电工专业实施项目教学物质资源建设的探索

开展以实践教学为核心的项目教学是中等职业学校电工专业专业课教学改革的方向。实施电工专业项目教学,丰富实用的实验实训物质资源是不可或缺的。结合教学实际、学生学习能力实际、学生就业实际,提出建设满足电工专业项目教学需要的实验实训物质资源措施和办法。     

远程开放教育英语专业学习者完成学业的要素分析

研究依据远程教育的相关理论,运用扎根理论、内容分析法对远程开放教育英语专业学习者完成学业的要素进行探讨。通过对访谈文本进行概念抽取、范畴归类和内容分析编码,研究分析了个人要素与机构要素的作用和关系以及各要素对学习者的学习准备、学习过程和完成学业三个阶段的影响,并对学业支持服务展开了进一步探讨,旨在引发更多的远程教育工作者参与讨论与探索之中,以高质量、全方位的学业支持服务帮助学习者顺利完成学业。     

开发支出资本化与企业创新

以2007至2017年沪深A股上市公司为研究对象,本文考察了开发支出资本化对企业创新的影响。,实证结果研究发现,开发支出资本化比例与企业创新呈倒U型关系。且结论在稳健性检验之后依然成立。表明：当开发支出资本化比例低于临界值时,由于抑制了管理层通过削减研发投资以实现盈余目标的动机得到抑制,从而促进企业创新;当开发支出资本化比例高于临界值时,促使管理层基于声誉风险管理层为避免将已资本化金额转为费用对当期盈余造成的负面冲击,进行过度研发投资,从而阻碍企业创新。说明不同开发支出资本化比例下,管理层研发投资不同动机对企业创新产生非线性影响。结论在稳健性检验之后依然成立。进一步分析还发现：,开发支出资本化通过研发投资效率作用于企业创新,而且管理层面临的盈余公告压力越大,开发支出资本化对企业创新的非线性影响更为显著。资本化通过非效率研发投资,作用于企业创新;盈余公告压力越大,资本化与企业创新之间的倒U型关系越明显。     

微博预置话题与突发话题的特征挖掘研究

[目的/意义]借鉴拉斯韦尔5W传播模型,探讨微博中预置话题与突发话题的特征。[方法/过程]基于因子分析的关键节点影响力评价方法来研究话题节点特征;利用Ward方法对话题博文量曲线进行聚类,并对曲线进行多项式拟合;对话题情感度曲线进行聚类,并对不同类型话题的峰度和整体情感加权平均高峰期进行研究。[结果/结论]话题首节点多是信息分享,其中突发话题的传播多是从事件的客观描述开始;话题微博按博文量可分为前热型、中热型、后热型、爆发型和持续型,其中突发话题比预置话题爆发得更早、持续时间更长;话题出现72小时后公众情感趋于中立,但突发话题情感曲线高峰期比预置话题更集中,整体情感加权平均高峰期更早出现,曲线趋势更复杂。     

教学与科研融合的高校生物学实验教学模式探究

文章分析了目前本科生生物学实验教学与高校生物学研究的现状,倡导将本科生生物学实验教学融于科学研究的教学模式;指出了这种新的生物学实验教学模式在资源配置以及创新型生物人才培养方面的优势;探讨了这种教学模式的教学体系、教学内容和方法以及教学评估方法。对于高校生物学实验教学改革和生物专业人才培养具有重要意义。     

基于校企合作的“数字图像工程”教学质量提高研究

“数字图像工程”是工程类研究生的一门经典课程,具有发展速度快、应用性强等特点。在当前传统课堂教学方式为主流的背景下,阐释校企合作意义,明确了校企合作的教学方式对人才培养的重要性。其后就如何通过校企合作提高“数字图像工程”教学效果,从教与学、师与生两个方面进行探讨,对多个角度问题进行具体的分析,为培养应用型、创新型工程人才奠定了基础。     

独立学院医学生“工匠精神”培育现状调查分析

独立学院是民办高等教育的重要组成部分,与普通高校相比,独立学院更加注重实用型、应用型人才的培养。医学类独立学院的任务就是为人民、为社会、为国家培养实践能力更强的高水平、高质量的医学人才。随着我国医疗卫生水平的提高,国家稳步推进医学教育改革,也更加关注医学生的精神文化建设。教育部要求将新时代的“工匠精神”与医学生的思想政治教育相结合,以弥补医学生精神教育的短板,促进其健康发展。本文浅析了“工匠精神”的内涵,调研了独立学院医学生“工匠精神”的培育现状,探讨了独立学院医学生“工匠精神”培育对策,为独立学院医学生职业道德培育搭建“工匠精神”平台。     

Ultrabithorax is a key regulator for the dimorphism of wings,a main cause for the outbreak of planthoppers in rice

Rice planthoppers, the most devastating rice pests, occur in two wing forms: the short-wing form for rapid population growth and long-wing form for long-distance migration, which together create the mechanism for outbreak. Here we show that Ultrabithorax (Ubx) is a key regulator for switching between the long- and short-wing forms of rice planthoppers. Ubx is expressed in both forewing and hindwing pads, which is different from the canonical model of Ubx expression. In brown planthoppers, expression of Ubx (NlUbx) is regulated by nutritional status of the rice host. High-quality young plants induce NlUbx expression leading to the short-wing form; low-quality ripe plants reduce NlUbx expression resulting in long-wing form. We also showed that NlUbx is regulated by the insulin receptors NlInR1 and NlInR2. The default expression of NlInR1 inhibits NlUbx resulting in long-wings, while high-quality hosts induce NlInR2 expression, which represses NlInR1 thus promoting NlUbx expression to produce short-wings.     

Programmable deformation of patterned bimorph actuator swarm

Graphene-based actuators featuring fast and reversible deformation under various external stimuli are promising for soft robotics. However, these bimorph actuators are incapable of complex and programmable 3D deformation, which limits their practical application. Here, inspired from the collective coupling and coordination of living cells, we fabricated a moisture-responsive graphene actuator swarm that has programmable shape-changing capability by programming the SU-8 patterns underneath. To get better control over the deformation, we fabricated SU-8 micropattern arrays with specific geometries and orientations on a continuous graphene oxide film, forming a swarm of bimorph actuators. In this way, predictable and complex deformations, including bending, twisting, coiling, asymmetric bending, 3D folding, and combinations of these, have been achieved due to the collective coupling and coordination of the actuator swarm. This work proposes a new way to program the deformation of bilayer actuators, expanding the capabilities of existing bimorph actuators for applications in various smart devices.     

Understanding divergent domestication traits from the whole-genome sequencing of swamp- and river-buffalo populations

Domesticated buffaloes have been integral to rice-paddy agro-ecosystems for millennia, yet relatively little is known about the buffalo genomics. Here, we sequenced and assembled reference genomes for both swamp and river buffaloes and we re-sequenced 230 individuals (132 swamp buffaloes and 98 river buffaloes) sampled from across Asia and Europe. Beyond the many actionable insights that our study revealed about the domestication, basic physiology and breeding of buffalo, we made the striking discovery that the divergent domestication traits between swamp and river buffaloes can be explained with recent selections of genes on social behavior, digestion metabolism, strengths and milk production.