档案文化建设中的若干理论问题

档案包含了文化的成分，人们认识到了档案这一显性的功能，却忽略了对档案中文化价值的挖掘与整理。本文试图对档案所隐含的文化进行分析，阐释档案文化挖掘的重要意义与价值，并提出了建设档案文化的基本理念与具体方法。     

书业供应链发展的新课题:供应链关系管理

书业供应链关系管理是当前书业供应链和出版产业顺利发展的一个至关重要的新课题。本文就书业供应链关系管理的特征、模式和实施过程中的关键问题进行了研讨。     

江西电视理论片的新跨越--《沧桑正道--科学发展观纵横谈》创作感言

在全国上下掀起学习，贯彻、落实以人为本，全面、协调、可持续的科学发展观的热潮中，江西省广播电视局、江西电视台顺应时势，在中共江西省委宣传部的指导下，联合中央电视台拍摄了大型理论专题电视片《沧桑正道——科学发展观纵横谈》。这是全国第一部形象、生动、通俗地宣传科学发展观的理论片，也是江西电视人继《小平您好》、“红色摇篮三部曲”（即文献电视片《共和国之魂》、《共和国摇篮》、《军旗从这里升起》）之后的一次自我超越，该片受到众多国内著名专家、学者的称赞。     

英语学术界的若干论著体例及其启示-对建立中文学术规范体系的思考

文章介绍了英语学术界流行的若干论著体例,包括MLA、APA、Chicago、Vancouver、Harvard、Oxford等体例,指出英语学术界的学术规范体系对于中文学术规范体系的建立具有很强的借鉴意义。应在遵循基本规范的前提下保持各学科领域体例的相对自由和独立,积极发挥学术团体在规范制订中的作用,在强调规范约束力的同时加强对作者与编者的教育与指导,早日建立起中文学术界科学合理的学术规范体系。     

语文教学目标陈述的学理与策略

在实际语文教学中,教学目标的陈述普遍存在一定程度的含糊性和随意性。导致这一问题的原因较为复杂,语文教师陈述教学目标缺乏科学理论的指导无疑是其中一个重要原因,因此,从理论上探讨语文教学目标陈述问题十分必要。现代科学心理学有关教学目标陈述的理论主要包括分类分层陈述理论、行为目标理论和行为样品理论。依据这些理论,语文教师在设计教学目标时应该针对学生的语文学习结果分类陈述,针对学生的语文学习过程分层陈述,针对学生的言语行为规范陈述。     

哈佛大学工学院发展战略及其对新工科建设的启示

哈佛大学自2007年重建工程与应用科学学院以来,采取了与传统工程学科大相径庭的发展路径,以解决人类面临重大挑战的前沿科学为重点发展方向,以机制保障为学科交叉融合提供土壤,以空间优化调整助力研究、孵化、成果转化一体化发展,取得了显著成绩。哈佛大学工学院发展路径正体现了新工科建设思路,对我国高校加快建设发展新工科,推动学科深度交叉融合,优化调整空间布局,服务科研创新、成果转化等具有重要启示。     

名人手稿的典藏、保护与利用刍议--以四川省图书馆馆藏刘咸炘手稿为例

四川省图书馆收藏了丰富的地方名人手稿,尤以刘咸炘手稿居多,共计77种5531页,是目前国内最重要的刘咸炘手稿收藏单位。本文以对刘咸炘手稿的典藏、整理和保护利用为例,探讨了图书馆处理手稿这一珍贵特色资源的方法和措施,以期为图书馆珍稀文献资源的保护、研究和利用做一些实务方面的探索。     

The histone H3K27 demethylase REF6/JMJ12 promotes thermomorphogenesis in ArabidopsisOA

Dynamic trimethylation of histone H3 at Lys27(H3 K27 me3) affects gene expression and controls plant development and environmental responses.In Arabidopsis thaliana,RELATIVE OF EARLY FLOWERING 6(REF6)/JUMONJI DOMAIN-CONTAINING PROTEIN 12 demethylates H3 K27 me3 by recognizing a specific DNA motif.However,little is known about how REF6 activates target gene expression after recognition,especially in environmental responses.In response to warm ambient temperature, plants undergo thermomorphogenesi...     

高校图书馆学科馆员与学科化知识服务

论文从分析高校图书馆开展知识服务的需求、学科馆员素质要求和知识服务模式入手,论述了新时期高校图书馆学科馆员的工作模式,指出为用户提供深层次、专业化、知识化、特色化的知识服务是提升高校图书馆知识服务能力的必由之路.图书馆学科化知识服务模式将成为高校图书馆未来最具潜力的一种服务模式.     

Two decades of suspect evidence for adaptive molecular evolution—negative selection confounding positive-selection signals

There has been a large literature in the last two decades affirming adaptive DNA sequence evolution between species. The main lines of evidence are from (i) the McDonald-Kreitman (MK) test, which compares divergence and polymorphism data, and (ii) the phylogenetic analysis by maximum likelihood (PAML) test, which analyzes multispecies divergence data. Here, we apply these two tests concurrently to genomic data of Drosophila and Arabidopsis. To our surprise, the >100 genes identified by the two tests do not overlap beyond random expectation. Because the non-concordance could be due to low powers leading to high false negatives, we merge every 20–30 genes into a ‘supergene’. At the supergene level, the power of detection is large but the calls still do not overlap. We rule out methodological reasons for the non-concordance. In particular, extensive simulations fail to find scenarios whereby positive selection can only be detected by either MK or PAML, but not both. Since molecular evolution is governed by positive and negative selection concurrently, a fundamental assumption for estimating one of these (say, positive selection) is that the other is constant. However, in a broad survey of primates, birds, Drosophila and Arabidopsis, we found that negative selection rarely stays constant for long in evolution. As a consequence, the variation in negative selection is often misconstrued as a signal of positive selection. In conclusion, MK, PAML and any method that examines genomic sequence evolution has to explicitly address the variation in negative selection before estimating positive selection. In a companion study, we propose a possible path forward in two stages—first, by mapping out the changes in negative selection and then using this map to estimate positive selection. For now, the large literature on positive selection between species has to await reassessment.