The “learning disabilities” label: An experimental analysis

The “learning disability” label is a relatively new addition to the field of special education and its effects have begun to be investigated. This study examined the differences produced by two categorical labels on students impressions of the “disturbingness” of behavior and their willingness to work with the labeled child. Aggressive behaviors thought to be exhibited by learning disabled youngsters were rated differently from identical behaviors thought to be exhibited by emotionally disturbed children. Implications of this study suggest that the “LD” label may connote a milder form of disability; and that teacher and professional training institutions should consider the deleterious effects labels may convey with regard to expected behaviors.     

Post‐primary Teacher Training in Ireland: principles and patterns

This paper examines recent developments in post‐primary teacher training in Ireland, set against the background of major expansion in the provision of post‐primary schooling. It includes a relatively detailed examination of the consecutive model which is the predominant mode as well as the one with deep historical roots. The efforts which are being made to give the consecutive model a more ‘professional’ emphasis are discussed. Account is taken of the on‐going problems which exist in relation to this model.

The concurrent model for post‐primary teacher trainees evolved during the seventies and affects teachers of specialist subject areas such as physical education, crafts and art. The mode of operation of this pattern is explored and some of its advantages are commented on. The paper is rounded off by a brief note on induction and in‐service training for post‐primary teachers, particularly in so far as these affect pre‐service preparation. The non‐implementation by the Government of the proposed teaching council for Ireland and the recessionary budget context indicate that continued reforms will have to be processed within the existing frameworks.