A nationwide epidemiologic modeling study of LD: risk, protection, and unintended impact

Through multiple logistic regression modeling, this article explores the relative importance of risk and protective factors associated with learning disabilities (LD). A representative national sample of 6- to 17-year-old students (N = 1,268) was drawn by random stratification and classified by the presence versus absence of LD in reading, spelling, and mathematics according to ability-achievement discrepancies or low achievement levels. The dichotomous classifications were regressed on sets of explanatory variables indicating potential biological, social-environmental, and cognitive factors, problem behavior, and classroom learning behavior. Modeling revealed patterns of high risk for male students and students evincing verbal and nonverbal ability problems and processing speed problems. It was shown that, absent controls for cognitive abilities (such as provided by the ability-achievement discrepancy definition), definitions keyed to low achievement will substantially overidentify ethnic minority and disadvantaged students and will be confounded by significantly higher proportions of students who display oppositional and aggressive behavior problems. Alternatively, good learning behaviors uniformly provide substantial reduction in the risk for LD.     

试论幼儿体育教育对中国传统文化的影响

根据幼儿体育教育在幼儿教育中的功能作用,文章分析了幼儿体育教育对中国传统文化传承与保护的影响,通过文献资料法、逻辑推理法、教学实践考察法等研究,提出以体育游戏为主要锻炼方法和手段的幼儿体育教学过程,能促进中国传统文化的传承与保护以及幼儿体育教育的顺利发展。     

A journal core list for health administration libraries

Health administration is an interdisciplinary profession practiced in various settings. This paper presents a core list of journals for libraries responsible for supporting the study or practice of health administration in any of these settings. This paper initially examines and defines the parameters of the field of health administration to guide in the selection and organization of the list of core health administration journals. The organization of the list is based on the definition of the field as presented in the paper. The most important journals have been indicated, and sufficient information is given to facilitate ordering.     

某团通过鼓励报道员写博客提高采写水平

成都军区某团通过开展“军博——记录我的军旅生活点滴”活动,鼓励官兵在军网上写博客,以提高大家的文字表达能力,培养报道员的采写水平,团政治处每月评选一次“最佳博文”,并给予一定奖励,还帮助官兵向媒体投稿,使官兵对写作产生了浓厚的兴趣。同时,该团还有计划地邀请驻地报社编辑、记者为官兵授课,传授写作方法。今年以来,该团共在中央级媒体刊发稿件89篇。     

Upper extremity kinematic trends of fly-casting: establishing the effects of line length

Fly-fishing is a popular form of recreation. Recent evidence has associated overhand fly-casting movements with upper extremity pain. However, little research exists on the motions and coordination common to fly-casting. The aim of this study was to establish upper extremity kinematic trends of fly-casting while casting greater line lengths. It was hypothesized that kinematic casting parameters would increase and time between peak angular velocities would decrease with greater line length. Eighteen males participated in the study. Three-dimensional motion capture was conducted to calculate shoulder, elbow, and wrist kinematics during casting conditions of 6.1, 12.2, 18.3, and 24.4 m of line. Multiple analyses of variance were used to assess the condition effect of line length on the kinematic variables (P = 0.05). Overall, total range of movement increased with increasing length of line cast. Peak angular velocity exhibited a proximal-to-distal trend: peak shoulder internal rotation followed by elbow extension, then wrist ulnar deviation. Time between peak shoulder and elbow angular velocities increased significantly as line length increased. Our findings indicate that specific changes in total range of movement accommodate the demands of casting greater lengths of line. Also, joint velocity coordination patterns of fly-casting appear to follow a proximal-to-distal pattern. These findings represent an initial foundation for connections between kinematics and upper extremity pain reported by fly-fisherman.     

Using social cognitive theory to predict physical activity in inner-city African American school children

Researchers using social cognitive theory and employing built environment constructs to predict physical activity (PA) in inner-city African American children is quite limited. Thus, the purpose of our investigation was to evaluate the ability of important social cognitive variables (e.g., self-efficacy) and built environment constructs (e.g., neighborhood hazards) to predict African American children's PA. Children (N = 331, ages 10-14) completed questionnaires assessing social cognitive theory constructs and PA. Using multiple regression analyses we were able to account for 19% of the variance in PA. Based on standardized beta weights, the best predictors of PA were time spent outside and social support derived from friends. These findings illuminate the valuable role of PA support from peers, as well as the simple act of going outside for inner-city African American children.     

电波少女华原朋美冲击日本乐坛

上月1日日本音乐教父小室哲哉与女歌手吉田麻美结婚。两人在组成R＆B组合KissDestination时情投意合,小室不但抱得美人归,而且在年底还会当上爸爸,享受天伦之乐。而他的旧爱华原朋美又是如何的境况呢?     

Effects of a 12-week physical activity protocol delivered by YMCA after-school counselors (Youth Fit for Life) on fitness and self-efficacy changes in 5-12-year-old boys and girls

To address reduced physical education (PE) in elementary schools, a 12-week physical activity protocol was tested on 5-12-year-old, primarily African American, girls (n = 226) and boys (n = 344) at 14 YMCA after-school care sites. The 3 times/week, 45-min session curriculum included cardiovascular, resistance, and flexibility training, in which all children could participate simultaneously, and a behavioral skills education component. After-school counselors, formerly untrained in PE methods, administered the sessions, with periodic supervision by YMCA wellness staff members. Analyses of the eight Age x Sex subsamples indicated significant improvements on body composition, strength, and endurance, both within-groups and when predicted changes due to maturation were accounted for. Exercise barriers self-efficacy significantly increased in subsamples of 9-10- and 11-12-year-old girls only. The need for replication across ethnic groups was suggested. Limitations and the need for extension of research on supplementation of elementary school PE were discussed.