解放思想对当代中国社会主义发展的意义

解放思想对当代中国社会主义发展的意义.在于它解决了"什么是社会主义和怎样建设社会主义"这一重大基本理论问题,有力地推动了中国的改革和开放事业.大大加快了中国社会主义发展的步伐,并引导我们朝着健康发展的方向前进.     

口外翼下颌阻滞麻醉的应用解剖学研究

在40侧头预部正中矢状切开标本和60侧下颌骨标本上,按口外翼下颌阻滞麻醉的设计要求,解剖观察了下牙槽神经、舌神经在翼下颌间隙的位置。测量了从下颌管下缘点和下颌角行口外翼下颌阻滞麻醉时的进针深度和角度。测得从下颌骨下缘点的进针深度为37mm;下颌角点的深度为30mm,穿刺针与下颌支后缘之间的角度为31°。对采用该法行口外阻滞麻醉的解剖学要点,优缺点进行了讨论。     

Is right ventricular mid-septal pacing superior to apical pacing in patients with high degree atrio-ventricular block and moderately depressed left ventricular function?

Objective

We are aimed to investigate whether right ventricular mid-septal pacing (RVMSP) is superior to conventional right ventricular apical pacing (RVAP) in improving clinical functional capacity and left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) for patients with high-degree atrio-ventricular block and moderately depressed left ventricle (LV) function.

Methods

Ninety-two patients with high-degree atrio-ventricular block and moderately reduced LVEF (ranging from 35% to 50%) were randomly allocated to RVMSP (n=45) and RVAP (n=47). New York Heart Association (NYHA) functional class, echocardiographic LVEF, and distance during a 6-min walk test (6MWT) were determined at 18 months after pacemaker implantation. Serum levels of N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) were measured using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) kit.

Results

Compared with baseline, NYHA functional class remained unchanged at 18 months, distance during 6MWT (485 m vs. 517 m) and LVEF (36.7% vs. 41.8%) were increased, but BNP levels were reduced (2352 pg/ml vs. 710 pg/ml) in the RVMSP group compared with those in the RVAP group, especially in patients with LVEF 35%–40% (for all comparisons, P<0.05). However, clinical function capacity and LV function measurements were not significantly changed in patients with RVAP, despite the pacing measurements being similar in both groups, such as R-wave amplitude and capture threshold.

Conclusions

RVMSP provides a better clinical utility, compared with RVAP, in patients with high-degree atrioventricular block and moderately depressed LV function whose LVEF levels ranged from 35% to 40%.     

Gravity-oriented microfluidic device for uniform and massive cell spheroid formation

We propose a simple method for forming massive and uniform three-dimensional (3-D) cell spheroids in a multi-level structured microfluidic device by gravitational force. The concept of orienting the device vertically has allowed spheroid formation, long-term perfusion, and retrieval of the cultured spheroids by user-friendly standard pipetting. We have successfully formed, perfused, and retrieved uniform, size-controllable, well-conditioned spheroids of human embryonic kidney 293 cells (HEK 293) in the gravity-oriented microfluidic device. We expect the proposed method will be a useful tool to study in-vitro 3-D cell models for the proliferation, differentiation, and metabolism of embryoid bodies or tumours.     

技术空间溢出对全社会能源效率的影响分析

本文依据2000-2010年中国30省面板数据,从新经济地理学视角,引入空间变量,运用面板方法估算了技术空间溢出对全社会能源效率的影响,研究结果表明:全社会能源效率存在空间相依性,外商直接投资由东部经中部向西部的梯次溢出对全社会能源效率有显著的正向影响,国内技术转让和R&D人员有助于提升西部地区全社会能源效率,因此,就技术节能而言,东部地区应以外商直接投资为主,而中西部地区则优先考虑国内技术转让。此外,考虑技术空间溢出后,东西部仍存在空间滞后现象,说明有其他确定性溢出因素的影响,有待进一步深入研究。     

税收优惠的节能减排效应——基于省级面板数据的实证分析

本文借助国家税务总局提供的减免税调查数据,在使用因子分析等方法测算节能减排效率的基础上,建立面板数据模型,在考虑经济发展水平、工业产业结构、R&D投入强度、出口依存度等节能减排的其他主要影响因素的同时,通过实证检验税收减免率与节能效率、减排效率、节能减排效率之间的关系,分析我国现行税收优惠政策的节能减排效应,包括总体分析、分地区分析两个方面.实证结果显示,无论是从全国总体看,还是分地区看,税收减免率与节能效率、减排效率、节能减排效率之间基本上都呈现出了正相关关系,但税收优惠对节能效率、减排效率、节能减排效率的提高的促进效应,只在90％的置信度下显著,或者不显著,没有达到在95％或99％的置信度下显著.这说明税收优惠可以在促进节能减排中发挥作用,但作用有限.究其原因,可能与税收优惠具有激励作用而不具有约束作用有关,要充分发挥税收在促进节能减排中的重要作用,需要激励性税收政策和约束性税收政策的有效结合.     

创新高校思想政治理论课教学实效的对策思考

目前,高校思想政治理论课教学改革与创新是教育工作者普遍关注的＂热点＂问题。而改革的最终目的,是更好地发挥出高校思想政治理论课育人功能,增强高校思想政治理论课的育人实效。当前,高校思想政治理论课教学的主、客观环境,都发生了深刻变化,探索有效机制,切实增强高校思想政治理论课的教学实效,是高校思想政治理论课改革与创新的应有之意。     

论美声与中国民族唱法的咬字吐字

浅谈中国民族唱法与美声唱法的区别,从中感受美声与民族唱法咬字、吐字的区别,从而了解应该怎样更好的歌唱,具体分析这两种歌唱方式语言的区别,总结两种唱法的发音技巧。     

SOUTH KOREAN AND THE US SECONDARY SCHOOL SCIENCE TEACHERS’ CONCEPTIONS OF CREATIVITY AND TEACHING FOR CREATIVITY

This study examined science teachers’ conceptions of creativity in science education, pedagogical ideas, and contextual factors perceived as constraints on teaching for creativity and any differences in the conceptions of teachers from South Korea and the United States. Participants in the study consisted of 44 South Korean and 21 US secondary science teachers. Data was collected from open-ended and Likert-type questionnaires. Results indicated that each individual teacher’s conception was considerably limited, but the teachers’ conceptions of creativity as a whole group were consistent with the literature. In terms of teaching methods for creativity, the teachers commonly emphasized problem-based or project-based inquiry which was consistent with the literature. The South Korean teachers tended to consider ethics as a more important criterion for judging creativity than the US teachers and emphasized providing thinking opportunity for fostering creativity, while the US teachers emphasized environmental or emotional support. Possible sources of these differences were discussed. The commonly mentioned constraints included pressure of content coverage for high-stakes tests, difficulties in assessing creativity, and class size. Suggestions for professional development of teachers and further research questions were made based on the findings.     

核心价值体系视域下民间组织的伦理背离与回归

社会主义核心价值体系在我国社会价值体系中居于核心地位,发挥着主导作用,决定着整个价值体系的基本特征和基本方向。在当前我国民间组织面临着伦理背离的情况下,社会主义核心价值体系以其广泛的适用性和包容性以及强大的整合力和引领力,成为重塑民间组织伦理精神的重要价值向度。