素质教育背景下考试方式的演变路向研究

素质教育是我国未来教育改革的方向,如何缩短我国藉由应试教育到素质教育的教育改革历程是摆在每个教育工作者面前的一个命题,试图就此问题以素质教育背景下考试方式的演变方向为切入点阐述我国素质教育背景下的考试,以期能对素质教育的考试改革有所启示。     

"父"之缺位与"时代孤儿"的道德困境——东西的《耳光响亮》、《后悔录》与后传统时代的寓言化写作

东西的小说是一种在虚无主义肆虐的后传统、后革命时代下的寓言化写作.<耳光响亮>关注的是1976年文化精神和家庭生活意义上的"父亲"弃世或出走之后,那些"时代孤儿"的成长过程和生存境遇.<后悔录>所关注的重心是主人公从禁欲到纵欲时代的"性"的磨难,从中可以看到后传统的人神主义禁欲文化和后革命的虚无主义纵欲文化对人性的异化和扭曲,以及个人良知在这种异己的、他律的伦理秩序和虚无主义的纵欲狂欢中的复苏和觉醒.     

澳大利亚职业教育迅速发展的原因探析

20世纪70年代以来，澳大利亚职业教育迅速发展的主要原因是：重视职业教育，建立完整发达的职业教育体系，加大职业教育改革的力度，采取多种措施，加强政府统筹和宏观调控；确立能力本位的职业教育思想，引入竞争机制，建立市场化机制，采取形式多样的灵活的办学体制，不断增加职业教育投资，多渠道筹措职业教育经费，重视职业教育师资队伍建设。     

从新课程实施谈师范院校的教学改革

新课程的实施给教师教育带来了巨大冲击，教师教育必须树立为基础教育服务的理念。师范院校要重构学科课程体系，增加教育类和实践类课程的比重，促进学生全面发展，使之适应基础教育改革的需要；要彻底改变旧有的灌输式教学模式，调动学生学习的主动性和能动性，着力培养学生的基本素质；要找准办学定位，突出师范院校的办学特色。     

在羌族地区的外国传教士

十九世纪末至二十世纪初,外国传教士在羌族地区进行了一系列的活动。一方面,他们积极地传经布道,开展宗教活动;另一方面,在羌族地区发展现代教育、开设诊所,为民服务,对羌族社会产生了一定影响。尽管基督教最终难以根植于羌族社会,但传教士的一些工作对羌族地区的发展有促进作用,而且在文化考察活动中,传教士的一些记录及研究成果具有较高的学术价值。     

湖州非物质文化遗产与乡村旅游融合发展研究

非物质文化遗产需要传承和弘扬,地方旅游业发展需要文化支撑,如何将二者融合发展,值得研究。本文收集、整理湖州非物质文化遗产资料,对其数量、类型、分布等进行分析,并实地调查了湖州旅游发展过程中对非物质文化遗产的利用现状,提出湖州乡村旅游应充分利用非物质文化遗产,可从打造舞台盛宴、创新导游解说、打造非遗属性旅游纪念品三个方面提升乡村旅游的文化内涵。这样,既可以更好地保护地方非物质文化遗产,又可以推动地方旅游文化事业,二者的结合是双赢之举。     

Investigation on apoptosis of neuronal cells induced by Amyloid beta-Protein

Objective: To construct a PC12 cell strain with neuronal differentiation, and observe the apoptosis and pro-liferation activity effects induced these cells by Amyloid beta-Protein (Aβ-43). Methods: 1) PC12 cells in logarithmicgrowth phase were subcultured for 24 h. After the culture fluid was changed, the cells were treated with Rat-β-NGF andcultured for 9 days. 2) Neuronal differentiation of PC12 cells in logarithmic growth phase were divided into four groups:control group (0), experimental group (1), experimental group (2) and experimental group (3). The concentrations of Aβ inthe four groups were 0 μmol/L, 1.25 μ mol/L, 2.5 μ mol/L and 5 μmol/L, respectively. The cells were harvested at 24, 48 and72 h later and stained with AnnexinV-FITC/PI after centrifugation and washing. Then flow cytometry was conducted toexamine the apoptosis percentage. 3) NGF-induced PC12 cells were selected and Aβ with different concentrations wasadded. The final concentrations of Aβ were 0 μmol/L, 1.25 μmol/L, 2.5 μmol/L and 5 μ mol/L, respectively. After the cellswere incubated in an atmosphere of 5% CO2 at 37 ℃ in an incubator for 72 h, the OD values were examined. Results: 1)Neuronal differentiated PC 12 cell lines were successfully established. 2) Flow cytometric examination indicated that Aβ(1.25, 2.5, and 5.0 μmol/L) could effectively induce apoptosis of neuronal-differented cells at the 24 h, 48 h and 72 h timepoints. 3) Aβ (0-5.00 μ mol/L) had no obvious effect on proliferation or restraining of the neuronal differentiation of thePC 12 cells after a 72 h interacting process. Conclusion: This investigation revealed successful neuronal differentiation of thePC12 cell strain. The induction of apoptosis of the neurocytes by various concentrations of Aβ was observed and the in-fluence of Aβ on induced proliferation of PC 12 cells by Rat-β-NGF was revealed. This study -05 provide basis for futureresearch on the molecular cure of AD and interdiction of AD evolution.     

培养学生质疑问难能力策略研究

小学阶段是培养学生质疑问难能力的基础和关键。培养学生质疑问难能力是素质教育的需要，有助于学生良好个性的形成。培养学生质疑问难能力，要研究学生学习心理、学习环境和自身的知识和能力，同时也要教给学生质疑问难的方法。     

高职院校教学管理工作的探索

在新世纪新形势高职院校教学管理工作有新的要求; 目前高职院校在教学管理中存在的问题; 加强高职院校教学管理工作的建议和措施。     

Enhancing cellular immune response to HBV M DNA vaccine in mice by codelivery of interleukin-18 recombinant

Objective: To investigate the effect of interleukin-18 (IL-18) on immune response induced by plasmid encoding hepatitis B virus middle protein antigen and to explore new strategies for prophylactic and therapeutic HBV DNA vaccines. Methods: BALB/c mice were immunized with pCMV-M alone or co-immunized with pcDNA3-18 and pCMV-M and then their sera were collected for analysing anti-HBsAg antibody by ELISA; splenocytes were isolated for detecting specific CTL response and cytokine assay in vitro. Results: The anti-HBs antibody level of mice co-immunized with pcDNA3-18 and pCMV-M was slightly higher than that of mice immunized with pCMV-M alone, but there was not significantly different (P>0.05). Compared with mice injected with pCMV-M, the specific CTL cytotoxity activity of mice immunized with pcDNA3-18 and pCMV-M was significantly enhanced (P<0.05) and the level of IFN-γ in supernatant of splenocytes cultured with HBsAg in vitro was significantly elevated (P<0.05) while the level of IL-4 had no significant difference (P>0.05). Conclusion: The plasmid encoding IL-18 together with HBV M gene DNA vaccines may enhance specific TH1 cells and CTL cellular immune response induced in mice, so that IL-18 is a promising immune adjuvant.