Electro-mechanically controlled assembly of reconfigurable 3D mesostructures and electronic devices based on dielectric elastomer platforms

The manufacture of 3D mesostructures is receiving rapidly increasing attention, because of the fundamental significance and practical applications across wide-ranging areas. The recently developed approach of buckling-guided assembly allows deterministic formation of complex 3D mesostructures in a broad set of functional materials, with feature sizes spanning nanoscale to centimeter-scale. Previous studies mostly exploited mechanically controlled assembly platforms using elastomer substrates, which limits the capabilities to achieve on-demand local assembly, and to reshape assembled mesostructures into distinct 3D configurations. This work introduces a set of design concepts and assembly strategies to utilize dielectric elastomer actuators as powerful platforms for the electro-mechanically controlled 3D assembly. Capabilities of sequential, local loading with desired strain distributions allow access to precisely tailored 3D mesostructures that can be reshaped into distinct geometries, as demonstrated by experimental and theoretical studies of ∼30 examples. A reconfigurable inductive–capacitive radio-frequency circuit consisting of morphable 3D capacitors serves as an application example.     

基于词频分析的我国2004年科学学发展动向研究

本文运用词频统计的内容分析法,分析我国2004年科学学研究的发展动向。分析结果表明:技术、企业、创新、发展、人、管理、评价、产业等领域是我国2004年科学学的主要研究热点。     

国防生"多元立体化"培养模式的探索与实践

文章通过对大气科学学院经过多年探索逐渐形成的以教学为核心、以育人为根本、以培养具备综合素质的高层次军事气象人才为目标的国防生"多元立体化"培养模式的分析探讨,以期为地方院校进一步完善国防生培养提供启示与借鉴。     

运动调节肝脏能量代谢与抑郁症发病机制研究

抑郁症是一种常见的精神障碍性疾病,有研究表明肝脏能量代谢障碍与抑郁症发病密切相关。运动干预作为抑郁症的一种辅助治疗手段,其效果已得到认可和证实,然而作用机制尚未完全阐明。综述以运动调节肝脏能量代谢为主线,结合抑郁症的发病机理,阐明了抑郁症肝脏线粒体能量代谢障碍和运动干预改善抑郁症及肝脏能量代谢的积极效益,为抑郁症的运动疗法提供理论依据和实践参考。     

传统思想政治教育人性基础的哲学反思

任何一种教育都必须建立在特定的人性基础之上。从人性基础视角来看,传统思想政治教育在许多方面存在着人性偏差,表现在:过于强调人的“社会性”中的整体性,忽视丰富多彩的“个性”;过于强调人的“社会性”中的“阶级性”,忽视人的“共同特性”;过于强调人的“精神性”,忽视人的“自然性”;过于强调人的“可塑性”,忽视人的“主体性”;过于强调人的“纪律性”,忽视人的“自由性”;过于强调人的“工具性”,忽视人的“目的性”。从马克思主义人性论视角,深刻反思传统思想政治教育的弊端和偏差,正确找寻现代思想政治教育的人性基础,是提高现代思想政治教育实效性的基本前提。     

The Impact of an Erasmus Placement in Students’ Perception of their Intercultural Communicative Competence

Pre- and post-questionnaires answered by UK Nottingham Trent University (NTU) and Spain’s University of Salamanca (USAL) students on their placement abroad support a comparative analysis of its impact on their intercultural communicative competence, comprising the awareness, attitude, skills and knowledge dimensions. NTU students started their placements with better results in them all. Yet, while both groups completed their stay with a similarly increased awareness, the knowledge and skills of the USAL group matched the results of NTU students and, whereas the scores of the attitude dimension towards the host country of NTU students did not increase significantly, those of USAL students decreased.     

Measuring allocative efficiency in Cultural Economics: the case of “Fundación Princesa de Asturias” (The Princess of Asturias Foundation)

The literature on Cultural Economics provides us with some examples for the measurement of technical efficiency. However, there are few case studies dedicated to the analysis of allocative efficiency. The aim of this paper is to fill this gap by incorporating a methodology that analyses both technical and allocative efficiency. We use the Shephard’s distance function, particularly suitable when affronted with non-profit-making firms or institutions that are not interested in cost minimization. As an empirical application, we analyse the efficiency of Fundación Princesa de Asturias (PAF), a Spanish non-governmental organization devoted to promoting the cultural, scientific and humanistic values of universal heritage, the period of study being 1988–2012. Our findings suggest that PAF could have used 7% less inputs to achieve the same level of output. On the other hand, we have found allocative inefficiency. Concretely, the input for other expenditures appears to have been over-utilized in relation to both the inputs for labour and current assets, with labour in turn being over-utilized in relation to current assets. Moreover, our results indicate that both technical and allocative efficiency have clearly improved during the period analysed. In summary, our empirical application shows how distance function methodology can be successfully implemented to measure allocative efficiency in cultural firms and institutions.     

Demand for culture in Spain and the 2012 VAT rise

This paper analyzes the effects that the 2012 VAT rise in Spain had on household’ demand for cultural goods and services. Household’ demands are modeled as a two-stage QUAIDS. After estimating price and expenditure elasticities, and the pass-through parameter associated with the reform, our results show that the individual welfare loss and the increment in the tax bill increase, but less than proportionately, with income. Consequently, the reform can be considered as regressive. Relating the effects of the VAT reform to households’ incomes also implies a low quantitative effect, because of the low proportion of total household expenditure that cultural expenditure represents. From a social perspective, the size of the induced welfare loss would positively depend on society’s inequality aversion. Regardless of the latter, it cannot be concluded whether the reform would have increased or reduced inequality in the distribution of cultural spending. Our results prove qualitatively robust to alternative values of the pass-through parameter.     

载人航天、深空探测和科学卫星三类任务中的空间科学

为落实习近平总书记关于要推动空间科学、空间技术、空间应用全面发展的指示,我国航天事业在近年来出现了可喜的发展。空间科学成为越来越多从事航天事业的大学和科研机构关注的对象。然而,对于空间科学在载人航天、深空探测和科学卫星这三类任务中如何发挥其作用,仍然有不少疑问和困惑。文章从空间科学发展的起源,以及载人航天、深空探测和科学卫星各自的特点,探讨空间科学在其中所起到的作用,并提出政策建议。     

论教师的教育信念与教师专业化发展

教师教育信念是教师在其人生信念的指导下通过对其在教育教学交互作用中的行为的反思批判,建构并被始终坚信、敬奉和践行的个性化的实践知识体系。它包含着对教育本质、理想、教育与人生、教育与社会的关系、教育的价值和意义等的自我解读。它对教师专业发展具有动力性、基础性、先导性、全面性作用。