浅谈导数运算

本文说明了学生熟练掌握导数运算的重要性,指出了学生在导数运算中常出现的错误,以及提高导数运算能力所采用的教学方法。     

普通高中模块课程的价值赋予

模块是我国普通高中课程设置的核心概念。模块课程包含体、势、态三大要素,体倾向于具有系统性、典范性取向;势主要指人类的心智逻辑及其势能;态主要指基于课程开发的情境规划。体、势、态的兼备和融合,既是模块课程价值表征系统,也是模块课程价值赋予途径。只有通过情境规划,才能使模块课程的实施真正进入到教育现场的体态、势态之中。     

危机时代的教育变革——奥巴马政府的教育政策述评

在经济危机的特殊背景下,奥巴马政府推出力度更大的教育改革计划,即所谓巧借救市推教改。奥巴马的教育新政主要是想通过向各州拨付教育救济款,推行教育部长邓肯在芝加哥领导学校重建时期的改革思路,促使各州在兼顾教育机会均等的同时,大力提高美国学校的教育质量,缔造所谓学生成绩世界一流的美国教育。奥巴马政府的教育新政符合美国近十年来政治传统及经济发展的需要,但同时有一个明显的缺陷是推行缺乏法律的强制性,它并未像布什政府时期那样成为一项单独的教育法案。     

人天科学的逻辑结构与类比方法

以元极学为例，讨论了基于整体论的人天科学的开放逻辑体系，这一体系具有还原为系统本身的特点，不完全等同于精密科学逻辑结构，探讨了类比方法在人天科学探索及两种逻辑体系沟通上的作用。     

论教学智慧

教学活动是一种复杂的、人为的和为人的实践活动,“为人”表明教学活动应具有确定性;“人为”表明教学活动具有不确定性;“复杂”表明教学活动必须在不确定性中寻求确定性。而这个过程则意味着教学活动开展必须具有实践智慧,亦即教学智慧。教学智慧生成于具体教学情景,同时表征于具体教学行为,它与教学方法和教学艺术具有某种共同性,但更多的则是它们之间的差异性。课堂教学的复杂性和创造性使得教学智慧成为教学活动的必然要求。教学智慧是“教学经验”、“理论修养”(包括“学科修养”)和“德性”的整合结果。     

当代知识观及其对基础教育改革的启示

知识观是人们关于知识问题的总体认识和基本看法。有什么样的知识观便有什么样的教育观,知识观是教育观的基础,它构成教育改革的基本前提。当代知识观蕴涵内在、开放、动态的知识本质观,多维、互补的知识价值观和积极内化、主动生成、合作建构的知识获得观。基础教育改革应认真处理好知识目标、课程结构、教学方式和教学评价等方面的问题。     

积分计算中的循环过程

本文列举了不定积分和定积分计算中出现循环过程的几种情况,并进行简要分析。     

The knowledge and understanding of preanalytical phase among biomedicine students at the University of Zagreb

Introduction

The educational program for health care personnel is important for reducing preanalytical errors and improving quality of laboratory test results. The aim of our study was to assess the level of knowledge on preanalytical phase in population of biomedicine students through a cross-sectional survey.

Materials and methods

A survey was sent to students on penultimate and final year of Faculty of Pharmacy and Biochemistry – study of medical biochemistry (FPB), Faculty of Veterinary Medicine (FVM) and School of Medicine (SM), University of Zagreb, Croatia, using the web tool SurveyMonkey. Survey was composed of demographics and 14 statements regarding the preanalytical phase of laboratory testing. Comparison of frequencies and proportions of correct answers was done with Fisher’s exact test and test of comparison of proportions, respectively.

Results

Study included 135 participants, median age 24 (23-40) years. Students from FPB had higher proportion of correct answers (86%) compared to students from other biomedical faculties 62%, P < 0.001. Students from FPB were more conscious of the importance of specimen mixing (P = 0.027), prevalence of preanalytical errors (P = 0.001), impact of hemolysis (P = 0.032) and lipemia interferences (P = 0.010), proper choice of anticoagulants (P = 0.001), transport conditions for ammonia sample (P < 0.001) and order of draw during blood specimen collection (P < 0.001), in comparison with students from SM and FVM.

Conclusions

Students from FPB are more conscious of the importance of preanalytical phase of testing in comparison with their colleagues from other biomedical faculties. No difference in knowledge between penultimate and final year of the same faculty was found.Key words: survey, education, preanalytical phase     

Use of widgets as information management tools in online shared spaces

Online shared spaces are destinations where people of common interests interact to achieve common goals or borrow each other's expertise for personal pursuits. Due to a multitude of users, such spaces generate large amounts of content, thus creating a potential for information overload. To deal with it, users of online shared spaces develop information management strategies that frequently involve the use of information technology. In this paper we present a case study of the use of widgets as information management tools in uCern, an online shared workspace where healthcare industry stakeholders get involved in various types of interactions. To understand how widgets served the purpose of information management and whether they were considered useful, we administered an online questionnaire (n = 183) followed by qualitative interviews (n = 5). Data analysis revealed that study participants used widgets as tools that promoted their situation and activity awareness of events and activities going on in uCern and helped them with organizing and accessing the content in a quick and efficient manner. We also describe issues associated with the use of widgets and their usefulness as reported by participants and propose implications for design and development of online shared spaces in relation to information management tools.     

完善基础教育课程标准的若干思路——来自中小学教科书实验的启示

2001年开始实施的基础教育课程标准教科书实验,对于课程标准的修改和完善具有一定启示。教科书实验(包括编写、试教、调整、推广、完善等)可以从课程标准的内容结构、目标要求、局部内容的再定位、对教科书功能的再定位、对课程理念的完善等诸多方面,为课程标准的完善提供帮助。课程标准的修改,可以从确认修改的目的及其侧重点,调整有关的课程目标,对"标准"再定位,完善内容标准,增加评价标准,完善课程标准的基本结构,妥善处理内容的衔接,改善可操作性等方面逐一加以落实。