Co-occurring forms of child maltreatment and adult adjustment reported by Latina college students

OBJECTIVES: This study had two primary objectives: First, to examine the nature and co-occurrence of various forms of child maltreatment (sexual, physical, emotional, and witnessing violence) reported by Latina college students, and second, to explore coexisting maltreatment types and acculturation status as possible contributors to long-term adjustment difficulties. METHOD: Participants were 112 Latina undergraduate students categorized by the number of childhood maltreatment types experienced (0, 1, or 2 or more) and acculturation level (1 to 5). The possible effects of co-occurring forms of maltreatment, in conjunction with acculturation status, were investigated with respect to participants' reported trauma symptomatology. Data were collected using self-report measures. RESULTS: Nearly three out of 10 participants (29%) experienced more than one type of child maltreatment and, as expected, these individuals reported greater trauma symptomatology than those reporting either a single type of maltreatment or no maltreatment at all. Those who reported multiple types also endured more severe maltreatment than did respondents who experienced a single type. Acculturation level was neither directly related to trauma symptoms nor did it moderate the lasting correlates of maltreatment among victims. Interestingly, those who experienced a single form of maltreatment reported no more trauma symptoms than did participants who reported no maltreatment history at all. CONCLUSION: This investigation documents a large degree of overlap among various forms of self-reported childhood maltreatment within a Latina college population. The results underscore the need to consider multiple forms of maltreatment, as well as severity, when making inferences regarding potential effects on later functioning.     

What's in a name? A comparison of methods for classifying predominant type of maltreatment

OBJECTIVE: The primary aim of the study was to identify a classification scheme, for determining the predominant type of maltreatment in a child's history that best predicts differences in developmental outcomes. METHOD: Three different predominant type classification schemes were examined in a sample of 519 children with a history of alleged maltreatment. Cases were classified into predominant maltreatment types according to three different schemes: Hierarchical regression analyses examined whether the HT, SFT, and EHT type classifications contributed to prediction of child behavior problems, trauma symptoms and adaptive functioning. RESULTS: After controlling for demographic factors, the HT definitions predicted four outcomes, while the SFT definitions predicted three, and the EHT classifications contributed to the prediction of five child outcomes. The co-occurrence of multiple types of maltreatment was robustly related to outcomes. However, the HT and SFT classifications predicted outcomes even after accounting for the co-occurrence of multiple maltreatment subtypes. CONCLUSION: A classification scheme that differentiates between type combinations and single maltreatment types may have the greatest predictive validity. Over and above knowing about co-occurrence of maltreatment sub-types, it is important to understand what type, or constellation of types, of maltreatment have been alleged in a child's history.     

相信

要相信旅途不,慈是布满陷阱恶梦不会紧连着恶梦总有一天醒来是满眼晨光要相信不是每颗心都长满老茧不是每次栽倒都会跌断脊梁不是台下的每次掌声都虚伪要相信朋友的握手不都是为了脚下暗暗的一瑞母亲的关怀不都是为了儿女的回报生日卡上滚烫的字句不都是谎言纵然我被欺骗一千次,一万次我也相信总有一朵花是香的总有一滴血是暖的总有一种情是真的(指导教师樊平)相信@周婷$湖北石首市大垸中学~~     

Thermal mixing of two miscible fluids in a T-shaped microchannel

In this paper, thermal mixing characteristics of two miscible fluids in a T-shaped microchannel are investigated theoretically, experimentally, and numerically. Thermal mixing processes in a T-shaped microchannel are divided into two zones, consisting of a T-junction and a mixing channel. An analytical two-dimensional model was first built to describe the heat transfer processes in the mixing channel. In the experiments, de-ionized water was employed as the working fluid. Laser induced fluorescence method was used to measure the fluid temperature field in the microchannel. Different combinations of flow rate ratios were studied to investigate the thermal mixing characteristics in the microchannel. At the T-junction, thermal diffusion is found to be dominant in this area due to the striation in the temperature contours. In the mixing channel, heat transfer processes are found to be controlled by thermal diffusion and convection. Measured temperature profiles at the T-junction and mixing channel are compared with analytical model and numerical simulation, respectively.     

Seasonal variation in physical activity among preschool children in a northern Canadian city

Little research has examined seasonal differences in physical activity (PA) levels among children. Proxy reports of PA were completed by 1,715 parents on their children in Edmonton, Alberta, Canada. Total PA (TPA) minutes were calculated, and each participant was classified as active, somewhat active, or inactive. Logistic regression models were conducted to examine associations between PA status and seasons. Significant seasonal differences were observed for TPA, weekday PA, weekend PA, and active play. Children were significantly more likely to be physically active in the summer and spring and somewhat physically active in the summer and fall, relative to winter Children living in cold climates are less likely to be physically active in the winter.     

自然形态对陶艺创作的启示

一、紫砂壶造型源于自然万物的形态。 评价一件紫砂壶的内涵,必须具备三个主要因素：美好的结构、精湛的制作技巧和优良的实用功能。所谓形象结构,是指壶的嘴、扳、盖、纽、脚,应与壶身整体比例协调。     

瑰丽的视觉盛宴——电影《阿凡达》色彩赏析

色彩作为电影视听元素的重要部分,在感情基础的铺垫和情节的渲染中起着重要的作用。在3D科幻电影里,不同的色彩带来不同的心理感受,视觉上的冲击能引起人们强烈的心理反应,与电影情节产生共鸣。《阿凡达》正是一部把色彩与3D技术完美结合,颜色瑰丽逼真,画面动人心魄的旷世佳作。     

从唐山地震到汶川地震看我国政府信息公开

通过对唐山地震和汶川地震信息发布的比较,来说明我国政府信息公开的发展脉络.分析目前我国政府信息公开存在的问题,并提出对策.     

后现代主义旅游观视野下的旅游开发嬗变

在后现代主义思潮的影响下,在对现代旅游的弊端的深刻批判、反省的基础上,提出了后现代主义旅游观。分析后现代主义旅游现的基本内涵和理念．探讨后现代旅游观对旅游开发的影响,为后续研究抛砖引玉。