民族地区社会主义核心价值体系

边疆多民族地区建设社会主义核心价值体系面临的难题主要体现在社会经济发展的滞后。社会转型时期的深刻变革带来的多种多样的社会思潮猛烈地冲击着社会主义核心价值体系的建设。对此,应坚持以构建社会主义和谐社会为契机,推动社会经济科学发展,加强民族和谐文化建设,依托民族院校为重要教育平台,推动边疆多民族地区社会主义核心价值体系的建设。     

A grounded theory of young tennis players use of music to manipulate emotional state

The main objectives of this study were (a) to elucidate young tennis players' use of music to manipulate emotional states, and (b) to present a model grounded in present data to illustrate this phenomenon and to stimulate further research. Anecdotal evidence suggests that music listening is used regularly by elite athletes as a preperformance strategy, but only limited empirical evidence corroborates such use. Young tennis players (N = 14) were selected purposively for interview and diary data collection. Results indicated that participants consciously selected music to elicit various emotional states; frequently reported consequences of music listening included improved mood, increased arousal, and visual and auditory imagery. The choice of music tracks and the impact of music listening were mediated by a number of factors, including extramusical associations, inspirational lyrics, music properties, and desired emotional state. Implications for the future investigation of preperformance music are discussed.