On File Sharing With Indirect Network Effects Between Concert Ticket Sales and Music Recordings

This article analyzes the interdependency between the market for music recordings on the one side and the market for concert tickets on the other side, assuming that there are positive indirect network effects both from the record market to ticket sales for live performances and vice versa. In a model with two interrelated Hotelling lines, prices in both markets are corrected downward when compared to the standard Hotelling model. In the integrated business model, file sharing has an ambiguous effect on firms' profitability. As file sharing can indirectly increase demand for live performances, overall profits can either increase or decrease, depending on the strength of indirect network effects. Finally, file sharing may induce firms to switch from the traditional business model with two separate firms to an integrated business model where one agency markets both records and concerts (so-called 360° deals).     

Print Media

Oscar Ogg, The 26 Letters (New York: Crowell, 1971—$7.50)

Douglass McMurtrie with the assistance of John Adamson (eds) The Invention of Printing: A Bibliography (New York: Burt Franklin, 1970—price not known)

Jim Allee Hart, Views on the News: The Developing Editorial Syndrome 1500-1800 (Carbondale: Southern Illinois University Press, 1970—$7.95)

Louis M. Lyons, Newspaper Story: One Hundred Years of the Boston Globe (Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 1971—$9.95)

Michael L. Johnson, The New Journalism: The Underground Press, the Artists of Nonfiction, and Changes in the Established Media (Lawrence: University Press of Kansas, 1971—$6.95/2.95)     

Increasing and widening access to higher education: a comparative study of policy and provision in Scotland and Australia

The place of access policies within higher education through a comparative approach which examines recent developments in Scotland and Australia is examined. The development of access policies is presented in the context of wider change, which is restructuring higher education in both societies. The importance of factors associated with national economic development in this process is emphasized, and the possible conflict with policies which are designed to encourage equity is explored. The impact of these policies both on the structure of the higher education systems, and on participation rates is examined. While there are major differences between these two societies, in terms of geography, history and political agendas, this paper emphasizes important areas of similarity, which are helping reshape higher education in these and in other societies.     

Sap flow response of Eucaylyptus (<Emphasis Type="Italic">Eucalyptus urophylla</Emphasis>) to environmental stress in South China

Sap flow and environmental conditions were monitored at two Eucalyptus (Eucalyptus urophylla S.T. Blake) plantations at Hetou and Jijia, located in Leizhou, Zhanjiang, Guangdong Province. It was found that daily sap flux density (SFD) of Eucalyptus was closely related to daily atmospheric vapor pressure deficit (VPD) (R ²=0.76, P=0.01 at Hetou and R ²=0.7021, P=0.01 at Jijia) at both sites. No significant relationship existed between daily SFD and mean daily air temperature at both sites. Daily SFD varied with wind speed Y=−17585X ³+15147X ²−1250.7X+2278.4 (R ²=0.68; P=0.01) at Hetou and Y=−101.67X ³−1.65X ²−376.4X+1914.8 (R ²=0.40, P=0.05) at Jijia, where Y was daily SFD, X was daily wind speed. Experimental observations yielded the following data: (1) the critical lower and upper daily VPD threshold were 0 and 2 kPa, within which daily SFD varied from 540±70 L/(m²·d) to 4739±115 L/(m²·d) at Hetou site, from 397±26 L/(m²·d) to 3414±191 L/(m²·d) at Jijia site; (2) Diurnal SFDs at Hetou site were much higher under low relative humidity (<30%) and slightly lower under high relative humidity (>80%) compared with those at the Jijia site; (3) The upper and lower threshold of daily and diurnal RAD for the optimal water use of E. urophylla plantations were 18±2.7 and 2±1 MJ/(m²·d), 669 and 0 J/(cm²·h) during the observation period. Project supported by Knowledge Innovation Funds from Chinese Academy of Sciences (Nos. KSCX2-SW-120, KZCX1-SW-01-01A3) and the Key Project of Guangdong Natural Science Foundation (No. 010567), China     

The relative roles of IQ and cognitive processes in reading disability

The purpose of the present study was to explore the relative roles of IQ and cognitive processes in reading performance. A sample of 443 Spanish children (264 male, 179 female) ranging in age from 7 to 13 years were classified into four groups according to IQ scores (<80, 80–90, 90–110, >110) and reading disabled (RD) and normally achieving readers (NR) were compared. The findings indicate that IQ scores were not related to the differences between children with RD and NR. We found that reading‐related cognitive deficits do differentiate between RD and NR children. Therefore, IQ scores do not make a significant contribution to our understanding of reading disability.     

The dimensions of prospective elementary and middle school teachers’ problem posing for integer addition and subtraction

Journal of Mathematics Teacher Education - Elementary and middle school prospective teachers participated in semi-structured problem posing for integer addition and subtraction. The prospective...