汉语对国外学生语言教学的重要性分析

目前汉语对国外语言教学研究仅仅局限于最初的阶段,与之相关的著作及教材非常少。面对国外学生汉语教学的重要性不能忽视,学生自身的文化语言背景直接对学习新的一门语言有一定的影响,我们要对不同国家学生所处文化环境进行差异分析,进行有针对性的教学辅导。本人通过对学生的问卷调查及个别采访,对欧美和日韩学生之间的语言差异进行重点分析,从这些差异对国外学生的语言教学的重要性进行思考与分析。     

我国图书情报领域期刊论文的科学数据引用特征研究

[目的/意义] 探索期刊论文科学数据引用特征与规律不仅有助于描述学科领域对科学数据的利用情况，还能够揭示学术成果表达中的数据引用模式。[方法/过程] 以我国图书情报领域6种期刊2017年与2018年第一期刊载论文为样本，结合国家标准《信息技术科学数据引用》的引用元素，采用内容分析法从9个维度对样本论文的科学数据引用行为进行数据编码，应用统计学方法描述图书情报领域期刊论文科学数据引用特征并探索不同维度特征间的关联关系。[结果/结论] 图书情报领域期刊论文广泛引用来自国内外的统计整理类科学数据，对期刊论文中个人研究科学数据的引用量较大；科学数据引用标注方式与科学数据类型存在一定对应关系，但多样化的标注方式缺乏统一性；二手引用现象较为突出，二手引用程度与科学数据创建者类型相关。     

数据驱动的微信用户信息行为时间特征研究

[目的/意义]相对于传统的信息行为分析，数据驱动的信息行为研究更注重数据的外在性与客观性，所得的结果能够更为全面地认识用户信息行为本质特征。[方法/过程]通过自行构建的APP实现对微信用户分享和阅读行为记录的采集，并对微信用户信息行为的时间特性进行系统的分析。[结果/结论]结果表明：微信用户日常信息行为存在显著的假日效应，但是在信息行为时间间隔分布上存在明显厚尾现象和很强的阵发性，预示着微信用户信息行为具有较高的复杂性和不确定性，无法对其产生过程实现有效的预测；此外，微信用户所分享的内容具有很强的时效性，多数内容在微信中能够得到及时的传播，但传播链长度显著受分享内容主题的影响。     

Wearable skin-like optoelectronic systems with suppression of motion artifacts for cuff-less continuous blood pressure monitor

According to the statistics of the World Health Organization, an estimated 17.9 million people die from cardiovascular diseases each year, representing 31% of all global deaths. Continuous non-invasive arterial pressure (CNAP) is essential for the management of cardiovascular diseases. However, it is difficult to achieve long-term CNAP monitoring with the daily use of current devices due to irritation of the skin as well as the lack of motion artifacts suppression. Here, we report a high-performance skin-like optoelectronic system integrated with ultra-thin flexible circuits to monitor CNAP. We introduce a theoretical model via the virtual work principle for predicting the precise blood pressure and suppressing motion artifacts, and propose optical difference in the frequency domain for stable optical measurements in terms of skin-like devices. We compare the results with the blood pressure acquired by invasive (intra-arterial) blood pressure monitoring for >1500 min in total on 44 subjects in an intensive care unit. The maximum absolute errors of diastolic and systolic blood pressure were ±7/±10 mm Hg, respectively, in immobilized, and ±10/±14 mm Hg, respectively, in walking scenarios. These strategies provide advanced blood pressure monitoring techniques, which would directly address an unmet clinical need or daily use for a highly vulnerable population.     

A Meta-Analysis of Single-Case Research on Mathematics Word Problem-Solving Interventions for English Learners with Learning Disabilities and Mathematics Difficulties

This single-case meta-analysis is the first to provide a quantitative synthesis of the published literature on mathematics word problem-solving intervention studies for English learners with learning disabilities and mathematics difficulties. A total of ten single-subject studies were included for analysis. The current study investigated the magnitude of the effect of mathematics interventions targeting the improvement of students’ mathematics word problem-solving performance, and analyzed variables that moderated this effect. Results indicate a moderate overall effect size of 0.81 (95% CI [0.71, 0.90]) on word problem-solving performance for English learners with learning disabilities and mathematics difficulties. Moderator variables such as the implementer of the interventions, instructional focus, and word problem-solving content significantly moderated the mathematics intervention effects.     

The Effect of Visual‐Chunking‐Representation Accommodation on Geometry Testing for Students with Math Disabilities

Students who struggle with learning mathematics often have difficulties with geometry problem solving, which requires strong visual imagery skills. These difficulties have been correlated with deficiencies in visual working memory. Cognitive psychology has shown that chunking of visual items accommodates students’ working memory deficits. This study investigated the effects of visual‐chunking representation as a testing accommodation for improving students’ geometry problem‐solving performance. Participants were four third‐graders with difficulties in mathematics. An adapted reversal design was employed to examine the students’ performance changes during standard testing conditions and accommodated testing conditions. During the accommodated condition, students were presented with visual‐chunking images. Results suggested that the visual‐chunking representation accommodation improved students’ performance on geometry problem‐solving tasks, and an interview confirmed students’ preference for the visual‐chunking representation approach.     

台湾地区图书馆RDA实施对大陆高校图书馆的启示

本文对台湾地区图书馆实施RDA的过程做了详细的介绍,包括了其筹备工作、具体开展情况,以及RDA开展调查结果。并总结了台湾地区图书馆具体实施RDA的经验。结合大陆地区高校图书馆的实际情况,借鉴台湾地区图书馆相关经验,对大陆地区高校图书馆具体使用RDA规则开展编目工作提出了几点建议。     

文学翻译与语言文化

文学翻译是一门艺术，作为一名翻译工作者，既要熟练掌握驾驭母语和译作语言的技巧，又要具备一定的民族文化紊养。用文学语言翻译文学语言，用形象翻译形象，使译文读者和原作读者同样感受到文学作品的艺术感染力和丰富的想象力，同样获得审美上的愉悦和欣赏的共鸣。     

试析梁启超对周恩来早期思想的影响

梁启超是中国近代思想家,戊戌维新运动领袖之一。1917年后,淡出政坛,退居天津。在周恩来的早期思想中,有很深的梁启超的烙印。梁启超的佛学思想、爱国情怀、救国主张,甚至文风都对周恩来产生了潜移默化的影响。周恩来旅欧期间,经过实际考察并对各种思潮进行比较,终于确立了共产主义的信仰。这是周恩来一生的最重要的抉择,也是他摆脱粱启超的影响,成为伟大的马克思主义者的开端。