排序方式: 共有63条查询结果,搜索用时 16 毫秒
21.
Generalizing the Lottery Paradox 总被引:7,自引:0,他引:7
Douven Igor; Williamson Timothy 《The British journal for the philosophy of science》2006,57(4):755-779
22.
Liudmila V. Spirina Vladimir N. Masunov Denis A. Dyakov Olga E. Akbasheva Amina Y. Kebekbayeva Igor Yu. Shuvalov Nadezhda V. Masunova Irina V. Kovaleva Yumzhana Dagbaeva 《Indian journal of clinical biochemistry : IJCB》2023,38(4):437
Multiple pathogenic mechanisms are found in SARS-CoV2 systemic inflammation. Oxidative stress, altered proteolysis, hypercoagulation, and metabolic disorders are significant in virus-induced lesions.The study aimed to investigate the biochemical mechanism of virus-induced disorders and determine the biochemical features in SARS-CoV2-associated liver damage and intestine lesions.A retrospective case series of ninety-two patients diagnosed with COVID-19 pnemonia. The ACE, α1-proteinase inhibitor, trypsin-like proteinase, and elastase activity were measured. Nitrites level was detected in reaction with Griess reagent. The ELISA kit measured Troponin, C-peptide, leptin, adiponectin, PAR4, and neuropilin level.It was obtained an increase in ACE activity and nitrites ions content in SARS-CoV2 associated patients. The hyperglycemia and an increase in adipose tissue-derived hormones guided the virus-induced metabolic disorders. Proteolysis activation was revealed in SARS-CoV2 pneumonia patients. The found molecular event was accompanied by hyperglycemia induction. Multiorgan lesions manifest in in cardiac failure, which was detected in patients with ARDS. Moreover, high arterial blood pressure in patients with COVID-19 was associated with the hyperglycemia and increased ACE activity and NO ions level. Liver damage was specific for COVID-19-associated patients with severe ARDS and heart failure. Proteolysis overactivation resulting in vasoactive substances imbalance was detected in patients with the intestinal lesions. The obtained data shows the the neuropilin-dependent axis in damage prevalence in the intestine.Metabolic disorders resulting in the growth of adipose-derived tissue hormones, nitrites, and neuropilin levels was triggered by prolonged inflammation. So, the impaired metabolism and SARS-CoV2 associated hyperglycemia influence on SARS-CoV2 multiple mechanisms. Gastrointestinal manifestations in SARS-CoV2 infection was found to be related to various biochemical and molecular tools. ACE2 receptors axis is prevalent for liver damage, but NRP-1 protein (neuropilin), NO derivatives, and adipose tissue-derived hormones are essential for intestinal lesions.Supplementary InformationThe online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s12291-022-01089-x. 相似文献
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Igor V. Persidsky James J. Kelly 《International Review of Education/Internationale Zeitschrift für Erziehungswissenschaft/Revue internationale l'éducation》1992,38(4):417-425
Modern human migration is characterized by a large number of elderly immigrants, who are coming to the United States from developing countries as refugees. The emigration from the Soviet Union during the last 20 years presents a unique phenomenon in modern human migration because of (1) the high percentage of the elderly, about 17%; (2) origination from urban areas and rather high level of education; (3) beliefs and attitudes developed under the Soviet political, economic and cultural system; (4) non-minority status in the United States; and (5) strong support from the American Jewish community. The greatest problem in adjustment of the elderly is English fluency, because language determines the utilization of health services and social support which they need and which are available from the agencies. Special education programs for these elderly with bilingual/bicultural instructors must be identified as one of the most important intervention approaches. There is another educational strategy for the immigrant population which must be promoted: training/retraining of bilingual/bicultural professionals in geriatrics. American professionals who deal with the elderly Soviets must also be educated about Soviet culture, system of social welfare, health practices and social behavior.
Zusammenfassung Moderne Völkerwanderungen sind von einer großen Anzahl älterer Immigranten geprägt, die als Flüchtlinge aus Entwicklungsländern in die Vereinigten Staaten kommen. Die Auswanderung aus der Sowjetunion in den letzten 20 Jahren stellt ein einzigartiges Phänomen in der modernen Völkerwanderung dar. Gründe dafür sind (1) der hohe Prozentsatz an älterer Bevölkerung, ungefähr 17%, (2) Herkunft aus Stadtgebieten und ein ziemlich hoher Bildungsstand, (3) unter dem sowjetischen politischen, ökonomischen und kulturellen System entwickelte Geisteshaltung und Glauben, (4) Nicht-Zugehörigkeit zu Minoritäten in den Vereinigten Staaten, (5) starke Unterstützung durch die amerikanische jüdische Gemeinde. Das größte Anpassungsproblem der Älteren ist die Beherrschung der englischen Sprache, da dies die Inanspruchname der Gesundheitsleistungen und sozialer Unterstützung bestimmt, die benötigt und von den Ämtern angeboten werden. Besondere Bildungsprogramme für Ältere mit zweisprachigen/bi-kulturellen Lehrern müssen als wichtigste Hilfsmaßnahme betrachtet werden. Es gibt eine andere förderungswürdige Komponente der Bildungsstragie für Immigranten: Fortbildungen/Umschulungen von zweisprachigen/bi-kulturellen Betreuern für ältere Menschen. Amerikanische Betreuer, die sich mit den älteren Sowjets befassen, müssen auch über die sowjetische Kultur, das Wohlfahrtssystem, Gesundheitspraktiken und soziales Verhalten unterrichtet sein.
Résumé La migration humaine se caractérise de nos jours par un grand nombre d'immigrants âgés, qui arrivent de pays en développement aux Etats-Unis en tant que réfugiés. Le mouvement d'émigration venant de l'Union soviétique durant les vingt dernières années présente un phénomène unique dans la migration humaine moderne en raison (1) du pourcentage élevé de personnes âgées, d'environ 17%, (2) de leur origine urbaine et de leur niveau d'instruction élevé, (3) des croyances et attitudes qu'elles ont acquises dans le système politique, économique et culturel soviétique, (4) de leur statut non minoritaire aux Etats-Unis et (5) du soutien puissant qui leur est apporté par la communauté juive américaine. Le plus grand problème d'adaptation de ces personnes âgées est la maîtrise de l'anglais, du fait que la langue détermine l'utilisation des services de santé et sociaux dont elles ont besoin et qui sont offerts par les agences. Les programmes d'éducation spéciaux destinés à ces personnes âgées, avec des instructeurs bilingues et biculturels, doivent être définis comme l'une des approches d'intervention les plus importantes. Il convient également de promouvoir une autre stratégie éducative pour la population immigrante, à savoir la formation et le recyclage des professionnels bilingues et biculturels en gériatrie. Les experts américains qui travaillent avec les émigrés soviétiques âgés doivent aussi s'informer au sujet de la culture, du système de sécurité sociale, des pratiques sanitaires et du comportement social qui étaient en vigueur dans leur pays.相似文献
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Mikyung Kim Wolf Danielle Guzman-Orth Alexis Lopez Katherine Castellano Igor Himelfarb Fred S. Tsutagawa 《Educational Assessment》2016,21(3):157-175
This article investigates ways to improve the assessment of English learner students' English language proficiency given the current movement of creating next-generation English language proficiency assessments in the Common Core era. In particular, this article discusses the integration of scaffolding strategies, which are prevalently utilized as an instructional strategy for English learner students, into the design of technology-enhanced assessment tasks. The article includes sample tasks and student responses to illustrate the design of scaffolding assessment tasks and their potential to increase the accuracy of measuring students' English language proficiency. We also explore possible scoring and psychometric models for the scaffolding tasks in large-scale standardized assessments. 相似文献
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Svjetlana Kolić-Vehovec Igor Bajšanski 《European Journal of Psychology of Education - EJPE》2006,21(4):439-451
The aim of this study was to explore comprehension monitoring and perceived use of reading strategies as factors of reading comprehension. Participants were elementary school students from the fifth to the eighth grade. Error correction and text sensitivity tasks from the Metacomprehension test (Pazzaglia, De Beni, &; Cristante, 1994). and the cloze-task were used as measures of comprehension monitoring during reading. A Strategic reading questionnaire (Koli?-Vehovec &; Baj?anski, 2001b) was applied as a measure of perceived use of strategies during reading. Girls had better results than boys on text comprehension, all measures of comprehension monitoring, as well as on the Strategic reading questionnaire. Significant developmental improvements in comprehension monitoring occurred after the fifth grade and between the sixth and the eighth grade. A similar change was evident in reading comprehension. All measures of comprehension monitoring were significantly related to text comprehension in all age groups. However, perceived use of reading strategies was significantly related to reading comprehension only in eighth-grade students. 相似文献
27.
Igor Mayer Harald Warmelink Geertje Bekebrede 《European Journal of Engineering Education》2013,38(1):85-106
The authors define the requirements and a conceptual model for comparative evaluation research of simulation games and serious games (SGs) in a learning context. A first operationalisation of the model was used to comparatively evaluate a suite of 14 SGs on varying topics played between 2004 and 2009 in 13 institutes of higher education in the Netherlands. The questions in this research were: what is the perceived learning effectiveness of the games and what factors explain it? How can we comparatively evaluate games for learning? Data were gathered through pre- and post-game questionnaires among 1000 students, leading to 500 useful datasets and 230 complete datasets for analysis (factor analysis, scaling, t-test and correlation analysis) to give an explorative, structural model. The findings are discussed and a number of propositions for further research are formulated. The conclusion of the analysis is that the students’ motivation and attitudes towards game-based learning before the game, their actual enjoyment, their efforts during the game and the quality of the facilitator/teacher are most strongly correlated with their learning satisfaction. The degree to which the experiences during the game were translated back into the underlying theories significantly determines the students’ learning satisfaction. The quality of the virtual game environment did not matter so much. The authors reflect upon the general methodology used and offer suggestions for further research and development. 相似文献
28.
Dynamic behaviour of soils used for natural turf sports surfaces 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
The modulus and damping properties of soils in compression are a function of soil type, water content, stress history and
loading rate. To model human–surface interaction with natural turf sports surfaces, stiffness and damping properties must
be determined at dynamic loading rates. Two contrasting soil types, a Sand and a Clay Loam, commonly used in sports surfaces
were loaded uniaxially to 2 kN at loading rates between 0.6 and 6 kN s−1 in modified dynamic soil testing apparatus. Soils were compacted prior to loading but initial cycles resulted in viscoplastic
deformation, with strain accumulation with repeated cycles of loading. Ultimately a resilient, viscoelastic steady-state equilibrium
with loading was established. Resilient modulus and damping ratio varied with soil type, water content, stress history and
increased significantly with loading rate. The resilient modulus of the Sand soil, typical of modern free-draining sand construction
natural turf sports surfaces, was significantly greater than that of a Clay Loam soil more characteristic of traditional natural
turf surfaces; reducing water content caused an increase in modulus and a decrease in damping ratio in the Clay Loam soil.
Determination of these properties provides initial data for the modelling natural turf surface behaviour in terms of both
ball and human interactions, with further research required to determine the effect of both grass roots and leaves on mechanical
behaviour. 相似文献
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In order to determine the usefulness of neural models in optimisation of recruitment processes, statistical analyses were
carried out on measured results of javelin throwers using a full take off. A group of 140 Polish junior javelin throwers took
part in the research. In order to choose the optimum combination of model parameters the Hellwig method was used. Linear and
multilayer perceptron neural models were constructed and used to calculate combinations of variables. Statistical analysis
of the results showed that the linear model was not able to describe precisely the relationship between the dependent variable
and independent variables for the investigated group of young javelin throwers. For the investigated group, the perceptron
network with a 4-3-2-1 structure gave the best predictive relationship for sports results of the javelin throwers. 相似文献