Rethinking fat as a fuel for endurance exercise

Abstract

A key element contributing to deteriorating exercise capacity during physically demanding sport appears to be reduced carbohydrate availability coupled with an inability to effectively utilize alternative lipid fuel sources. Paradoxically, cognitive and physical decline associated with glycogen depletion occurs in the presence of an over-abundance of fuel stored as body fat that the athlete is apparently unable to access effectively. Current fuelling tactics that emphasize high-carbohydrate intakes before and during exercise inhibit fat utilization. The most efficient approach to accelerate the body’s ability to oxidize fat is to lower dietary carbohydrate intake to a level that results in nutritional ketosis (i.e., circulating ketone levels >0.5 mmol/L) while increasing fat intake for a period of several weeks. The coordinated set of metabolic adaptations that ensures proper interorgan fuel supply in the face of low-carbohydrate availability is referred to as keto-adaptation. Beyond simply providing a stable source of fuel for the brain, the major circulating ketone body, beta-hydroxybutyrate, has recently been shown to act as a signalling molecule capable of altering gene expression, eliciting complementary effects of keto-adaptation that could extend human physical and mental performance beyond current expectation. In this paper, we review these new findings and propose that the shift to fatty acids and ketones as primary fuels when dietary carbohydrate is restricted could be of benefit for some athletes.     

医院火灾危险源的风险评估

本文利用重大危险源监督管理及风险评估有关资料的观点,探讨医院内部消防安全管理的具体问题。通过研究医院内部火灾危险源的风险评估方法,建立评估指标体系,并提出危险源监管模式框架,通过开发信息管理系统进行应用。实现医院消防安全管理工作从被动防范向源头管理转变,有效防范事故的发生。     

新形势下高职院校班主任的角色重塑

班主任是高职院校教师的重要组成部分,是学校从事德育工作,开展大学生思想政治教育的骨干力量,是大学生健康成长的指导者和引路人。随着2014年《国务院关于加快发展现代职业教育的决定》的颁布,职业教育受到了越来越多的重视与支持,在职业教育改革日新月异的形势下,班主任的工作角色呈现了多重性、多元化发展的趋势。本文结合自身的班主任工作,对新形势下高职班主任的角色延展做了综述：班主任应该是集教育者、管理者、引路人、服务者、参谋者和学者于一身的多重身份。     

Strategic fit among knowledge attributes,knowledge management systems,and service positioning

Knowledge management systems (KMSs) support high-quality services while shaping and improving positioning of services. Given such strategic importance of KMS, this study explores the effects of different types of KMS, which respond to the attributes (i.e., diversity and tacitness) of collective knowledge, on service (re-)positioning. Through a case study of a financial consulting company at the core of KMSs, combinations of the two knowledge attributes are used to determine which type of KMS (i.e., information library, deepened stock, thought islands, and shared brain) offers the greatest efficiency and effectiveness in service (re-)positioning. The joint concerns of service innovation scope and specificity are also considered. Finally, the study discusses the theoretical and practical implications on KMS design and functionality in the new business age of service innovation.     

Spontaneous Tumor Lysis Syndrome in an Infant: A Case Report

Tumor lysis syndrome has been observed in patients with malignancies with high cellular burden and high cell turnover, tumor sensitive to therapy, especially after initiating medical treatment. It very rarely occurs spontaneously. The case described here is of 6 months male infant who presented with fever since 1 month and loose stools associated with blood since 15 days. The laboratory investigations showed lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) of 6,192 IU/L and serum uric acid 18.2 mg/dl along with pancytopenia. The infant presented with electrolyte abnormalities and renal failure.     

高职院校学业辅导体系的构建

学业辅导对于高职院校回应学生期待、加强思想政治教育、服务经济社会发展和促进自身发展均有重要价值。高职院校学业辅导存在“六重六轻”典型问题,学业辅导体系亟待完善。基于“以学生为中心”的基本思想,系统构建了包括三维核心内容、六支辅导队伍、六类工作平台和四方支持系统的学业辅导体系框架,并就体系内部关系作出分析。     

让学生在自主建构数学课程中成长——小学数学教学的本质追求

数学教学的意义就是"让学生在自主建构数学课程中成长"。学生有自己的数学课程,可以建构数学课程,通过建构数学课程促进自己更好成长。"让学生在自主建构数学课程中成长"是生命成长的基本需求、课程改革的客观要求、数学教学的本质追求,实现的策略是让学生自主建构数学活动、探究数学规律、运用数学经验。     

The study of systems and methods for scientometric analysis of scientific publications

This paper provides an overview of the methods and systems that are applied for scientometric analysis of scientific publications. Methods to identify promising research directions are described. The results of an experimental study aimed at determining the directions of scientific research within the subject area of “regenerative medicine” by using various methods are presented. Conclusions are made about the prospects and shortcomings of the applied methods. Directions for further research are proposed.     

The use of economic classifiers for the indexing of scientific publications

The experience from the application of the OKVED 2 economic classifier for indexing scientific publications is considered. More than 9500 articles on the subject of “Automation. Computer Engineering” in authoritative Russian magazines were the material for the study. Some means for the comparative analysis of economic statistics and results of the classification of scientific publications are shown.     

青少年运动缺乏症研究的10大问题

摘要：运动缺乏症（EDD）是一种儿科疾病,特点是中高强度体力活动（MVPA）下降,低于目前的推荐量,也与积极的健康结果（health outcomes）不一致。目前,大多数儿童和青少年符合EDD的诊断标准,因为他们没有达到日常MVPA的最低要求。本文的目的是强调10个与青少年EDD有关的重要研究问题。需要进行重要的研究来更好的定义EDD的临床表现,包括评估体力活动行以确定开始出现EDD的年龄或发育阶段;包括运动技巧和体能的运动起源（kinesiogenesis）的检测;以及对影响青少年MVPA的生活方式因素的评估。关于治疗EDD的干预措施和政策的研究问题,包括评估对卫生保健从业者进行运动医学重要性的教育和训练;确定在临床上识别和治疗EDD青少年的方法的有效性;开发敏感的、特效的、经济的方法以诊断青少年EDD;以及定制方法以促进本病诊疗的医疗保险赔付。如果未来研究不能优化EDD青少年的识别、治疗和管理方案,具有重大影响的生物医学、心理、经济和政治的新的卫生保健问题将会不断出现。