我国城市用水探讨

针对目前我国城市缺水形势严峻，同时又存在大量浪费水和水污染的现象，再一次敲响了水危机的警钟。本文结合城市用水特点，提出了城市用水、节水的基本原理。城市理想的用水系统应该是一个闭环反馈系统，这一系统应该靠节水和污水回用来实现。文中列举大量数据分析城市节水取0城市水资源系统、闭环反馈系统、工业用水重复利用率     

新疆和田地区碘缓释器评估报告

目的对新疆和田地区碘缓释器的使用进行系统评估;方法采用现场调查和实验室检测相结合的方法进行。结果土盐水使用碘缓释器组的水碘含量为23.1±49.0(mg/kg),明显高于土盐水未使用碘缓释器组的0.06±0.05(mg/kg);土盐水使用加碘器组尿碘中位数育龄妇女为125.3μg/L,儿童为134.5μg/L,均低于碘盐组但明显高于土盐水未使用碘缓释器组。有33.9%的育龄妇女和31.7%的儿童尿碘水平在100μg/L以下,25.4%的育龄妇女和29.3%的学龄儿童尿碘水平在300μg/L以上;土盐水使用加碘器组目标人群的甲状腺肿大率育龄妇女和学龄儿童分别为19.1和19.0%,,明显低于土盐水未使用碘缓释器组并接近碘盐组水平;土盐水使用加碘器组IDD知识知晓率在育龄妇女和儿童分别为72.9%和72.7%明显高于土盐水未使用碘缓释器组并接近碘盐组的水平。结论在和田地区使用碘缓释器作为预防和控制碘缺乏病的临时性替代措施是有效的。     

企业知识转移的情境分析模型

企业知识的发展与转移依赖于企业特定的情境，本文从文化、战略、组织结构和过程、环境、技术和运营等五方面来构建知识的情境维度，分析情境与企业知识转移的互动关系，提出企业知识转移的情境模型和相应的二种情境模式，并进行相关的案例研究。     

万寿竹六个居群的核型研究

本文研究了在云南境内的万寿竹Disporum cantoniense (Lour．)Merr．从滇东南经滇中到滇西 北不同居群间的核型变异。该种的染色体数目较为稳定，2n=14，没有观察到不同数目的变异。六个 居群的不对称性均属于3B型，但各个居群的核型结构表现出一定的差异，核型间随体位置和数目的不 同以及同源染色体的杂合性是居群间变异的主要特征，这种种内不同居群间核型的变异或许与该种的地理分布及生境有一定的相关性。     

An experimental study evaluating professional development activities within a state funded pre-kindergarten program

This paper describes the implementation and evaluation for scaling up a comprehensive early childhood teacher professional development program into 11 communities across 2 years with funding through state legislative actions. The comprehensive program had four major components based on results from a previous multi-condition random assignment study across four states. The previous results demonstrated that the most optimum approach for supporting children??s school readiness included: (1) teacher on-line professional development with facilitation, (2) classroom mentoring, (3) implementation of a research-based curriculum, and (4) technology-driven progress monitoring that informed instruction. The comprehensive professional development program was evaluated in a new state program designed to bring childcare, Head Start, and public school pre-kindergarten together into integrated partnerships. In Year 1, 220 teachers serving 3834 children were randomly assigned to either receive the comprehensive program or not. Teachers who served as controls in Year 1 received the program in Year 2, and those who received the program in Year 1 participated for an additional year in Year 2, allowing for examination of the effects of one versus 2 years of participation. The program improved teachers instructional practices relative to controls, and a second year of participation resulted in greater gains in children??s language and literacy. Results support the need for well-integrated, comprehensive professional development for early childhood educators.     

"追寻美德":麦金太尔的美德观及其对教育的启示

美德是麦金太尔伦理学的核心概念。美德具有与共同体生活相契合的实践性、叙事性和历史性。麦金太尔对美德的崇奉和对启蒙运动以来道德筹划的批判,提倡回归共同体的生活,是现代性社会弊病的一种补偿性解决方法。他的美德伦理学说对教育共同体的建构与发展具有重要的启发意义。     

What are the major impact factors on research performance of young doctorate holders in science in China: a USTC survey

Doctoral graduate research performance (DRP) is recognized as one of the most critical indices for evaluation of the success of doctoral education. Doctoral graduates with high research performance directly reflect a higher ability in academic research and academic achievement. Consequently, identifying which factors influence DRP is potentially of great value. This topic is also challenging because of difficulties in identifying the impact factors on research performance and the feasibility of the relative data collection. This paper first examines the relationships between the indicators and DRP. After a review of previous literature, the focus is on the doctoral graduates’ individual factors, advisor factors and learning performance. Data is collected from graduated doctors from the Science Schools of University of Science and Technology of China (USTC). Contrary to expectations, our findings indicate that, based on the Chinese context, learning performance does not appear to be strongly associated with research performance. Individual factors (status of academic origin) do have significant effect on DRP. The advisor factors (including academic status, academic experience and allocation of energy) show a relatively strong association with DRP, in terms of both the number of publications and the impact factor of Science Citation Index (SCI) cited journals.     

The relation between abuse and violent delinquency: the conversion of shame to blame in juvenile offenders

Objective

While the relationship between abusive parenting and violent delinquency has been well established, the cognitive and emotional processes by which this occurs remain relatively unidentified. The objective of this work is to apply a conceptual model linking abusive parenting to the conversion of shame into blaming others and therefore to violent delinquency.

Methods

A retrospective study of 112 adolescents (90 male; 22 female; ages 12-19 years; M = 15.6; SD = 1.4) who were incarcerated in a juvenile detention facility pending criminal charges, completed measures of exposure to abusive and nonabusive discipline, expressed and converted shame, and violent delinquency.

Results

Findings tend to confirm the conceptual model. Subjects who converted shame (i.e., low expressed shame, high blaming others) tended to have more exposure to abusive parenting and showed more violent delinquent behavior than their peers who showed expressed shame. Subjects who showed expressed shame (i.e., high expressed shame, low blaming others) showed less violent delinquency than those who showed converted shame.

Conclusions

Abusive parenting impacts delinquency directly and indirectly through the effects of shame that is converted. Abusive parenting leads to the conversion of shame to blaming others, which in turn leads to violent delinquent behavior.

Practice implications

For juvenile offenders, the conversion of shame into blaming others appears to contribute to pathological outcomes in relation to trauma. Translation of this work into clinical practice is recommended.     

College selectivity and young adult health behaviors

Large literatures have shown important links between the quantity of completed education and health outcomes on one hand and the quality or selectivity of schooling on a host of adult outcomes, such as wages, on the other hand. However, little research attempts to produce evidence of the link between school quality and health. The paper presents the first evidence in the literature on the potential short and intermediate term effects of attending a selective college on health behaviors during and following college attendance. Using a variety of empirical methods, this paper shows strong evidence that college selectivity reduces tobacco and marijuana use but has small and possibly positive effects on binge drinking. The effects on weight behaviors are suggestive of reduced weight, potentially through diet, but not exercise change.     

浅谈如何激发高校学生干部积极性

高校学生干部是高等院校学生工作队伍的重要组成部分,是高校学生的骨干,是联系学校和学生的桥梁与纽带。然而目前高校中一些学生干部工作积极性由强减弱,甚至趋于消失。